Four foreign medical electronic journals databases were comprehensively assessed and analyzed using the assessment index system developed by the Library of Capital Medical University.After the raw data of 28 assessment indexes covered in the 4 databases were transformed to dimensionless data, the service performance of each database was scored with suggestions proposed for the future acquisition of digital literature resources.Our empirical study showed that assessment of database could contribute to understanding the quality of foreign medical electronic journals databases and how they could meet the need of users.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of the method of reinforcing qi,nourish ing yin and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis in the treatment of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods 60 coronary heart disease patients who had accepted PCI treatment and occurred restenosis were randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group,30 eases in each group.The control group received conventional therapy.The treatment group was treated with conventional therapy combined with TCM of reinforcing qi,nourishing yin and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.Both groups were treated for 6 months.The clinical symptoms,coronary angiography or coronary artery CTA,blood lipids were observed.Results The total effective rate was 93.33％ and 66.67％ in the treatment group and the control group respectively,showing statistical difference (x2=8.787,P＜0.05).The patients' clinical symptoms in the treatment group were improved,such as chest pain,chest tightness,shortness of breath,fatigue,dry mouth [The scores were respectively(1.07± 1.01)、(1.33±1.21)、(1.47±1.17)、(1.53±1.14)、(1.53± 1.01),(P＜0.05) ].The treatment group demonstrated a significantly better therapeutic results than the control group [Thescoreswererespectively(2.07±1.53)、(2.27±1.46)、(3.73±1.46)、(3.73±1.87)、(3.13±1.63),(P＜0.05) ].The results of coronary angiography or coronary artery CTA showed that the narrow degree in the treatment group was no more aggravating and it had no new restenosis.After the treatment,the level of CHOL、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C in the treatment group was improved [They were respectively (4.55±0.44)mmol/L、(1.81±0.56)mmol/L、(1.26±0.38)mmol/L、(2.25±0.49)mmol/L,(P＜0.05) ].The improvement in CHOL、TG、LDL-C of the treatment group was better than that of the control group [They were respectively (4.86±0.63)mmol/L、(2.29±1.06)mmol/L,(2.60±0.73)mmol/L,(P＜0.05)].Conclusion The method of reinforcing qi,nourishing yin and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis could improve the patients clinical symptoms and blood lipids,and therefore spreventing restenosis.

e factors of elder age, abdominal surgeries and malignant tumor.

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of establishment for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) model in rats after allo-bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), in order to provide premise conditions for further studying the immuno-regulation role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) on GVHD after allo-BMT. METHODS: This experiment was finished in Laboratory of Pathology and Pathophysiology in Sun Yat-sen University from April to September 2006.①Six-week-old male Fischer344 rats (RT1Al) were used as donors while six-week-old female Waster (RT1Au) rats were used as recipients.②Recipient rats were given water supplemented with gentamycin (320 mg/L) and erythromycin (250 mg/L) three days before BMT. On the day of transplantation, recipient rats received 8.0 Gy (60Co ?, 0.7 Gy/min) total body irradiation. Within 6 hours following the irradiation, recipient rats in BMT group were transplanted with 0.8?108 cells via tail vein injection, while rats in control group only received the same volume injection of phosphate buffer. Each group included 10 animals. Evaluation of common living status was monitored including daily diet, activity, stool and urine, fur and body mass. Shaved skin, liver and intestine tissues were also analyzed histologically. RESULTS: ①All rats in the control group died within 17 days following the irradiation and most of them died on day 11 or 12 post-transplantation, while BMT group had higher survival rate, in addition to three rats died on days 12, 16, 18 respectively, whereas others were all alive through 60 days expectation period.②Rats in the BMT group had no clear symptoms of acute GVHD, such as rapid weight loss and severe diarrhea, however, the weight growth in rats of the BMT group was quite slow. Furthermore, 1 month following BMT, depilation phenomenon was evident in the head and back of recipients, and then extended to abdominal part and extremity with the increase of time. Two months following BMT, skin follicular dropout and slight dermal mononuclear infiltration were found. Hepatic disease was characterized by portal tract lymphocyte infiltration, fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall. Small bowel specimens showed clear inflammatory cell infiltration (neutrophils, acidophils, macrophages) within lamina propria. CONCLUSION: ①The cGVHD model can be established through allo-BMT from F344 to Wistar rats.②The typical histological signs of cGVHD are evident in skin, liver and intestine tissues, among which hepatic sign is the most dominant including portal tract and bile duct mononuclear infiltration followed by fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall.

To meet with the need for culivating high-quality medical talents,the new teaching mode of problem-based learning (PBL) is attracting a lot of attention. Pathophysiology, which bridges basic medicine courses and clinical medicine courses,is more suitable for implementing PBL teaching mode. The teaching mode of incorporating case analysis is used into pathophysiology teaching by many ways is studied and an ideal result has been achieved.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of expulsive therapy using alpha 1-selective adrenoblocker and prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor for distal ureteral stones.Methods 94 patients with distal ureteral stone were randomly divided into study group and control group.In study group,47 cases received tamsulosin 0.2mg daily and dielofenac rectal suppositories 50mg 2 times daily,while watchful waiting without tamsulosin and diclofenac suppository in 47 cases of control group.Observation lasted 2 weeks and also stone expelled as end point.Results No severe adverse reactions related to the drugs were noted and no patients withdrew from the study.The stone-free rate was 91.5%(43/47) of the study group and 25.5% (12/47) of the control group (P＜0.01).A mean stone expelling date of the control group was(8.9±4.3)d and that of the study group was(6.4±3.7)d(P＜0.01).Rates of renoureteral colic recurred in the study group and the control group were 4.3%(2/47) and 48.9%(23/47),respectively (P＜0.01).Conclusion Treatment of distal ureteral stones wlth tamsulosin and dielofenac suppository can increase the stone-free rate,shorten mean stone expelling date,decrease rate of renottreteral colic recurred.

Objective To study the impact of preprocedure intravenous urography (IVU) on the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) for proximal ureteral stones.Methods One hundred patients with solitary radiopaque proximal ureteral stones on plain radiographs and no severe hydronephrosis on ultrasonographic examination were allocated randomly to two treatment groups.IVU group (n=50) had IVU before the start of ESWL,whereas patients in control group (n=50) underwent ESWL without IVU.Postop- erative success,the stone-free rates and complications were evaluated in both groups. Results Seven patients in IVU group were excluded from the study. The success rate [95.3%(41/43) in IVU group vs 94.0% (47/50) in control group],stone-free rate [83.7% (36/43)vs 86.0% (43/50)] and complication rate[27.9% (12/43 ) vs 26.0% (13/50)]were similar in two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions It is not necessary to obtain an IVU for patients who have solitary radiopaque proximal ureteral calculi on plain radiographs with no severe hydronephrosis on uhrasonographie examination before scheduling them for ESWL,thus minimizing the cost,avoiding exposure to contrast medium,and reducing radiation exposure.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of increasing end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane and increasing stimulation voltage on motor evoked potentials,so as to provide evidence in making anesthesia plan for intraspinal tumor surgery.Methods:In the study,48 patients scheduled to undergo intraspinal tumor surgery [American Society of Anesthesiology,(ASA)Ⅰ-Ⅱ,18-65 years old]were enrolled. After general anesthesia induction,the patients were assigned to receive sevoflurane anesthesia of increa-sing end-tidal concentration in the sequence of 0.0%,0.5%,1 .0% and 1 .5% respectively,under a background of propofol and remifentanil.All the observations were done before the important steps of sur-gery.Remifentanil infusion rate was 0.2 μg /(kg·min),while the propofol infusion rate was adjusted to maintain the bispectral index values within the range of 30-50.At each concentration,4 stimulation voltages of 300 V,400 V,500 V and 600 V were employed to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEPs). The amplitude and latency of each MEP were compared.The success ratio was also recorded.Results:The concentration of sevoflurane and the stimulation voltage had impacts on the amplitude and latency of MEPs.Under each stimulation voltage,the MEPs amplitude decreased following increasing end-tidal sevoflurane concentrations,and significant differences were found in comparing 1 .5% sevoflurane (left 20.50 μV,70.71 μV,135.97 μV,190.00μV ,right 14.29 μV,50.71 μV,73.10μV,77.50μV) with 0.0% sevoflurane (left 143.00 μV,388.10 μV,484.53 μV,500.00 μV,right 176.00 μV, 407.60 μV,384.35 μV,451.00 μV)and 0.5% sevoflurane (left 100.00 μV,362.57 μV,444.05μV,435.00 μV,right 115.00 μV,207.15 μV,258.34 μV,358.50 μV),left χ2 =27.46,P<0.01,right χ2 =60.49,P<0.01;left χ2 =20.73,P<0.01,right χ2 =55.05,P<0.01;left χ2 =34.25,P<0.01,right χ2 =33.58,P<0.01;left χ2 =28.61,P<0.01 ,right χ2 =49.04,P<0.01;while there were no statistical differences in the latency changes (P =0.26 ).Under each end-tidal sevoflurane concentration,the MEPs amplitude increased following increasing stimulation voltages,and significant differences were found in comparing 300 V (left 143.00 μV,100.00 μV,61.50 μV,20.50μV ,right 176.00 μV,115.00 μV,41.07 μV,14.29 μV)with 400 V (left 388.10 μV,362.57μV,198.81 μV,70.71 μV,right 407.60 μV,207.15 μV,89.00 μV,50.71 μV)and 500 V (left 484.53 μV,444.05 μV,216.24μV,135.97 μV,right 384.35 μV,258.34μV,187.50μV,73.10μV)and 600 V (left 500.00 μV,435.00 μV,344.00 μV,190.00 μV,right 451.00 μV,385.50μV,156.00μV,77.50μV),leftχ2 =45.55,P<0.01,rightχ2 =25.73,P<0.01;leftχ2 =46.67, P<0.01,right χ2 =55.30,P<0.01;left χ2 =47.36,P<0.01,right χ2 =47.82,P<0.01;left χ2 =38.67,P<0.01,right χ2 =45.87,P<0.01;while the latencies were decreased,and significant dif-ferences were found in comparing 300 V with 400 V and 500 V and 600V(left F=7.50,P=0.01 ,right F=13.33,P<0.01),but the differences had little clinical significance.The success ratio decreased by increasing end-tidal sevoflurane concentration,and significant differences were found in comparing 1 .5%sevoflurane (left 43.8%,70.8%,77.1%,81.3%,right 37.5%,60.4%,75.0%,66.7%)with 0.0%sevoflurane (left 79.2%,87.5%,95.8%,93.8%,right 75.0%,95.8%,95.8%,95.8%)and 0.5%sevoflurane (left 72.9%,89.6%,95.8%,95.8%,right 66.7%,89.6%,95.8%,97.9%);the suc-cess ratio increased by increasing stimulation voltage,and significant differences were found in comparing 300 V(left 79.2%,72.9%,62.5%,43.8%,right 75.0%,66.7%,60.4%,37.5%)with 400 V(left 87.5%,89.6%,77.1%,70.8% ,right 95.8%,89.6%,79.2%,60.4%)and 500 V(left 95.8%, 95 .8%,9 1 .7%,77 .1%,right 95 .8%,95 .8%,8 1 .3%,75 .0%)and 600 V (left 93 .8%,95 .8%, 89.6%,81.3%,right 95.8%,97.9%,89.6%,66.7%),but there were no statistical differences in the success ratio of MEPs between the group with stimulation voltage of 600 V ,end tidal sevoflurane concen-tration of 1 .5% and the group with stimulation voltage of 300 V,end tidal sevoflurane concentration of 0.0% (P=0.22).Conclusion:Sevoflurane inhibited MEPs in a dose-dependent manner.It can de-crease the amplitudes and prolong the latencies.But increasing stimulation voltage will facilitate MEPs monitoring and increase the success ratio.Sevoflurane can be used in larger parts of MEPs monitoring surgery by increasing the stimulation voltage.

Drug toxicology,as a discipline which studies drug toxicity mechanisms and evaluates comprehensive drug safety is of crucial importance for guiding sensible clinical drug use,reducing adverse drug reactions and reducing failures of new drug development caused by toxicity. This article summarizes the basic situation of Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)funded projects in drug toxicology between 2001 and 2015,involving the amount of approved grants,funding rate,funding category and supported faculty,and the change of NSFC guidelines. Research topics,ideas and contents of NSFC funded projects are generalized and characteristics,problems and future trends are also analyzed to provide reference for research on drug toxicology.

Objective To evaluate the significance of enzymologic and morphologic changes of the detrusor muscle after bladder outlet obstruction(BOO).Methods The bladder detrusor muscles of 8 cases of BPH with BOO(BOO group) and another 8 cases of bladder tumor without BOO(control group) were collected.The content of MDA and the activity of SOD,NOS and Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+)-ATPase in both groups were measured,and observed under electron microscope.Results The activities of SOD(20.39?2.02)U/mg Protein,NOS(1.81?0.38)U/mg Protein,Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+)ATPase(1.47?0.43)?mol Pi/mg Protein of the detrusor muscles in control group were significantly higher than those of the detrusor muscles in BOO group(12.77?2.62)U/mg Protein,(1.36?0.22)U/mg Protein and(0.97?0.33)?mol Pi/mg Protein;P