Object To research the percutaneous absorption of ?-asarone in various solvents in vitro. Methods To measure the concentration of ?-asarone passed through rat skin in various solvents which contained borneol and azote-ketone by HPLC, count the penetration of accumulation within 24 h and steady velocity. Results 0.1% Borneol could not promote the penetration of ?-asarone; azote-ketone could decrease the penetration of ?-asarone. The penetration of accumulation within 24 h and steady velocity of ?-asarone in 20% ethanol were (352.624?87.049) ?g/cm2, (18.902?4.840) ?g/(cm2?h), respectively. Conclusion The percutaneous absorption of ?-asarone is the best when the solvents contain no promoter.

Objective To establish the quantitative methods of psoralen and apigenin in Radix Fici Hirtae. Methods The content of psoralen and apigenin in Radix fici Hirtae was determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were as follows:YMC C18 column(250 mm? 4.60 mm,5 ? m),mobile phases of methanol-0.2 % phosphoric acid for gradient elution,flow rate being 1.0 mL? min-1,column temperature at 30 ℃,detection wavelength being 245 nm for psoralen and 338 nm for apigenin,and inject volume being 10 ? L. Results Psoralen showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.083 6～ 1.045 0 ? g,r=0.999 9,the average recovery was 100.43 % and RSD % was 0.45 % . Apigenin showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.065 6～ 0.820 0 ? g,r=0.999 9,the average recovery was 100.41 % and RSD % was 0.34 % . Conclusion The established methods are simple and rapid with good reproducibility,and can be used for the quality control of Radix fici hertae.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that home-made porous tantalum has non-toxicity and good biocompatibility, and can promote osteogenesis. Herein, we explore the mechanisms of tantalum-bone interface osseointegration.OBJECTIVE:To observe the morphological characteristics and expressions of integrin β1 and fibronectin on the interface between porous tantalum and bone tissues after implantation into the right rabbit femur, and to evaluate the biological mechanisms of tantalum-bone interface osseointegration.METHODS: Animal models of bilateral femoral condyle defects were made in Japanese big ear rabbits. Porous tantalum rod and allogeneic bone were respectively implanted into the left (experimental group) and right (control group) femur of rabbits. The animal specimens at the bone defect region were taken and made into paraffin sections and hard tissue sections at postoperative 2, 4, 8 weeks for morphological observation of new bone at the junction between the tantalum rod and host bone under light microscope, for osteogenic observation of the tantalum-bone interface under scanning electron microscope, and for immunohistochemical detection of integrin β1 and fibronectin expression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Porous tantalum was bonded closely with the host bone. The loose and thick fibrous capsule was observed in the early stage and became thinner in the late stage shown by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The new bone was visible on tantalum-bone interface. Hard tissue slicing observation showed that the new bone was seen on the porous tantalum-bone interface, blood capillaries grew into the pores at postoperative 2 weeks and the pores were full of new bone tissues at postoperative 4 and 8 weeks. Under the scanning electron microscope, the osteoblasts appeared on the tantalum surface and in the pores at the early stage, and bone maturation and lamelar bone were seen at the late stage. The immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of integrin β1 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at postoperative 2 weeks (P < 0.05), but the expression of fibronectin had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). In addition, there was a decline trend in the expression of integrin β1 and fibronectin atpostoperative 2, 4, 8 weeks. To conclude, the porous tantalum material is beneficial to enhance adhesion of osteoblasts on the surface and inside the micro-pores. Increased expression of integrin β1 and fibronectin on the tantalum-bone interface at early stage may promote early osteogenesis, while their decreased expression at bone maturing stage can promote osseointegration and bone remodeling.

Objective To assess the effect of ascorbic acid/ferric chloride (AA/FeCl3) in attenuating cartilage damage in rats with osteoarthritis. Methods Thirty adult male Wistar rats with surgically induced osteoarthritis were randomized into 2 groups for treatment with intra-articular injection of saline (control group) or AA/FeCl3 mixture (AA group) once a week starting from the third week after the operation. At 6, 9, and 12 weeks after the operation, 5 rats from each group were sacrificed for observing subchondral bone changes on X-ray films and evaluation of cartilage degeneration in the right knee joints using safranin-O/Fast green staining and a modified OARSI scoring system. The degradation of the cartilage matrix was observed by immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen. Results X-ray examination in saline control group revealed the presence of osteophytes and narrowing of the joint space at 9 weeks, and the joint line disappeared at 12 weeks after the surgery; only slight irregularity of the articular surface was observed in the AA group at 9 and 12 weeks. OARSI scores were significantly lower in AA group than in the control group at 9 weeks (18.67 ± 0.67 vs 12.17 ± 2.75;P<0.05) and 12 weeks (20.11 ± 1.84 vs 13.77 ± 0.40;P<0.05) but not at 6 weeks after the surgery. The content of type 2 collagen in AA group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 6 weeks (0.36 ± 0.039 vs 0.49 ± 0.029;P<0.05) and 9 weeks after the surgery (0.25 ± 0.041 vs 0.38 ± 0.040;P<0.05). Conclusions Early intra-articular injection of AA/FeCl3 can effectively delay the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis in rats.

Objective To assess the effect of ascorbic acid/ferric chloride (AA/FeCl3) in attenuating cartilage damage in rats with osteoarthritis. Methods Thirty adult male Wistar rats with surgically induced osteoarthritis were randomized into 2 groups for treatment with intra-articular injection of saline (control group) or AA/FeCl3 mixture (AA group) once a week starting from the third week after the operation. At 6, 9, and 12 weeks after the operation, 5 rats from each group were sacrificed for observing subchondral bone changes on X-ray films and evaluation of cartilage degeneration in the right knee joints using safranin-O/Fast green staining and a modified OARSI scoring system. The degradation of the cartilage matrix was observed by immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen. Results X-ray examination in saline control group revealed the presence of osteophytes and narrowing of the joint space at 9 weeks, and the joint line disappeared at 12 weeks after the surgery; only slight irregularity of the articular surface was observed in the AA group at 9 and 12 weeks. OARSI scores were significantly lower in AA group than in the control group at 9 weeks (18.67 ± 0.67 vs 12.17 ± 2.75;P<0.05) and 12 weeks (20.11 ± 1.84 vs 13.77 ± 0.40;P<0.05) but not at 6 weeks after the surgery. The content of type 2 collagen in AA group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 6 weeks (0.36 ± 0.039 vs 0.49 ± 0.029;P<0.05) and 9 weeks after the surgery (0.25 ± 0.041 vs 0.38 ± 0.040;P<0.05). Conclusions Early intra-articular injection of AA/FeCl3 can effectively delay the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis in rats.

Middle-aged and elderly patients with femoral neck fracture often suffer from basic diseases. Conservative treatment will significantly increase the incidence of complications. At present, surgical treatment is mostly advocated. Internal fixation is one of the effective treatment methods for middle-aged and elderly patients with femoral neck fracture. It has the advantages of improving hip joint function, accelerating patient recovery, and improving patient quality of life. At present, there are many choices of internal fixation in the world, each has its own advantages and disadvantages, and there is no unified standard. Different surgical methods can be selected according to various factors such as fracture type, patient′s physical condition and surgical auxiliary technology. This article reviews the clinical progress of internal fixation for femoral neck fractures in middle-aged and elderly patients from four aspects: the characteristics of femoral neck fractures in middle-aged and elderly patients, common internal fixation methods, 3D printing guide plate auxiliary technology and artificial intelligence auxiliary technology.