7;there were 32 b ands in tumor group. ③SDS PAGE showed that the number of protein bands with relative molecular mass of 77 000,50 000-52 000,38 000-30 000 increased in the tumour group. Conclusion: In the saliva of periodontitis indivauals there are more basic proteins,the relative molecular mass of the prot ein in the saliva of patients with tumor is different from that of health contro ls.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is the most promising tissue engineering seed cells because of their strong proliferation and passage ability, multi-directional differentiation potential, as well as no ethical problems and no rejection.OBJECTIVE: To review the recent advances in the directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by various conditions METHODS: The first author retrieved CNKI, PubMed, Wanfang databases for relevant articles published from January 2001 to September 2016. The keywords were bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs, directional differentiation in Chinese and English, respectively. Literature addressing experimental research and review were selected, and finally 48 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced in vitro to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and nerve cells by cytokines, chemical drugs, Chinese herbs and extracts, physical stimulation. To establish feasible induction conditions in vitro and improve cell induction efficiency is the basis for the clinical application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objeact:To evaluate the effects of the exogenous PTEN gene on morphology of the highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line M3SP2. Methods: Morphological observation of vehicle transfected M3SP2-pBp cells and PTEN transfected M3SP2-PTEN cells was performed with inverted microscope, HE staining and optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope and transmisson electronic microscope. Results: Compared with the control cells of M3SP2-pBp, the exogenous PTEN expressing cells M3SP2-PTEN showed morphological changes, such as vacuole denaturalization, shrinkage, less microvillus, chondriosome swelling, lysosome amalgamation, and chromatin agglutination. Conclusion: The exogenous PTEN gene may induce denaturalization, necrosis, and apoptosis of the highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells.

Objective To detect the relationship between the pathological degrees of chronic cholecystitis and coincident diseases. Method The pathological degree was divided into mild,moderate and severe degree according to the pathological changes in 442 cases of chronic cholecystitis,and the proliferation of mucosa cell was detected by SP immunohistochemical staining in 105 cases. Results The coincident calculus, polyp, adenoma in the mild chronic cholecystitis were 65.0%,17.1% and 0.5%, respectively. The coincident calculus, polyp, adenoma and malignant neoplasms in the moderate chronic cholecystitis were 70.1%, 19.4%, 3.7% and 2.2%. The coincident calculus, polyp, adenoma and malignant neoplasms in the severe chronic cholecystitis were 88.0%, 26.4%, 24.2% and 9.9%. The positive expression rates of PCNA in mild, moderate and severe chronic cholecystitis were 12.3%, 17.5% and 38.7%, respectively. The results showed that the pathological degree of chronic cholecystitis was obviously related to the coincidence of calculus, polyp, adenoma, malignant neoplasms. Conclusions Severe chronic cholecystitis is a high-risk lesion of gallbladder carcinoma,it should be removed surgically.

Objective To assess the relationship between type 2 diabetes and the risk of kidney cancer. Methods PubMed, Medline, CNKI and VIP were used to identify studies which regarded the relationship between type 2 diabetes and risk of kidney cancer up to July 2014. The relative risks (RRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence interals (CIs) were used to estimate the association between type 2 diabetes and the risk of kidney cancer through software STATA. Results 8 studies were included in this analysis. Compared to the popula-tion without type 2 diabetes, there was an increased risk of kidney cancer in the type 2 diabetes patients, the pooled RR (95%CI) was 1. 55 (1. 24,1. 92),P<0. 05. Conclusion Our meta-analysis suggestes that type 2 diabetes can increase the risk of kidney cancer.

Objctive: To study the inhibitory effects of homoharringtonine(HHT) or methoxsalen (8-MOP) or in combinnation on humen highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma Mc3 cells. Methods: Mc3 cells were exposed to the drugs or their combination at various concentrations. The inhibitory effects were tested with MTT assay. Results: The IC 50 values of HHT and 8-MOP were 79.43 ng/ml and 5 980 ng/ml respectively, HHT at the doses of 1-320 ng/ml combined with 8-MOP at 800, 4 000 and 20 000 ng/ml the CI 50 values were 0.76?0.33 and 0.15 respectively.Conclution: The data indicate that combination of HHT with 8-MOP is synergic in the inhibition of Mc3 cell growth.

Furthering healthcare reform calls for public hospitals to curb unreasonable growth of medical expenses,reduce drug proportion,and lower the costs of medical materials consumed per 100 RMB medical income.In view of the hospital,the authors established a data-based monitoring system for key indicators of medical consumables,formulated an evaluation scheme of rational use,and implemented the corresponding control measures,which provide a reference for scientific control of clinical rational use of the medical consumables.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the status of acute upper respiratory infection and influenza-like illness (ILI) among community residents in Jinan in 2015, and to make a understand of the patient's medical treatment behavior and influenza vaccination coverage status in 2014.

METHODSBalloting method and convenient sampling method were used to launch a household survey. The residents who had been in Jinan for more than 3 months were selected, to investigate the residents' attack ratio of acute upper respiratory and influenza-like from Jan. 8 to Feb. 7, 2015. Totally, 1 300 persons from 410 families were involved in this survey which recovered 1 241 valid questionnaires with the efficiency of 95.5%. Based on the national age-urban demographic statistics in 2010, the attack rates of acute respiratory infections, influenza-like illness were estimated by the direct standardization method, and the influenza vaccination rates were also calculated in this study. χ(2)-test method was used to compare the different status of incidence and vaccination among residents with different features.

RESULTSThe attack rate of acute upper respiratory infection and influenza-like illness in Jinan from January 8, 2015 to February 7, 2015 were 30.2% (375 cases), and 6.1% (76 cases), respectively, with a standardized rate of 29.1% and 5.4%. 5.3% (66 cases) of the residents have vaccinated with the influenza vaccine inoculation, with an adjusted rate of 3.8%. The attack rate difference of acute upper respiratory tract infections was statistically significant between each age group (χ(2)=17.121, P= 0.002). The 0-4 age group had a highest attack rate (45.4%) of acute respiratory infection, while the 15-24 age group got the lowest (26.5%). 38.9% (146 cases) of patients went for a treatment in hospital. Among them, 37.7% (55 cases) of them selected the county level hospitals for treatment, 37.7% (55 cases) selected the community level hospitals, and 24.6% (36 cases) selected the individual clinic. Significant differences of influenza-like illness attack rate between each age group were also found in this study (χ(2)=76.79, P<0.001). 0-4 age group had the highest attack rate (22.7%). 81.6% (62 cases) of the ILI sought treatment in the hospital, of which 53.2% (33 cases) selected county level hospital or above, and 33.9% (21 cases) selected community hospital, and 12.9% (8 cases) selected the individual clinic.

CONCLUSIONThe attack rate of acute upper respiratory infections among the residents of Jinan was high, whereas that of influenza-like illness was relatively low. 0-4 age group had a higher risk of ILI than other age groups. Most of the cases were likely to take the treatment in large hospitals. In general, the coverage rate of influenza vaccination was relatively low.

Ambulatory Care Facilities ; China ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vaccination ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To investigate the correlations of P2Y12 gene polymorphisms with clopidogrel resistance and long-term outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods From June 2015 to June 2017, consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital were enrolled. Thromboelastography was used to measure platelet inhibition rate and assess clopidogrel resistance. Polymerase chain reaction was used to assay C34T and G52T polymorphisms of P2Y12 gene. The patients were followed up at 12 months after discharge. The primary outcome was combined outcome of stroke recurrence, myocardial infarction, and death due to cardiocerebrovascular events. Results A total of 214 patients were enrolled, 51 (23.8%) had clopidogrel re-sistance and 29 (13.4%) had major outcome events. One hundred twenty-eight (59.8%) patients were C34T CC genotype and 86 (40.2%) were CT+TT genotype. The proportion of clopidogrel resistance in patients with CT+TT genotype was significantly higher than that with CC genotype ( 76.5% vs.28.8%;χ2=25.672, P=0.001). There were 131 patients (61.2%) with G52T GG genotype and 83 (38.8%) with GT+TT genotype. There was no significant difference in the proportion of clopidogrel resistance between the GT+TT genotype and the GG genotype (43.1% vs.37.4%; χ2=0.534, P=0.465). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that age (odds ratio [OR] 1.064, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.009-1.115;P=0.021), diabetes ( OR 3.773, 95%CI 1.672-8.475; P=0.004), and C34T CT+TT genotype ( OR 9.087, 95%CI 4.416-22.665; P=0.002) were the independent risk factors fot clopidogrel resistance. Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that age (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.058, 95%CI 1.001-1.121; P=0.049), hypertension ( HR 3.105, 95%CI 1.149-9.523; P=0.028), homocysteine ( HR 1.101, 95%CI 1.020-1.190; P=0.014), and C34T CT+TT genotype ( HR 2.588, 95%CI 1.121-5.967; P=0.026) were independent risk factors for the composite outcome. Conclusion C34T polymorphism of P2Y12 gene in patients with acute ischemic stroke may be a risk factor for clopidogrel resistance and is independently associated with the risk of long-term recurrence of vascular events.