Objective Many researches have demonstrated the lowing-intraocular pressure(IOP) effects of bimatoprost and timolol.However,no powerful evidence showed which drug has the better efficacy.This study was to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of bimatoprost compared with latanoprost in lowing IOP.MethodsThis was a evidence-based medicine science study.Pertinent studies were identified through searches of PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Liberary Controlled Trials Register and Chinese Biomedicine Database using the terms of timolol,blocardren,temserin,timoptic,bimatoprost,lumigan.The intensive searching by hand and up to October 1,2008 was also designed.ResultsSix randomized and controlled studies enrolling a total of 2 094 patients were included in the meta-analysis and three clinical indexes were analyzed.Bimatoprost was associated with greater decline value from baseline IOP in comparison with timolol(P＜0.01) with a weight mean difference -2.04 at final point(95% CI:-2.44 to -1.64).Numerically greater proportions of bimatoprost patients than timolol patients achieved the target IOP at 3 months(from 3 literature) and ＞6 months(from 2 literature) with a pooled RR of 1.87(95% CI:1.45 to 2.41),1.60(95% CI:1.36 to 1.90) (P＜0.01),respectively.Bimatoprost showed a more frequencies in the adverse effects such as conjunctival hyperemia and eyelash growth than timolol with an RR of 4.18 (95% CI:2.89 to 6.05),9.40 (95% CI:5.62 to 15.71).No obvious drug-related side effect was found from literature analysis included both drugs.Conclusion Searched literature offers grade A of evidences for the comparison clinical evaluation of therapy efficacy between bimatoprost and timolol in lowing IOP.Bimatoprost has a better efficacy in lowering IOP and reaching comparable proportions of patients with target IOP than timolol.Both agents are well tolerated.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of 2000 ArthroCare System in knee arthroscopic surgery. Methods 221 cases of knee problems were treated with 2000ArthroCare System. The disorders of the 221 cases diagnosed by the arthroscopy were as follows: 73 cases of osteoarthritis, 49 meniscus tear, 29 degenerative cartilage injury, 11 plica synovitis, 11 Kaschin Beck disease, 8 ACL, 5 osteochondritis dissecans, and 2 TKA brisement. The operative procedures, such as meniscectomy, meniscoplasty, fitting of cartilage and ligament, synovectomy, and release of lateral patellar retinaculum, were done with 2000ArthroCare System and arthroscopy. Results The Lysholm Knee scores were 43.92 preoperatively, 81.96 three months postoperatively, and 92.06 six months postoperatively. Conclusion Knee problems can be effectively released with 2000 ArthroCare system vaporization under arthroscopic guidance. The advantages of this procedure are very limited tissue damage, mild reaction, less blood loss, early rehabilitation, and fine functional recovery.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of overweight and obesity intervention in the health-promoting school model and to provide reference for effective prevention and control of overweight and obesityin middle Schools. Methods: Using stratified cluster random sampling, 10 middle schools in Sanmenxia City were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. In the intervention group and the control group, one middle school and one high school were randomly selected. The students from the two classes randomly selected in the first and second grades in the four schools that were selected, the questionnaire survey and medical examination was conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the intervention effect. Results: After intervention, the ratio of overweight and obesity of the intervention group decreased from 22.70% before intervention to 17.45%, statistical significance(χ 2=4.11, P<0.05), and the ratio of overweight and obesity of the control group increased from 22.39% before intervention to 22.91%, no significant difference(P>0.05). After the intervention, the response rates of limiting red meat, fried food and sugarsweetened beverages were all higher than those before the intervention, the differences were statistically significant (χ 2=125.73, 10.69, 208.55, 170.66, 50.01, P<0.01). Conclusion The comprehensive intervention measures of overweight and obesity in the model of health promotion school can encourage students to develop healthy behaviors and effectively prevent and control middle school students from overweight and obesity, and it is easy to form a long-term intervention mechanism.

Objective:To retrospectively observe the effect of oxycodone on acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 404 patients undergoing thoracoscopic thoracic surgery under combined general anesthesia at the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from April 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. They were divided into A group ( n=99, oxycodone group) and B group ( n=305, control group) based on whether oxycodone was used during the surgery. The two groups of patients were further matched 1∶1 using the nearest neighbor matching method. We compared the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of activity and resting pain and the incidence of moderate to severe pain between two groups of patients 24 hours after surgery, and observed the incidence and severity of pain related adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, itching, and dizziness. Resultsl:After matching the propensity scores of the two groups of patients, the balance was good ( SMD<0.20). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) grade, surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, and the use of antiemetics and analgesics during the perioperative period (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, patients in the group A had a resting VAS [(2.03±1.61)points vs (1.62±1.31)points, P=0.049], and activity VAS [(4.13±1.72)points vs (3.51±1.79)points, P=0.013] was even lower, and the incidence of moderate to severe pain (VAS≥4) during activity was lower [59.6%(59/99) vs 37.4%(37/99), P=0.003]. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of analgesic related adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Intravenous injection of oxycodone can effectively alleviate acute pain in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery within 24 hours, and reduce the incidence of moderate to severe pain during activity.

Background Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are emerging synthetic insecticides that have been used in various pest management regimens worldwide as alternatives to conventional insecticides. Recently, several studies have indicated that humans are widely exposed to NEOs, but limited is known about the levels and associated health risks of NEOs exposure among children. Objective To estimate exposure levels of four kinds of NEOs in urine samples among 5-year-old children from Laizhou Wan, Shandong Province, and to evaluate health risks of single and cumulative exposure to NEOs among children in this area. Methods A total of 205 children who participated in the 5-year-old follow-up in Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort (LWBC) were included. Urinary concentrations of four NEOs [imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE), clothianidin (CLO), and thiamethoxam (THM)] were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Based on the detected NEOs concentrations, estimated daily intake (EDI) was calculated, and the health risk of exposure to single NEO was assessed using hazard quotient (HQ, risk threshold=1). A relative potency factor (RPF) approach was used to standardize the concentrations of the four NEOs by IMI to calculate their cumulative concentrations. Then, the health risk of cumulative exposure to the four NEOs was further evaluated based on the HQ method. Results The detection rates of the four NEOs in the 5-year-old children were all above 90%, and their median creatinine-adjusted urinary concentrations were in the order from high to low as follows: CLO (1.373 μg·g⁻¹) > THM (0.628 μg·g⁻¹) > IMI (0.310 μg·g⁻¹) > ACE (0.073 μg·g⁻¹). Of the four NEOs, the median EDI of IMI was 0.035 µg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹, higher than those of CLO (0.032 µg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), THM (0.012 µg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), and ACE (0.002 µg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹). The maximum HQ values of IMI, CLO, THM, and ACE were 0.168, 0.152, 0.055, and 0.022, respectively, which were all far lower than the risk threshold of 1. The median concentration of cumulative exposure to the four NEOs standardized by IMI was 21.241 μg·g⁻¹, and its median EDI was 2.370 µg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹. The maximum HQ of cumulative exposure to the four NEOs was only 0.694, which also did not exceed the risk threshold of 1. Conclusion NEOs exposure is common among the 5-year-old children in Laizhou Wan, Shandong. Although there is no obvious health risk associated with single and cumulative exposure to NEOs in the children in this area, their exposure levels of NEOs are higher than those in some foreign areas. The adverse health effects of long-term exposure to low dose of NEOs deserve our extensive attention.