Objective To study the thyroid volume(TV) of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and the iodine intake and the factors associated with the goiter of patients with AITD.Methods Questionnaires,physical examination,urinary iodine concentration and thyroid B ultrasound were performed in cases of newly diagnosed patients with AITD.Result The TV of patients with AITD did not associated with the urinary iodine concentration (P ＞ 0.05).The TV associated with patients gender and age and goiter of palpation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The U-shape relation did not show between iodine and goiter in patients with AITD.The goiter of patients with AITD did not associated with the iodine intake.

Objective:To develop the instrument for the evaluation of the report quality of clinical trials with the modified Delphi method in combination with panel discussions, and assess its validity and reliability. Method: For the development of the instrument, the modified Delphi method in combination with a panel discussion was applied. The consulting panel included pharmacologists, clinical doctors, epidemiologists, statisticians and editors of journal. 30 reports for the therapy of hypertension published in 2000 were selected for the estimation of the instrument of the validity and reliability. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test the reliability. The CONSORT statement was used as a control, and a Kendall correlation was worked out to estimate the validity. Result:A total of 10 specialists took part in the consultation. During the first round of consultation, the expert harmonious coefficient (W) reached to 0. 505 and 19 items were identified. A total of 100 scores were distributed to the 19 items in the second round, and finally the scale was completed. After scoring the 30 reports on hypertension therapy by two readers independently, the interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the total score were 0.921,and 0.987 in the introduction part, 0.875 in materials and methods, 0.902 in results, and 0.966 in the discussion and others, P

Objective:To investigate the strategies and methods of pancreatic cancer immunotherapy adopt cytotoxic T lymphocytes activated by dendritic cells(DCs),which modified by heat shock protein 70 peptide complex(HSP70-PC).Methods:HSP70 peptide complex from lumps of tumor-bearing mouse innoculated with pancreas cancer cell(MPC83)were purified by ConA-Sepharose and ADP-Agarose affinity chromatography.Dendritic cells derived from normal murine bone marrow were induced by GM-CSF and IL-4.MTT method was applied to analyses the proliferation activities of DCs.To achieve the specific T lymphocyte cells,DCs modified with HSP70 peptide complex were coculture with murine spleen lymphocytes for 48 hours.Then these activated lymphocytes were cocultured with MPC83 at ratio of effect-target 10∶1 and 20∶1 in vitro and the killing activities were detected by MTT method.Results:High purify HSP70-PC was obtained;104 DCs need 50～100ng of HSP70-PC to modify,100?g of HSP70-PC peptide complex can be extracted from per 1g lump;T cells stimulated by HSP70-PC modify DCs showed more specific cytotoxic activity to MPC83 than lymphocytes activated by DCs without HSP70-PC in vitro.Conclusion:We can extract high purity HSP70-PC for clinical individual immunotherapy from pancreatic cancer lump by using hypobaric affinity chromatography;DCs vaccine modified with HSP70-PC has significant kill effect against pancreatic cancer cell in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo develop a nestin transgenic mice and study the distribution of nestin expression in the organs.

METHODSThe three segments of nestin in full-length cDNA was amplified using human glioma cell line U251 cDNA as the template and cloned into the vector pBROAD3 containing a strong promoter ROSA26. The constructed vector, after identification with restriction enzyme and sequencing and removal of the prokaryotic sequences, were purified and injected into the fertilized eggs of mice. Transgenic mice were identified by PCR and the founder was maintained. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of nestin of the F3 transgenic mice and the wild-type ones in the vital organs (heart, lung, brain and kidney).

RESULTSThe Nestin transgenic vector controlled by ROSA26 promoter was successfully constructed and validated by sequencing. Among the 34 newborn mice, 2 founders were tested to be nestin-positive by PCR. Westem blot analysis showed that the F3 transgenic mice expressed high levels of nestin in the brain and lungs.

CONCLUSIONNestin transgenic mice have been successfully established with stable nestin expression in the brain and lungs of the offspring mice, which can be useful for studying the functions of nestin in tumor metastasis, stemness maintenance and differentiation of cells.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Nestin ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Untranslated ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo establish transgenic mice with GFP expression in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization.

METHODSThe vector nestin-hsp68-gfp containing nestin second intron was introduced into U251 cells and the expression level of GFP was detected by fluorescence microscopy. Transgenic mice were produced by microinjection. The genome of the offspring mice was screened by PCR, and GFP expression in the vascular endothelium was detected using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThirteen offspring mice were obtained and 2 of them were positive for GFP in the vascular endothelium as detected by PCR. GFP was detected in the offspring mice both at the embryonic stage and after birth.

CONCLUSIONSThe transgenic mice with GFP expression in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization have been successfully established.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Base Sequence ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; genetics ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Nestin

Objective To investigate the value of "one-stop" scanning of coronary and head and neck CTA in patients with normal body mass index (18 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2) using low tube voltage (80 kVp).Methods In a retrospective analysis 80 patients with normal body mass index who had completed "one-stop" scanning of coronary and head and neck CTA were divided into A and B groups according to different scanning method,and 40 consecutive cases were selected in each group.Scanning parameters of group A and group B were tube voltage 80 kV,coronary CTA tube current 550 mA,head and neck CTA tube current 500 mA,and tube voltage 100 kV,coronary CTA tube current 450 mA,head and neck CTA tube current 400 mA separately.Subjective evaluation and objective evaluation were performed on the image quality of the two groups.CT values of coronary artery and head and neck CTA trunk branch vessel,contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR),image noise (SD) and effective dose between the two groups were compared.Results The image quality of both groups met the diagnostic requirements,and there was no statistically significant difference in subjective scores between two groups (P＞0.05).The CT values of coronary arteries,the main branches of the head and neck (the common carotid artery,the internal carotid artery) and SD of head and neck CTA were significantly different between two groups (t=4.737,6.552,3.359,2.165,2.685,4.617,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in SD of coronary CTA,CT values and CNR between head and neck vessels (middle cerebral artery) in group A and group B (P＞0.05).The effective dose of coronary CTA in group A (1.16±0.20) mSy was reduced by 51.1％ than that in group B (2.37±0.77) mSv.The effective dose of head and neck CTA in group A (0.37±0.03) mSv was reduced by 47.9％ than that in group B (0.71 ± 0.17) mSv.Conclusions The image quality with subjective evaluation met the diagnostic requirements when using a low-tube voltage for "one-stop"scanning of coronary and head and neck CTA.The CNR values were basically consistent with the conventional scanning method,and the patient effective dose was reduced by about 50％.

Strengthening the supervision over the use of large-scale medical equipment is an effective means to improve the efficiency of equipment use and the quality of medical services, and it is an important part of promoting the construction of the Healthy China and the development of health undertakings. Through four stages of preliminary demand investigation, intelligent collection of data, intelligent analysis and evaluation, and continuous improvement, a large-scale medical equipment intelligent management platform was built in our hospital. Real-time data collection, interconnection, analysis and evaluation were achieved, which could help the use and supervision, improve efficiency and effectiveness, and optimize the evaluation system.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of primary urethral cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 35 patients with primary urethral cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2011 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 males (34.3%) and 23 females (65.7%). The average age was 61.1 ± 13.0 years old. The clinical symptoms included 13 cases of urethral obstruction (37.1%), 7 cases of hematuria (20.0%), 6 cases of urethral bleeding (17.1%), 5 cases of urinary tract irritation (14.3%), 1 case of Urinary incontinence (2.9%), 1 case of low back pain (2.9%), 1 case of scrotal ulcer (2.9%), and 1 case (2.9%) by self examination. All patients underwent cystourethroscopy and tissue biopsy. The biopsy pathology showed 16 cases of urothelial carcinoma, 7 cases of squamous carcinoma, 4 cases of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of malignant melanoma, 1 case of urothelial carcinoma with squamous carcinoma, 1 case of Signet ring cell carcinoma, 1 case of sarcomatoid carcinoma, 1 case of embryonic Rhabdomyosarcoma, and 1 case of epithelioid angiosarcoma. The tumors were located in the proximal urethra in 13 cases (37.1%) and in the distal urethra in 22 cases (62.9%). There were 14 cases (40.0%) with a maximum diameter of less than 3 cm, 16 cases (45.7%) with a diameter of ≥ 3 cm, and 5 cases (14.3%) with mucosal abnormalities. There were 12 cases of T 1 stage, 9 cases of T 2 stage, 7 cases of T 3 stage, and 7 cases of T 4 stage in tumor staging. Imaging evaluation of lymph nodes showed 25 cases of N 0 stage, 2 cases of N 1 stage, and 8 cases of N 2 stage; A total of 11 cases of lymph node biopsy were performed (including 8 cases of intraoperative lymph node dissection and 3 cases of preoperative lymph node biopsy), of which 6 cases had lymph node metastasis, and 1 case was initially diagnosed with distant metastasis. Thirty-one cases underwent surgical treatment, of which 16 cases underwent radical urethrectomy, and 8 cases underwent intraoperative pelvic and bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection, 8 cases underwent resection of urethral tumors, and 7 cases underwent transurethral resection of tumors. Four cases did not undergo surgical treatment, while 1 case had epithelioid angiosarcoma and received radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, 2 cases received chemotherapy with GC (Gemcitabine+ cisplatin) regimen, and 1 case received immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The risk factors that affected patient prognosis were analyzed. Results:All 35 cases in this group were followed up, with a median follow-up time of 22 (2, 122) months. Seventeen cases survived, 18 cases died, and the overall median survival duration was 23 (13 to not reached) months. The overall 5-year survival rate was 45%. The results of univariate analysis showed that clinical T-stage ( P=0.019), maximum tumor diameter ( P=0.016), and tumor location ( P=0.006) were independent risk factors affecting patient prognosis. Result of multivariate analysis showed that the maximum diameter of the tumor ≥ 3 cm ( HR=2.673, P=0.029) and the proximal location of the tumor ( HR=3.064, P=0.023) were independent risk factors affecting patient survival. Gender, age, treatment method, lymph node dissection, adjuvant radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, clinical manifestations, pathological type, clinical N staging, and pathological N staging had no significant impact on patient survival rate ( P>0.05). Single factor analysis was conducted on female patients separately, and only tumor location was found to be a prognostic factor ( χ2=17.246, P<0.01). Conclusions:Primary urethral cancer is a rare disease with various symptoms and poor prognosis. The maximum diameter of the tumor ≥3 cm and the tumor located at the proximal end of the urethra are clinical risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with primary urethral cancer.

Objective:To explore the clinicopathological features and prognosis of renal mucinous tubular spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC).Methods:The clinical data of 16 patients with MTSCC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2013 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were six male cases and ten female cases. The mean age was (56.4±11.4) years old. Among them, 10 cases were asymptomatic, two complained of hematuria, three complained of lumbar pain, and one complained of lower limb pain. Twelve cases underwent preoperative enhanced CT examination, 6 cases of ultrasound examination, 3 cases of MRI examination, and 1 case of bone scan. Imaging manifestations showed that the masses were round or round-like with clear borders. Two cases combined with hemorrhage and three cases combined with calcification. Five cases showed exophytic growth, 10 cases partially exophytic, and 1 case completely endophytic. The maximum diameter of the tumor was (65.7±27.4) mm. The tumors were located in the left kidney in 11 cases and in the right kidney in 5 cases. The tumors were mildly delayed-enhancing under enhanced CT, long/short T1 signal mixed with long/short T2 signal under MRI, and diffusion-limited high signal under DWI. The tumors were hypoechoic masses without obvious blood flow signals under ultrasound. Twelve cases were diagnosed as renal occupying neoplasms, 2 cases were suggested as lack of blood supply renal tumor, and one was considered renal tumor rupture and bleeding. In one case, a bone scan suggested metastasis to the thoracic spine and pelvis. The metastatic renal tumor was diagnosed, and a renal puncture was performed to clarify the pathology. Eleven patients underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and 4 patients underwent partial nephrectomy. One case was metastasized without surgery and treated with apatinib mesylate and zoledronic acid.Results:The postoperative pathological specimens showed grayish, grayish-yellow, or grayish-red masses with a soft or medium texture. No perinephric, ureteral, or adrenal invasion was seen in all tumors. Microscopically, the tumor cells were round and ovoid. The tumor cells were arranged in tubular and striated shapes, and mucus pools were locally visible. No sarcomatous component was seen in all tumors. There were 9 patients with pT 1N 0M 0, 6 patients with pT 2N 0M 0, and 1 patient with pT 1N 0M 1. After operation, 2 patients with pT 2N 0M 0, who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy were treated with pazopanib and sunitinib, respectively. All patients were followed up for a median of 50.7(25.8, 75.0)months, 15 patients were free of recurrent metastases, and 1 patient with pre-puncture metastasis died due to tumor progression of multiple pulmonary and bone metastases, with a survival of 16.9 months. Conclusions:Renal MTSCC is rare, mostly found on physical examination, with female patients predominantly, and imaging shows a lack of blood supply tumor. Surgery is the primary treatment method. Partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy could be chosen according to the tumor stage, kidney function, and patient's underlying condition, and patients have a good prognosis.

Objective To discuss the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of malignant melanoma of urinary system.Methods The clinical data of 5 patients with primary malignant melanoma of urinary system were retrospectively analyzed.There were 2 cases of primary melanona of the urethra,3 cases of primary malignant melanoma of the bladder.The diameter of the tumor ranged from 0.9 to 5.1 cm with an average of 3.1 cm.Results Two cases of urethral patients underwent radical resection of urethra.Among 3 cases of bladder,1 cases were in poor condition,and underwent laparoscopic partial cystectomy.In 1 young men,radical resection was refused and only transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed.Radical resection of bladder was done in 1 cases.Postoperative pathology showed that the tumor cells of 4 cases were fusiform under microscope,1 case was polygonal.5 cases showed melanin in the cytoplasm and diffuse proliferation of tumor cells,with obvious heterogeneity,cell proliferation index Ki-67 10％-30％.During the follow-up period of 7-30 months (median 19 months),3 patients died of metastasis.Conclusions Malignant melanona of urinary system is rare,with high malignancy and poor prognosis.Targeted therapy and immune therapy has become a new treatment option,which could improve the prognosis of patients.