Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of mumps.Methods The epidemiological characteristics,clinical manifestations and treatment of 198 cases with mumps were retrospectively analyzed.Results The onset age of mumps was less than 15 years old,men more than women,the crowd distribution was mainly the students,especially in winter,spring and summer.The clinical characteristics were as following:corresponding parotid gland enlargement occurred at the onset of mumps,some of the patients may be accompany by fever,nausea,vomiting,chest tightness,palpitation,or had the performance of the headache,dizziness,muscle weakness,sleepiness and nervous system complications.The results of laboratory tests showed that white blood cell(WBC) of most patients was in the normal range; blood,urine amylase obviously increased; a few cases with abnormal myocardial enzyme spectrum and liver function.Chest X-ray and electrocardiogram(ECG) were normal.4 cases had EEG abnormality.All cases received ribavirin antiviral treatment,and were given corresponding symptomatic treatment to the complications,all patients recovered.Conclusion Epidemiological characteristics were local epidemic,obvious seasonal difference,the student was the main body.Common complications were encephalitis,gland inflammation,myocarditis,hepatitis,etc.,mumps vaccine should be advocated in the students.

Objective To understand the protective effects of children after hepatitis B vaccine immunization since 1992,when the hepatitis B vaccine into childhood immunization strategy .Methods Hospitalized children from venous blood,using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),to investigate and analyze the immune status based hepatitis B immune of hospitalized children (Infection,Pediatric),by five indicators of hepatitis B as the judgment standard.Results The total anti-HBs-positive rate was 55.05%,including infection anti-HBs-positive rate 52.18%, the pediatric anti-HBs-positive rate 55.92%.Male anti-HBs positive rate was 54.17%,the female anti-HBs positive rate was 56.6%,there was no statistical significance among departments and sexs (P>0.05).Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination is the effective control means for hepatitis B ,however,the anti-HBs positive rate is low in this region after hepatitis B vaccine immunization ,needed to reseed .

Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most common side effect of opioid. OIC influences the quality of life of pa-tients suffering from cancer pain. However, given that the drug is often overlooked and underappreciated, most of the time, the patients would avoid or abandon using opioid and, as a result, they continuously suffer from cancer pain. Therefore, OIC prevention and man-agement must be made before opioid use. The consensus on the diagnosis of OIC has only been reached recently. Thus, a unified defini-tion of OIC must be developed to exchange therapeutic option among departments in hospitals and compare treatment outcome. The di-agnosis of OIC is discussed, and the management of OIC, including medicinal and non-medicinal treatment, is summarized. Mean-while, the initial program for prevention and treatment of OIC is established to make OIC management more convenient for clinical physicians. Much work is still needed to establish a consensus on OIC diagnosis and a suitable program for prevention and treatment of OIC.

Objective To evaluate the serum Krebs von den Lungen (KL)-6 for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD) and its lung-CT subtypes.Methods Seventy-five CTD patients were employed for this study,44 CTD with ILD and 31 ILD without ILD.The 44 CTD patients with ILD were further divided into different subgroups based on lung-CT imaging and clinical indexes.The enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum KL-6 level.For those data that was abnormally distributed,the differences between groups was compared with independent samples nonparametric tests.Results The level of serum KL-6 in the CTD with ILD was significantly higher than that without ILD [(1 118±877) U/ml vs (253±144) U/ml] (Z=-6.047,P＜0.01).By using a criterion of 500 U/ml,our data suggested that the serum KL-6 level was useful for the ILD-CTD diagnosis;the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 72.7％,87.1％,88.9％ and 69.2％,respectively.The serum KL-6 level,however,showed no statistical differences between ILD subtypes,i.e.,usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP),nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and indeterminate [(1 104±843) U/ml,(1 242±1 039) U/ml,(815±400) U/ml,respectively] (x2=0.35,P=0.84).Our data further showed that the KL-6 level was significantly higher in CTD-ILD patients with intensive lung lesions than those with limited lung lesions [(1 910±918) U/ml vs (459±268) U/ml] (Z=-4.364,P＜0.01).In addition,the KL-6 level was significantly higher in active ILDs than in inactive ILDs[(1 478±917) U/ml vs (598±475) U/ml] (Z=-3.915,P＜0.01).Conclusion The serum KL-6 is a valuable biomarker for CTD-ILD diagnosis and even for the assessment of the extent and activity of lung damage.

ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of mechanical ventilation time in esophageal cancer patients with lung infection after operation.Methods55 esophageal cancer patients with lung infection after operation requiring endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation were included.According to duration of mechanical ventilation time, ＜ 7 days for early weaned from ventilator group, ＞ 7 days for late weaning group.60 esophageal cancer patients with lung infection after operation without mechanical ventilation served as controls.Various factors on the impact of mechanical ventilation were compared.ResultsEarly and late weaning patients were older than control group(P ＜ 0.05), particularly in late weaning patients(P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control, FEV1 and MVV decreased significantly in early weaning patients(P ＜ 0.05).NFGNB infection in late weaning patients significantly increased than in early weaning patients and the control(all P ＜ 0.01).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that FEV1 was independent factors affecting early weaning (P ＜ 0.01), age (P ＜ 0.05) and NFGNB infection (P ＜0.01) affecting late weaning.ConclusionThe influencing factors of mechanical ventilation time in esophageal cancer patiens with lung infection after operation were FEV1 decreasing,age and NFGNB infection.

To detect the expression of p16 protein and Ki-67 antigen in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma(MALTL)and normal gastric mucosa and to investigate the clinical significance of their expression in the occurrence and development of gastric MALTL.Methods 47 samples of gastric MALTL diagnosed pathologically in the department of pathology of the PLA General Hospital from March 1993 to June 2005 were collected.By using immunohistochemial methods,the expression of p16 protein and Ki-67 antigen was detected in 20 samples of normal gastric tissue and the 47 samples of gastric MALTL.Results The positive rate of p16 protein Was 21.3%(10/47)and 90.0% in gastric MALTL and normal gastric tissue respectively.The positive rate of p16 protein in gastric MALTL was lower than that in normal gastric tissue(P<0.05).The expression of p16 was related to the degree of lymph node metastasis.The positive rate of Ki-67 labelling index(LI)in gnstric MALTL was hiigher than that in normal gastric tissue.A negative correlation was found between the expression of p16 protein and Ki-67 LI(P<0.05). Conclusions Detection p16 and Ki-67 may help to predict the possibility of lymph node metastasis and prognosis in gastric MALTL.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic BuMA biodegradable drug eluting coronary stent in elderly coronary heart disease patients over 75 years old with shortened duration of clopidogrel treatment. Methods 100 elderly patients who received coronary angiography and PCI were included, and they were randomly divided into the observation group ( n=50, received oral clopidogrel for 9 months) and the control group (n=50, received oral clopidogrel for 12 months). The occurance of angina pectoris, AMI, bleeding events and the results of control angiography were compared between the two groups after 12 months of follow-up. Results All the 100 patients were followed up in 12 months after discharge. 4 patients ( 8. 0%) in the observation group and 3 patients ( 6. 0%) in the control group had recurrent angina. Control coronary angiography 12 months later showed no restenosis in the stents. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the recurrence of angina pectoris and coronary stent restenonsis. No acute myocardial infarction,cliniacl bleeding events and late stent thrombosis occurred in the two groups. Conclusions The application of the domestic BuMA biodegradable drug eluting stent for the treatment of coronary heart disease patients over 75 years old is safe and effective with shortened duration of clopidogel treatment.

The unexpected discovery of cervical cancer ( UDCC) rarely occurs in clinics .Because it is di-agnosed by pathology after surgery ,the therapies are different from ordinary cervical cancer .In addition,the choice of the timing of surgery and other issues are also involved .The patient received the hysterectomy due to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III and uterine fibroids .Postoperative pathology examination showed cervical microinva-sive carcinoma,stage IA1,and pathology without lymph -vessel invasion involvement ,the patient needs to be fol-lowed up closely postopertation .One case of the unexpected discovery of cervical cancer was reported in this pa -per.The aim is to provide a reference for clinical management .

Objective To observe the efficacy of telmisartan in treatment of congestive heart failure.Methods 87 patients with chronic congestive heart failure(CHF),who had unsatisfactory results under conventional digitals,diuretics and vasodilators therapy,were given telmisartan 40～80mg orally once a day for 4 week.The changes of clinical effects and cardiac function were observed.Results 4 weeks after treatment,the clinical total effective rate were 99%.Left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVDs),left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVDd) improved,stroke volume(SV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),cardiac output(CO) and cardiac index(CI) increased significantly.Aldosterone decreased obviously(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the anticoagulants on PRP quality, so as to clarify the appropriate anticoagulant used in PRP production.

METHODSThe microstructure change of platelets collected via heparin, citrate, acid citrate dextrose (ACD) and citrate-theophylline-adenosine-dipyridamole ( CTAD) was observed by TEM following time course. The extent of spontaneous activation of platelets in four groups was detected by measuring sP-selectin in plasma. The TGF-β1 release amount of activated PRP of four groups was measured.

RESULTSCTAD is superior to other anticoagulants in maintaining the integrity of platelet structures for a long time and preventing platelet spontaneous activation. ACD slightly surpassed heparin and citrate in above two aspects. ACD-PRP and CTAD-PRP released significantly more TGF-β1 compared with heparin and citrate.

CONCLUSIONSThe PRP quality and biological effects were strongly associated with the type of Anticoagulants. ACD and CTAD are optimal anticoagulants in PRP production for they can maintain platelet viability at a high level.

Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; physiology ; Citrates ; pharmacology ; Citric Acid ; pharmacology ; Dipyridamole ; pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Glucose ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Heparin ; pharmacology ; Platelet Activation ; drug effects ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Theophylline ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism