Murine bone marrow cells were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen with programmable freezing system as a source of hematopoietic cells to transplant into irradiated recipients for the treatment of hematopoietic failure. The results showed that CFU-GM in graft was slightly affected by freezing with a recovery of 75.7%, but CFU-S which act as major role in hematopoietic recons-titution was not obviously injuried (recovery of 126.7%). In the transplantation study, the frozen-thawed bone marrow cells gained survival rate of 43.6% which was slightly higher than obtained by fresh cells, suggesting that cryopreserved bone marrow cells still have intact hematopoietic reconstructive ability. For the purpose of preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), chalone, an extract from calf spleen, was used in our studies and inhibited the early GVHD effectively.

Lymphocyte chalone was partially purified by ultrafiltration and chromatography on Sephadex G75. Its inhibitory effect on proliferation of T, B lymphocyte was demonstrated by [3H]-TdR incorporation method. In mouse bone marrow transplantation model, the treatment with lymphocyte chalone in vivo and in vitro was found to significantly improve the 30 d survival rate and prolong mean survival time, suggesting that it has an inhibitory effect on acute GVHD and is beneficial to H-2 incompatible bone marrow transplantation in mice.

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy prediction of the locally advanced rectal cancer patients, especially those with pathological complete response(pCR), receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in order to execute precise preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

METHODSFrom January 2000 to January 2011, 125 patients diagnosed as locally advanced rectal cancer receiving preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in our department with complete data were enrolled in this study, including 85 males and 40 females with mean age of 54(15 to 77) years old. All the patients received radiotherapy with 46 Gy(23 times) and administered XELOX regimen (oxaliplatin 100 mg/m(2) plus capecitabine 2 000 mg/m(2)) for 2 courses simultaneously, and underwent radical operation 6 to 8 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. The data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively. Pathological remission was divided into 4 grades. Patients achieving grade 4 were defined as pCR, and those achieving above grade 2 were defined as better response. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors of pCR.

RESULTSAmong 125 patients, 16(12.8%) achieved pCR status, and 90(72.0%) had better response to the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR:1.060, P=0.037) and preoperative positive lymph nodes detected by endorectal ultrasonography (OR:0.059, P=0.006) were independent predictors of pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative existence of lymph node metastasis around bowel indicates the poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Age is associated with pCR in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Capecitabine ; therapeutic use ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Deoxycytidine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rectal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinicopathological characteristics, efficacy, and prognostic factors for patients with rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST).

METHODSClinicopathological and follow-up data of 61 patients with rectal GIST in our department from January 1990 to October 2012 were analyzed retrospectively and pathology specimens were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the influencing factors of prognosis with Log-rank test and Cox regression model.

RESULTSThere were 42 male and 19 female patients with a median age of 59 years old. Eighteen cases(29.5%) were confirmed preoperatively as GIST by biopsy and 46 cases were diagnosed as GIST by first pathological examination. Fifteen cases(24.6%) were revised as GIST after re-examination of specimes among whom 14 cases had been diagnosed as leiomyoma or sarcoma, and 1 as neurolemmoma. Tumor location was above peritoneal reflection in 12 cases(19.7%) and below peritoneal reflection in 49(80.3%). Fifty-two patients underwent surgery, including 21 extended resections(lymph nodes clearance and combined organs resection simultaneously) and 31 local resections(tumor rejection or partial resection of rectal wall). Eleven patients received preoperative imatinib(400 mg/d). Forty-one cases received imatinib therapy after operation or biopsy diagnosis, including 25 cases who received palliative treatment for postoperative recurrence. Median follow-up time was 55(6 to 391) months and follow-up longer than 2 years was carried out in 46 patients. Overall survival rates of 1-, 2-, 3- , 5-year were 98%, 95.6%, 86.0% and 73.7% respectively. There were no significant differences between local resection group(96.4%, 92%, 83.3% and 77.3%) and extended resection group (100%, 94.7%, 89.50% and 82.6%)(χ(2)=0.004, P=0.947). Univariate analysis showed that survival was only associated with recurrence and metastasis (χ(2)=4.292, P=0.038). Multivariate Cox analysis showed postoperative survival was not associated with any factors(all P>0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis receiving imatinib therapy was better as compared to those who did not received imatinib(82.7% vs. 71.4%).

CONCLUSIONSRectal GIST are more common in the lower rectum. Surgery is the main treatment for rectal GIST. Local complete resection is the mainstay treatment. Extensive resection and lymph node clearance may not improve survival. Imatinib can improve the prognosis of patients with recurrence or metastasis.

Benzamides ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; therapy ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Piperazines ; Prognosis ; Pyrimidines ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo explore clinicopathologic characteristics, surgical features and prognostic factors in patients with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma(PGIL) in order to provide evidence for optimizing surgical treatment.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 57 PGIL patients undergoing abdominal surgery in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between October 1990 and January 2015 were retrospectively collected. The survival rates were compared among patients with different clinicopathologic characteristics by Kaplan-Meier method, while Cox regression model was employed to analyze the prognostic factors.

RESULTSAmong 57 patients, 43 were male and 14 were female, with a median age of 48 (range 16 to 80) years. Seventeen (29.8%) cases were classified as Musshoff I( stage, 19 (33.3%) cases as II( stage, 9 (15.8%) cases as III( stage, and 12(21.1%) cases as IIII( stage. Forty-four (77.2%) cases underwent selective operation, 13(22.8%) cases underwent emergent operation due to acute abdomen. Thirty-two(56.1%) cases had radical resection, 18 (31.6%) cases had partial resection and the rest 7(12.3%) cases failed to perform resection. Four (7.0%) cases received simple surgical operation, and 53 (93.0%) cases received comprehensive treatment, including 5(8.8%) cases with preoperative chemotherapy and surgery, 40 (70.2%) cases with surgery and postoperative chemotherapy, and 8 (14.0%) cases with surgery and perioperative chemotherapy. Stage III( and IIII( accounted for 76.9%(10/13) in patients undergoing emergent operation and accounted for 25.0%(11/44) in patients undergoing selective operation, whose difference was statistically significant (χ=9.503, P=0.002). Univariate prognostic analysis showed that T lymphocyte source pathological cell phenotype (P=0.000), clinical Musshoff stage III( and IIII((P=0.001), emergent operation (P=0.000) and incomplete tumor resection(P=0.007) had worse 5-year overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that tumor pathological cell phenotype (HR=13.75, 95%CI:3.546-53.308, P=0.000) and surgical timing (HR=7.497, 95%CI:1.163-48.313, P=0.034) were independent prognostic risk factors of patients with stage I( and II(.

CONCLUSIONSSurgical operation is an important part of comprehensive treatment for PGIL. T lymphocyte source and ulcerative lymphoma indicates poorer prognosis.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics, efficacy, and prognostic factors for patients with rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Methods Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 61 patients with rectal GIST in our department from January 1990 to Oc tober 2012 were analyzed retrospectively and pathology specimens were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the influencing factors of prognosis with Log-rank test and Cox regression model. Results There were 42 male and 19 female patients with a median age of 59 years old. Eighteen cases (29.5%) were confirmed preoperatively as GIST by biopsy and 46 cases were diagnosed as GIST by first pathological examination. Fifteen cases (24.6%) were revised as GIST after re-examination of specimes among whom 14 cases had been diagnosed as leiomyoma or sarcoma, and 1 as neurolemmoma. Tumor location was above peritoneal reflection in 12 cases (19.7%) and below peritoneal reflection in 49 (80.3%). Fifty-two patients underwent surgery, including 21 extended resections(lymph nodes clearance and combined organs resection simultaneously) and 31 local resections (tumor rejection or partial resection of rectal wall). Eleven patients received preoperative imatinib(400 mg/d). Forty-one cases received imatinib therapy after operation or biopsy diagnosis, including 25 cases who received palliative treatment for postoperative recurrence. Median follow-up time was 55 (6 to 391) months and follow-up longer than 2 years was carried out in 46 patients. Overall survival rates of 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-year were 98%, 95.6%, 86.0%and 73.7%respectively. There were no significant differences between local resection group (96.4%, 92%, 83.3%and 77.3%) and extended resection group (100%, 94.7%, 89.50%and 82.6%) (χ2=0.004, P=0.947). Univariate analysis showed that survival was only associated with recurrence and metastasis (χ2=4.292, P=0.038). Multivariate Cox analysis showed postoperative survival was not associated with any factors (all P>0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis receiving imatinib therapy was better as compared to those who did not received imatinib (82.7%vs. 71.4%). Conclusions Rectal GIST are more common in the lower rectum. Surgery is the main treatment for rectal GIST. Local complete resection is the mainstay treatment. Extensive resection and lymph node clearance may not improve survival. Imatinib can improve the prognosis of patients with recurrence or metastasis.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics, efficacy, and prognostic factors for patients with rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Methods Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 61 patients with rectal GIST in our department from January 1990 to Oc tober 2012 were analyzed retrospectively and pathology specimens were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the influencing factors of prognosis with Log-rank test and Cox regression model. Results There were 42 male and 19 female patients with a median age of 59 years old. Eighteen cases (29.5%) were confirmed preoperatively as GIST by biopsy and 46 cases were diagnosed as GIST by first pathological examination. Fifteen cases (24.6%) were revised as GIST after re-examination of specimes among whom 14 cases had been diagnosed as leiomyoma or sarcoma, and 1 as neurolemmoma. Tumor location was above peritoneal reflection in 12 cases (19.7%) and below peritoneal reflection in 49 (80.3%). Fifty-two patients underwent surgery, including 21 extended resections(lymph nodes clearance and combined organs resection simultaneously) and 31 local resections (tumor rejection or partial resection of rectal wall). Eleven patients received preoperative imatinib(400 mg/d). Forty-one cases received imatinib therapy after operation or biopsy diagnosis, including 25 cases who received palliative treatment for postoperative recurrence. Median follow-up time was 55 (6 to 391) months and follow-up longer than 2 years was carried out in 46 patients. Overall survival rates of 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-year were 98%, 95.6%, 86.0%and 73.7%respectively. There were no significant differences between local resection group (96.4%, 92%, 83.3%and 77.3%) and extended resection group (100%, 94.7%, 89.50%and 82.6%) (χ2=0.004, P=0.947). Univariate analysis showed that survival was only associated with recurrence and metastasis (χ2=4.292, P=0.038). Multivariate Cox analysis showed postoperative survival was not associated with any factors (all P>0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis receiving imatinib therapy was better as compared to those who did not received imatinib (82.7%vs. 71.4%). Conclusions Rectal GIST are more common in the lower rectum. Surgery is the main treatment for rectal GIST. Local complete resection is the mainstay treatment. Extensive resection and lymph node clearance may not improve survival. Imatinib can improve the prognosis of patients with recurrence or metastasis.

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab combined with preoperative chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases.MethodsClinical data of 89 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases admitted and treated in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between May 2009 and August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. According to the first-line chemotherapy regimens, the patients were divided into the bevacizumab combined with preoperative chemotherapy group (bevacizumab group,n=32) and the simple preoperative chemotherapy group (the chemotherapy group,n=57). Among the patients in the bevacizumab group, 24 were males and 8 were females with the age ranging from 29 to 74 years old and the median of 59 years old, 22 were with colon cancer and 10 were with rectal cancer. Among the patients in the chemotherapy group, 42 were males and 15 were females with the age ranging from 28 to 74 years old and the median of 57 years old, 42 were with colon cancer and 15 were with rectal cancer. The progression-free survival, response rate, resection rate and conversion rate of liver metastases and adverse effect incidence of preoperative therapy in two groups were observed and compared. The rates were compared using Chi-square test, and the survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test.ResultsThe median progression-free survival was 16 months in the bevacizumab group and 13 months in the chemotherapy group, and no significant difference was observed in the progression-free survival rate between two groups (χ2=0.030,P>0.05). The response rate, resection rate and conversion rate of liver metastases were respectively 59%(19/32), 69%(22/32) and 53%(17/32) in the bevacizumab group and 39%(22/57), 54%(31/57) and 40%(23/57) in the chemotherapy group, and no signiifcant differences were observed (χ2=3.561, 1.755, 0.983;P>0.05). The overall incidence of adverse events was 12%(4/32) in the bevacizumab group with 2 cases of neutropenia, 1 case of hand-foot syndrome and 1 case of gradeⅢ gums bleeding, while the overall incidence of adverse events was 9%(5/57) in the chemotherapy group with 3 cases of thrombocytopenia, 1 case of neutropenia and 1 case of liver function impairment. And no signiifcant difference was observed between two groups (χ2=0.313, P>0.05).ConclusionsBevacizumab combined with preoperative chemotherapy is safe and has potential curative effect to prolong the disease-free survival for colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases.

Metabolic regulation has been proven to play a critical role in T cell antitumor immunity. However, cholesterol metabolism as a key component of this regulation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we found that the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), which has been previously identified as a transporter for cholesterol, plays a pivotal role in regulating CD8