Objective To investigate the clinical significance of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) in chronic,severe hepatitis B patients and liver cirrhosis.Methods The contents of HMGB1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in the patients (include 40 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 18 severe hepatitis B patients and 18 liver cirrhosis patients) and 20 health controls.The levels of relative biochemical indicators,prothrombin time activity percentage (PTA) and the hepatic fibrosis were determined by biochemical methods.Results The contents of HMGB1 was significantly increased in severe hepatitis patients in comparison with that in chronic hepatitis B patients(P ＜0.01).The contents of HMGB1 in the chronic hepatitis were significantly increased in health controls(P ＜0.01).The contents of HMGB1 had significant difference among the liver cirrhosis patients,the severe hepatitis patients and the chronic hepatitis(P ＜0.01).There was positive correlation among the contents of HMGB1 and total bilirubin (TBIL),the proportionality of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT),hyaluronic acid (HA) and procollagen Ⅲ N-terminal peptide (P Ⅲ NP) (r = 0.865,0.646,0.783,0.662,P ＜ 0.01).There was negative correlation among the contents of HMGB1 and prothrombin time activity percentage (PTA) and albumin (ALB) (r =-0.915,-0.852,P ＜0.01).Conclusion The contents of serum HMGB1 were closely associated with disease severity in chronic hepatitis B patients.HMGB1 was an index to auxiliary diagnosis hepatic fibrosis.

Objective To study the effect of Shaoyao Gancao Grain on serum prolactin level in female schizophrenia patients with high prolactin induced by risperidone.Methods 100 patients were randomly divided into the control group 50 cases,which were given risperidone. The study group 50 cases,which were given Shaoyao Gancao Grain on the basis of the control group. The two groups were treated for 12 weeks. Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale,serum prolactin and Estrogen level were measured by immunohistochemistry before and after 12 weeks of treatenmt.Results After 12 weeks of treatenmt,serum prolactin levels were decreased in the study group than control group (46.28 ± 14.06 ng/mlvs. 117.89 ± 22.11 ng/ml;t=10.242,P<0.01). PANSS score were decreased in the study group copare with before treatenmt (67.45 ± 7.00vs. 96.53 ± 11.88;t=7.125,P<0.01). PANSS score were decreased in the control group copare with before treatenmt (68.73 ± 7.71vs. 9 7.93 ± 12.65;t=6.541,P<0.01). But there were no difference in PANSS score between the two groups after treatenmt (t=0.682,P>0.05). ConclusionsShaoyao-Gancao grain can decrease serum prolactin level in female schizophrenia patients with high prolactin induced by risperidone,does not affect estrogen levels.

Objective To analyze CT manifestations of inguinal canal lipomas (ICLS).Methods CT datas of 104 pa tients with ICLS was retrospectively analyzed.And the imaging features were observed by MPR.Results The main CT manifestations of the ICLS were fat density in the inguinal canal and were unconnected with the abdominal fat.Among the 104 ICLSpatients,male (90/104,86.54％) was more than famale(14/104,13.46％;x2=55.538,P＜0.001).Thele sions were located at bilateral sides in 8 cases,left side in 66 cases and right side in 30 cases.The lesions in left side were more than those in right side (x2 13.500,P＜0.001).The mean maximum cross-sectional area of ICLS was (3.89 ± 2.12)cm2.There was no statistically significant difference between male and famale in maximum cross-sectional area (t=1.038,P=0.302).Conclusion In ICLS patients,male is more than famale.And more lesions are located at the left side.The CT manifestations of ICLS have certain characteristics,and MPR images are helpful in diagnosing ICLS.

Objective To determine the maintenance and loss of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome during the clonal expansion of the EBV-infected epithelial cells. Methods The epithelial tumor cell line, 293-EBV, in which the EBV genome was observed with green fluorescent protein (GFP) readout. After a dozen of passages, it contained cells with strong or weak GFP expression, and some with complete loss of EBV genome. The cell growth was then continuously observed under a confocal microscope. The cell dividing and GFP expression were also observed during the clonal expansion by being made into very low density. Results The cells moved around due to adherence and mobility, while the GFP expression remained unchanged in the undivided cells. The cells could form compact or loosen clones. The EBV genome easily persisted in those clones when cells were growing compactly. As the cell number increased, the GFP expression became weak or even died away at the sites of low density in the loosen clones. Conclusion EBV-positive epithelial cells are able to sustain the EBV genome during its clonal expansion. The cells maintain EBV genomes by passing them to the daughter cells after replication. When the cells unsuccessfully inherit the EBV genome, the daughter cells may lose them which is related to the low cell density as well as the epithelial environment.

Objective To investigate the roles of cytokines and non-bioartificial liver in mechanism and clinical treatment of severe hepatitis.Methods Serum IL-2,IL-6,TGF?_1,TNF-?,sFas,IFN-?levels of severe hepatitis patients before and after treatment with non-bioartificial liver were detected and compared.Results Serum IL-2 and IFN-?levels in severe hepatitis group before treatment were obviously lower than those of normal control group(P

PURPOSE: Hyperglycemia increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is one of the major sources of ROS production in diabetes. We, therefore, examined the possibility that NADPH oxidase activation is increased in various tissues, and that the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may have tissue specific effects on NADPH oxidase and tissue antioxidant status in diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Control (C) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (D) rats were treated either with NAC (1.5 g/kg/day) orally or placebo for 4 weeks. The plasma, heart, lung, liver, kidney were harvested immediately and stored for biochemical or immunoblot analysis. RESULTS: levels of free 15-F2t-isoprostane were increased in plasma, heart, lung, liver and kidney tissues in diabetic rats, accompanied with significantly increased membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p67phox in all tissues and increased expression of the membrane-bound subunit p22phox in heart, lung and kidney. The tissue antioxidant activity in lung, liver and kidney was decreased in diabetic rats, while it was increased in heart tissue. NAC reduced the expression of p22phox and p67phox, suppressed p67phox membrane translocation, and reduced free 15-F(2t)-isoprostane levels in all tissues. NAC increased antioxidant activity in liver and lung, but did not significantly affect antioxidant activity in heart and kidney. CONCLUSION: The current study shows that NAC inhibits NADPH oxidase activation in diabetes and attenuates tissue oxidative damage in all organs, even though its effects on antioxidant activity are tissue specific.
Acetylcysteine/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antioxidants/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy/*metabolism ; Heart/drug effects ; Kidney/drug effects/metabolism ; Liver/drug effects/metabolism ; Lung/drug effects/metabolism ; Male ; NADPH Oxidase/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the association between ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and pulse pressure (PP) as well as the relationships between gene-gene interaction between PPARα/δ/γ genes and PP.Methods A total of 820 subjects,with 550 females and 270 males,were recruited from a cohort study of “Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome and Multi-metabolic Disorders in Jiangsu Province of China Study (PMMJS)”.Ten SNPs of PPARα/δ/γ genes were selected.GMDR software (version 1.0.1) was used to evaluate the gene-gene interactions among PPARs SNPs associated with PP.Results The mean levels of PP in people with mutant genotype of rs1805192 in PPARγ genes (PA+AA) showed a significant increase by 1.341 mmHg (95％CI:0.431-2.252 mmHg) when compared to the persons with wild genotype (PP).In the subgroup of subjects with more than 30 mmHg levels of PP,a six-locus model comprised rs135539 of PPARα,rs2016520 of PPARδ,rs10865710,rs1805192,rs709158 and rs3856806 of PPARγshowed a highest level of prediction accuracy (0.577) and displayed a better cross-validation consistency (10/10).In the subgroup of subjects with less than 40 mmHg levels of PP,a two-locus model was statistically associated with PP with 0.628 of prediction accuracy and 10/10 of cross-validation consistency.Conclusion PPARγrs1805192 was associated with the occurrence of PP.Gene-gene interactions among rs135539 of PPARα,rs2016520 of PPARδ,rs10865710,rs1805192,rs709158 and rs3856806 of PPARγ were all significantly related to PP.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has the characteristics of low toxicity and high efficiency, and plays an important role in cancer treatment. However, due to the complexity of its structure, it brings difficulties in pharmacokinetic (PK) bioanalysis. This study established an analytical method for the detection of ADC (RC108) in cynomolgus monkey plasma by ligand-binding assay (LBA) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which was used to analyze and quantify the total antibody, bound antibody and free drug in cynomolgus monkey plasma. Based on the LBA method, rabbit anti-RC108 Fab and mouse anti-MMAE (monomethyl auristatin E) mAb were pre-coated in 96-well plates as the total antibody and antibody binding reagents, respectively. The samples to be tested were added, and then the detection reagents were added in turn. Goat anti-human IgG (H+L)-HRP, chromogenic solution tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), H₂SO₄ terminate the reaction, read data at 450 nm/630 nm wavelength of microplate reader; LC-MS/MS analysis method quantifies MMAE concentration, and refer to relevant regulations for methodological validation. The analytical method for quantifying total antibody, bound antibody and free drug of RC108 drug obtained good accuracy and precision, and the selectivity, dilution linearity, hook effect, parallelism and stability were verified. Meet the requirements of biological analysis. Finally, a bioanalytical method for the determination of the concentration of the test substance RC108 (total antibody, conjugated antibody, free MMAE) in cynomolgus monkey plasma with high sensitivity and high throughput was established by LBA and LC-MS/MS method. Subsequent non-clinical research on PK research in cynomolgus monkeys will provide technical support.

The widespread application of next generation sequencing (NGS) in clinical settings has enabled testing, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of genetic diseases. However, many issues have arisen in the meanwhile. One of the most pressing issues is the lack of standards for reporting genetic test results across different service providers. The First Forum on Standards and Specifications for Clinical Genetic Testing was held to address the issue in Shenzhen, China, on October 28, 2017. Participants, including geneticists, clinicians, and representatives of genetic testing service providers, discussed problems of clinical genetic testing services across in China and shared opinions on principles, challenges, and standards for reporting clinical genetic test results. Here we summarize expert opinions presented at the seminar and report the consensus, which will serve as a basis for the development of standards and guidelines for reporting of clinical genetic testing results, in order to promote the standardization and regulation of genetic testing services in China.