Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of VCAM-1 and oncogenesis, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in breast carcinoma. Methods Using semi-RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry technique, specimens from 63 patients of breast cancer,20 of fibroadenoma were detected for expression of VCAM-1.Microvessel density(MVD) was counted by endothelial cells immunostained using monoclonal antibody CD34.Circulating sVCAM-1 concentrations were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Of 63 breast cancer tumor tissues VCAM-1 mRNA was detected in 37 cases. The rate of VCAM-1 mRNA in the primary breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in the adjacent non-cancerous tissues and benign fibroadenoma tissues (?2=43,P

This article reviews the cause of trastuzumab in treating human epidermal growth factor re-ceptor-2 (HER2) positive breast cancer, the evidence-based practice of continued use of trastuzumab, and some approaches to improve the efficacy of trastuzumab.

Telomerase activity in 43 biopsy of gastric mucosa was detected with the modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) assay to elucidate pathogenesis of gastric cancer.The detected positive rates were as follows:87%(20/23) in gastric cancer,28 6%(2/7) in moderate and non-typical gastritis ,0%(0/10 in atrophic and superficial gastritis,respectively.These results suggest that the detection of telomerase activity may play a significant role in the diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Objective: To detect tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer by usingthe MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 genes as specific tumor markers. Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 40 patients with breast cancer and 20 patients with benign diseases. The mRNA of the MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was detected by nested RT-PCR. The MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 transcripts in breast cancer were detected by RT-PCR. Results: Of the 40 breast cancer patients, MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 mRNA were positive in 12.5% (5/40)and 17.5%(7/40)of PBMC, respectively, and in 15.0 %(6/40)and 22.5 %(9/40)of breast cancer tissues, respectively. In the PBMC of the 40 breast cancer patients, 10(25.0%)samples were detected to express at least one type of MAGE mRNA. MAGE mRNA were not detected in the PBMC from the patients whose tumors did not express the MAGE genes, nor in the PBMC from the 20 patients with benign diseases. The positive rate of MAGE mRNA in the PBMC was closely correlated with the TNM stages. Conclusion: MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 mRNA could be specifically detected in the PBMCof breast cancer patients by our methods. They may be used as specific tumor markers for the detection of the circulating breast cancer cells.

Objective To evaluate our experience of minimal access parathyroidectomy for primary hy-perparathyroidism (PHPT) caused by parathyroid adenoma. Methods From Jan 2000 to Jan 2009, clinical data of 28 cases of PHPT treated by minimal access surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results All patients except 3 had severe clinical manifestations, serum calcium and parathyroid hormonal (PTH) of all the cases were elevat-ed. The rate of accuracy of preoperation localization by the sestamibi scan combined with ultrasound was 100%.The pathological diagnoses of all the 28 cases were uni-gland parathyroid adenoma. Within the follow-up of 6 months, no case suffered complication and recurrence, the levels of serum calcium were normal or decreased slightly, and the levels of PTH were normal or elevated slightly but no higher than 2 times of normal PTH level. Conclusions Preoperative localization is very helpful by using combination of sestamibi and ultrasound scan. Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is a kind of improving procedure for the localized parathyroid adenoma.

Background and purpose:The scarcity in quantity and continuous differentiation ability severely compromise the isolation and purification of cancer stem cells(CSCs).The existing sorting methods can only enrich CSCs as a heterogeneous population.However,more primitive CSCs closer to the source still have not been identified.Based on the CSC hypothesis,we hereby explored the possibility of isolation,culture,purification and identification of murine breast cancer stem cells in suspension culture combined with anticancer regimens. Methods :TM40D murine breast cancer cells were cultured in serum-free medium.The expression of CD44 + CD24-was measured by flow cytometry.Cells from the passage of TM40D cells with the highest expression of CD44 + CD24-were treated in combination with anticancer agents pacilitaxel and epirubicin at different peak plasma concentrations(PPC) for 24 hours,and then maintained under suspension culture.The rate of apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry with Annexin-V FITC/PI double staining method.Selected cells in different amounts were injected subcutaneously into BALB/C mice to observe tumor formation. Results :Cells of passage 10 in suspension culture had the highest percentage of CD44 + CD24-(about 77 percent).As few as 100 cells in 0.35 PPC could generate tumors in BALB/C mice. Conclusions :TM40D cell line contains breast cancer stem cells.This study suggested that suspension culture combined with anticancer regimens is a feasible approach for screening tumor stem cells.

Objective:To summarize the CT signs and characteristics of bone-tumor.Methods:The CT and plain film signs of 71 cases of malignant bone-tumor and 19 cases of benign bone-tumor were analyzed.Results:The basic signs of bone-tumor were bone destruction, tumor bone formation,periosteal reaction,and soft tissue mass.Both benign and malignant bone-tumor had its characters of CT signs.Enhanced CT scans were advantageous in showing the tumor neighboring vessels.Conclusion:Our understanding is expanded and deepened for the signs of bone-tumor by CT scanning.This method provides much more accurate and comprehensive imaging informations than plain film.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of 3 therapeutic regimes in the treatment of functional dyspepsia. METHODS:125 cases were randomly divided into 3 groups,group A was treated with domperidone,group B was treated with domperidone plus doxepin hydrochloride,and group C was treated with domperidone plus famotidine,the curative effects of the 3 group were observed after oral administration and the cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted as well. RESULTS:The costs for group A,B and C were 792.56 yuan,800.12 yuan and 803.76 yuan,respectively;The effective rates were 51.17%,82.50%and 71.43%,respectively;The cost-effectiveness ratio were 15.49,9.70 and 11.25,respectively;The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of group B and C vs. group A were 0.24 and 0.55,respectively. CONCLUSION:Regime B was superior among the other two therapeutic regimes.

Objective To explore the interleukin-4 (IL-4),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,and the features of bronchoscopy.Methods A total of 47 children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were selected as the observation group,28 children with bronchial foreign body in GAN zhengyan were chosen as controls during the same period.ELISA method was used to detect the IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ levels in the BALF,and compared them in these two groups.The bronchoscope features of the observation group were observed.Results The IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ levels in the BALF of children in the observation group were (8.3 ± 3.1) pg/mL,(62.3 ± 18.4) pg/mL,(76.5 ± 21.9) pg/mL,and they were significantly higher than those of the controls (3.1 ± 1.2) pg/m L,(30.0 ± 1.5) pg/m L,(31.3 ± 24.9) pg/mL (P ＜0.05,respectively).In the observation group,the bronchial mucosa congestion and edema were observed in all patients,there were variable amounts of mucus secretions.There were other changes include:microtubule reductus (68.1％),bronchial mucosal follicle-like hyperplasia (38.3％),mucosal erosions (8.5％),airway inflammatory stenosis,mucus plug blocking (59.6％),granulation proliferation (14.9％),bronchial obliteration (4.3％) Conclusions The IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ levels in the BALF of children with RMPP significantly increased.This indicates a significant local inflammatory response in children with RMPP.Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) has certain features of bronchoscope,these features are helpful to the diagnosis and treatment of MPP.

Objective To investigate the relationship between mental status and some physical indicators,so as to identify the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in health check-up populations.Methods A total of 3885 health check-up adults enrolled in this investigation.Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS),and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL90) were used to evaluate mental health of the participants.Physical indicators,including body mass index (BMI),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),serum free three iodine armour gland original acid (FT5),serum free thyroxine (FT4),and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),were retrospectively reviewed.Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between mental health and physical signs,and the Logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the influencing factors of anxiety and depression.Results Increased prevalence of anxiety and depression was found in females or those with lower education level.For the health check-up populations,anxiety and depression were negatively correlated to BMI,SBP,DBP,LDL-C,FT3 and FT4.In Logistic regression analysis,LDL-C,FT3 and FT4 were related to SDS score,while SBP,FT3,and FT4 were related to SAS score.Conclusion Our data suggest that emotion could be affected by gender and education level; SBP,LDL-C,FT3,and FT4 may be protective factors of anxiety and depression.