Objective To investigate the correlated factors of peritoneal dissemination and lympah node metastasis from gastric cancer, the prognosis of patients with peritoneal dissemination and N_2 lymph node metastasis, and the impact of palliative surgery on the prognosis. Methods Based on our database built from 1994, the clinicopathologic data and the outcomes of the follow-up were analyzed respectively. Results The clinicopathologic factors correlated with peritoneal dissemination included T_4, hepatic metastasis, the primary tumor involving the whole stomach, undifferentiated carcinoma, female sex and lymph node metastasis, while those correlated with lymph node metastasis included the primary tumor involving the whole stomach, Borrmann III, T_2, T_3 and T_4, hepatic metastasis and peritoneal dissemination (P

0 05), with better results of daytime defecation frequency and anal skin irritation in IRA group( P

Abstract: To investigate the effect of capsaicin on retinal vascular permeability in diabetic rats(DM). Methods: 24 eight-week-old male sprague-dawley(SD) rats were randomly categorized into four groups(n=6): control group(NC), diabetic group(DM), diabetic group with 3 mg/kg capsaicin treatment(CAP3) and diabetic group with 6 mg/kg capsaicin treatment(CAP6). Type 2 diabetic rat(T2 DM) model was established by high-fat diet combined with small-dose streptozotocin(STZ)induction. The body weight and fasting blood glucose in 4 groups were monitored. Total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL), high density lipoprotein(HDL) concentrations in serum were detected according to manufacturer′s instructions. Evans blue angiography was used to observe the changes of retinal vascular permeability.Immunofluorescence was used to measure the distribution and expression of transient receptor potential vanillic 1(TRPV1) in retina. Western blot was used to detect the expression of TRPV1, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and occludin in rat retina. Results: Compared with the DM group, serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG) and low density lipoprotein(LDL) levels in the CAP3 and CAP6 groups significantly decreased(P<0.01). The results of angiography showed that the retinal vascular permeability increased in the DM group and that there were many strong fluorescent leakage areas, while the leakage was reduced in CAP3 and CAP6 groups. In CAP3 and CAP6 groups, immunofluorescence showed the activation of TRPV1 in the retinal ganglion cell layer, inner nuclear layer and outer nuclear layer. Western blot indicated that the expression of TRPV1 and occludin increased while the expression of VEGF decreased(P<0.01). Conclusion Capsaicin may exert the effect of improving diabetic retinopathy, underlying which the mechanism may be that capscicin activates retinal TRPV1, resulting in the downregulation of VEGF and upregulation of occuldin.

Objective : To investigate the effect and mechanism of celecoxib on retinal vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in rats with diabetic retinopathy. Methods : Forty - five SD rats were divided into normal control group (NC) , diabetic retinopathy group (DR) , celecoxib intervention diabetic retinopathy group ( DR + C) . The diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 1% STZ. After one month , celecoxib (50 mg/kg) was given intragastric administration (1/day) in the DR + C group. Two months later, serum total cholesterol (TC) and insulin were detected. The histopathological changes of the retina were observed. The expression of junctional adhesion molecule⁃like protein (JAML) , VEGF and their signal pathway proteins and the distributions of interleukin⁃10 (IL⁃10) , vascular cell adhesion molecules⁃1(VCAM⁃1) were detected by Western blot. HUVEC cells were divided into normal glucose group (NG) , high glucose group (HG) and high glucose plus celecoxib group (HG + C) to detect the expression of the above proteins. Results : Compared with DR , retina in DR + C group was thinner. The retina in the DR + C group was thicker than that in the NC group. The levels of retinal JAML ,phosphatidylinositol kinase3(PI3K), phosphorylphosphatidylinositol kinase3(P⁃PI3K) , hypoxia⁃inducible factor1 ⁃α (HIF1 ⁃α ) , and VEGF in DR + C group were lower than those in DR group ,while higher than those in NC group. The expression of retinal IL⁃10 and VCAM⁃1 decreased . The content of TC in DR + C and DR group was higher than those in NC group (P < 0. 01) , while the content of insulin in DR + C and DR group was lower than thlse in NC group (P < 0. 001) . Compared with HG group , the expressions of JAML , PI3K , P ⁃PI3K , HIF1 ⁃α , VEGF in HG + C group decreased , but was higher than those in NG group. There was no significant difference in PI3K among the three groups. Conclusion Celecoxib can decrease the expression of VEGF , IL⁃10 , VCAM⁃1 in retina of DR rats , which may be related to the PI3K/HIF1 ⁃α signaling pathway mediated by JAML.