Although the origin of Chinese medicine was well recorded inHuang-Di Nei-Jing, different opinions, however, now existed in the authenticity of discussions on five cardinal directions in theYi-Fa Fang-YiLun. From the perspective of regional systems, this paper began with the local culture of Chinese northern nomadic people, analyzed their fire using custom, moxibustion therapy, ice and snow culture and Shamanistic witchcraft. The purpose was to reveal that moxibustion therapy originated from Shamanistic witchcraft and medical practice of the northern nomadic people.

Marine medicine is an important part of Chinese medicine and a growth point of the development of marine economy. Current researches of marine medicine had ignored accumulated experience in clinical medicine for thousands of years of development of marine medicine and the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory. In this article, we proposed a research mode of Mining experience-Clinical validation-Targets screening-Component screening-Component compatibility-Mechanism study under the guidance of the hypothesis of Nature-Effect-Material Trialism to study marine medicine. Kun Hai Jiang Xin (KHJX) Decoction is a marine formula drawn from the experience of ancient physicians by data mining techniques. Clinical study found that KHJX Decoction can significantly improve the overall clinical efficacy of chronic bronchitis with good clinical safety. Under the guidance of TCM herbal theory, object presented here is based on the work of KHJX Decoctionmining experience - clinical validation. The molecular docking method and receptor-ligand binding assay were applied to screen effective components from herbs of KHJX Decoction and the compatibility plan of effective components under the guidance of the principle of cold and heat effects compatibility. This study is of great significance to clarify the material basis and molecular mechanism of KHJX Decoction in the treatment of chronic bronchitis. It provides a new research mode for marine drug research.

Calcium content and calcium-calmodulin complex were determined in endothelial cells before and after they were treated with endotoxin.It was found that endotoxin can promote the disintegration of calcium-calmodulin complex and greatly increase the cacium content in the endothelial cells.

0.05) in results. The positive rate was 26.99% for these 3 kits, and any two of them could achieve a positive rate of 53.95%. The total positive rate was 80.95%, which was significantly different as compared with non-tuberculosis group(P

Objective To evaluate the influence of lesion size and depth on the diagnostic accuracy and the rate of pneumothorax in patients undergone CT-guided transthoracic aspiration biopsy for pulmonary lesions.Methods CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy was performed in 398 patients that had surgical resection or clinical follow-up.According to lesion size,lesions were divided into≤2 cm,2～4 cm and ≥4 cm.Lesion depth was measured from the pleura surface to the edge of the lesion.This depth was classified in three categories:≤1 cm,1～3 cm and ≥3 cm.Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy and the frequency of pneumothorax in different size and depth of lesion was performed.Results(1)The overall diagnostic accuracy of CT-guided percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy was 83.2%(331/398).Pneumothorax occurred in 58(14.6%)of 398 biopsy;(2)The diagnostic accurate rate in different size of lesion was 73.3%(44/60),81.5%(176/216)and 91.0%(111/122)respectively,?2=9.91,P0.05.The occurred rate of pneumothorax in different depth lesion was 2.8%(4/141),14.8%(21/142)and 28.7%(33/115),?2=34.03,P

The appearance and changes of Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) in the brains of 62 rats from early embryos to adults were studied by histochemical method and the brains of 19 rats of corresponding stages were examined with Nissl stain. The main results are as follows:1. AChE appeared in the following sequence: spinal cord, myelencephalon, metencephalon, mesencephalon, diencephalon and finally in telencephalon. In telencephaIon, AChE appeared earlier in paleocortex than in neocortex. The sequence described above showed that the appearance of AChE reflects cephalization of the nervous system in the rat.2. AChE-positive neurons of the rat brain consisted of cholinergic neurons and cholinoceptive ceils, both of which are related to the neurotransmitter ACh.3. The following nuclei of adult rat brain were shown to be AchE-positive in our specimens, but had not been reported in available literature: n. tractus mesencephali, n. anterior dorsalis thalami, n. anterior ventralis thalami, n. lateralis thalami, n. habenulae lateralis, n. reticularis thalami, n. supraopticus, n. paraventricularis, n. parafascicularis and n. ruber. In the cerebral cortex very few positive cells have been noticed.

Six compounds were isolated from the leaves of Juglans mandshurica Maxim.. They were characterized by their physico-chemical properties and spectral data as: nonacosanol, 2-octa-cosanol, ?- sitosterol, juglone, 3-methoxy - 7-methylzuglone, butanedioic acid. Except juglone,this secmed to be the first reported isolation of the other five compounds from the title plant to date

Twenty-nine medical records of acupuncture and moxibustion at the end of volume in Zhenjiu Dacheng are precious clinical examples. The characteristics of selecting acupoints are less and ingenious with precious matching on the basis of syndrome differentiation and examining pathogenesis detailedly, according to meridians with diseases locations recognized clearly, keeping adopting acupoints on regular meridians combined with extra points and making good use of specific points, and attaching importance to acquired essence with protecting spleen and stomach. Valuable experience is provided for physicians of later generations to treat diseases.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Books ; history ; China ; History, Medieval ; Humans

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of Trk(tropomyosin receptor kinase) and Akt(protein kinase B), and to explore the neuroprotective role and its mechanism of β-NGF (β-nerve growth factor) after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods A focal cerebral ischemia rat model was made and β-NGF was injected intra abdominally. The phosphorylation of Trk and Akt were tested by immunocytochemistry and Western blot assay. Results Trk receptor was increased obviously in the penumbra area after 8 h of infarction. The level of phosphorylated Trk(p-Trk) was increased after 2 h of infarction, while the level of phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt) had a decrease and then recovered gradually. The level of p Akt in cerebral ischemia group was decreased by 76.5% compared with that in control group after 8 h of infarction(P<0. 01). After the injection of β-NGF, the level of p-Trk was increased by 74.4% after 12 h of infarction(P<0.01), while the level of p-Akt was recovered significantly after 8 h of infarction, and had no statistical difference compared with the control group after 24 h of infarction (P>0.05). Conclusions Ischemia induces the activation and increased expression of Trk receptor, andβ-NGF may play a protective role in cerebral ischemia by increasing the phosphorylation of Trk and regulating the phosphorylation of Akt.

Objective To investigate the effect of hand twelve Jing-Well points bloodletting on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in the early stage of focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Method Male Wister rats were randomized into sham operation, model and bloodletting groups. A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was made by Longa's method. 2%Evans blue (EB) was injected into the caudal vein at three time points:5, 24 and 72 hrs after model making. EB exudation amount was assessed by measurement of EB absorbance in brain tissue to observe BBB permeability. Result Cerebral EB exudation amount was significantly higher in the model group of rats than in the sham operation group (P<0.01) and significantly lower in the bloodletting group than in the model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Hand twelve Jing-Well points bloodletting can reduce blood-brain barrier permeability in pMCAO rats. Its effect is highly significant at 24 and 72 hrs after ischemia.