AIM:Toinvestigatetheeffectofrhynchophylline(Rhy)onbloodpressure,cardiachypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR) .METHODS:Spontaneously hypertensive rats were ran-domly divided into model group , high dose (10 mg? kg-1? d-1 ) and low dose (2.5 mg? kg-1? d-1 ) group of rhyncho-phylline, captopril group (17.5 mg? kg -1? d-1).Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as normal control.Respectively, systolic blood pressure was measured by tail cuff every 2 weeks.After 10 weeks, heart weight index and left ventricular weight in-dex were calculated .The myocardial hydroxyproline and plasma angiotensin Ⅱwere detected .Moreover , basic myocardial histopathological changes and myocardial collagen fibres were observed by HE staining and Masson staining , respectively . The protein expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in the myocardium was measured by the methods of immunohistochemistry and Western blot .RESULTS:Compared with SHR model group , Rhy significantly reduced blood pressure ( P<0.05 ) , the levels of HYP in the myocardium (P<0.05) and the levels of AngⅡin the plasma (P<0.01).The pathological dama-ges of the myocardial tissues and collagen deposition were attenuated .The protein expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 was sig-nificantly reduced by the treatment with Rhy (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Rhynchophylline reduces blood pressure and adjusts to improve ventricular remodeling of SHR .The mechanism may be involved in the TGF-β1/Smad pathway and re-ducing AngⅡcontent.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze characteristics and curative effect of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) inpatients with different audiometric curve and provide the reference for the diagnosis and treatment of SSHL. METHOD: Retrospective analyze of 1033 cases of SSHL inpatients, compare the gender, the ears, the ages, with or without tinnitus and vertigo, hearing loss degree and the efficacy of distribution characteristics in different audiometric curves. RESULT: Lnpatients with SSHL are mostly flat (27.24%), peak valley at least (5.94%); Gender distribution: male to female ratio was 1.3:1, audiometric curve for the rise type more than the decline type and flat type and completely deafness type (P < 0.01) in female. The ears distribution: the flat type more than increase type ( P < 0.01) in double eras SSHL. The age distribution: the flat type more than 60 years of age was significantly higher than that rising type (P < 0.01). Completely deafness type compared with the other types, the decline type compared with the rise type, the incidence of vertigo was significantly different (P < 0.01). Peak valley type with tinnitus was higher than the flat type. Degree of hearing loss distribution: completely deaf type in the very severe hearing loss was significantly higher than other types (< 0.01), flat type in severe hearing loss was significantly higher than other types (P < 0.01). The total effective rate was 51.01%. Rise type, peak valley type were more efficient than other types (P < 0.01); completely deafness type was less efficient than other types (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The characteristics and curative effect are different in SSHL inpatients with different audiometric curves. Flat type was the most, peak valley type was the least. The curative effect of rise type and peak valley type are the best, completely deafness type is the worst. The degree of hearing loss and whether associated with vertigo is closely related in efficacy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Audiometry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective:To explore the differences of static and dynamic spontaneous brain activity between male smoking addicts and healthy controls, and analyze the mechanism of smoking addiction.Methods:Based on static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (sALFF) and dynamic amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (dALFF), the differences of static and dynamic spontaneous brain activity were compared between male smoking addicts ( n=63) and healthy controls ( n=30) by independent sample t-test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the altered dALFF values and score of Fagerstr?m test for nicotine dependence(FTND) and pack-years of smoking addicted males. Results:Compared with healthy controls, the values of sALFF in the left superior/middle/inferior orbitofrontal gyrus ( t=5.17, clusters≥108) were increased and the variation of dALFF in the right superior temporal/middle gyrus, left orbitofrontal region, left orbital superior/middle/inferior frontal gyrus, right orbitofrontal gyrus/middle/inferior frontal gyrus and right putamen ( t=4.90, 4.37, 4.91, 4.62, 4.59, clusters≥96) were also increased in the smoking addicted group. It was noteworthy that the dALFF values of the right superior temporal/middle gyrus( r=0.252, P=0.047), left orbital region superior frontal gyrus( r=0.281, P=0.026) and right putamen( r=0.313, P=0.012) were positively correlated with pack-years of male smoking addicts. Conclusion:Male smoking addicts may have abnormal static and dynamics spontaneous neural activity in prefrontal cortex (including orbital frontal lobe), putamen and superior temporal/middle gyrus, which are correlated with pack-years.