In order to determine the efficacy of mannitol and anisodamine in the treatment of compartment syndrome, a new animal model of compartment syndrome was used to observe the changes in CPK, MDA, tissue pressure and pathology before and after the use of the drugs. The results showed that the values of CPK, MDA and intracompartmental pressure declined and pathological changes improved after the therapy. The result indicated that this new animal model is reproducible and successful. Mannitol is useful in the treatment of compartment syndrome, and at the same time it acts as a free radical scavenger, so that it can prevent reperfusion injury. Anisodamine can improve the limb's microcirculation. CPK can be an index for judging the therapeatic effect in the treatnent of compartment syndrome.