Objective To observe the clinical effect of patellar anaplasty and traditional knee arthroplasty in the treatment of osteoarthri-tis. Methods According to the operation method,50 patients with osteoarthritis were divided into patellar anaplasty group and knee arthro-plasty group,25 cases each. After surgery,all patients were followed up. Results The differences of the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,HSS score before and after operation,the WOMAC scores and radiographic evaluation between two groups were not statistically significant (P>0. 05). The complication rate of patellar anaplasty group was lower than those of knee arthroplasty group significantly,and the difference between two groups was statistically significant(P<0. 05). Conclusion Patellar anaplasty and traditional knee arthroplasty can improve the patient’s knee function effectively,and all the curative effect are reliable,but the complication rate of patellar anaplasty is lower,which is worthy of further promotion and research.

Objective To investigate the effects of laparoscopic tube sparing operation in the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy. Methods Clinical data of 56 cases of tubal pregnancy undergoing laparoscopic conservative treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Results Salpingectomy was required in 8 cases because the electrocoagulation had proven ineffective for the bleeding of operated area, whereas the tube sparing surgery was accomplished successfully in the remaining 48 cases, in 3 of which one treatment course of MTX was administered on account of recurrent episodes. Hysterosalpingography with iodized oil at 1～2 postoperative months in 47 cases receiving conservative surgical treatment revealed that, the involved oviduct was patent in 36 cases, unobstructed but not patent in 8 cases, and obstructed in 3 cases, while the contralateral oviduct (which had been previously resected in 3 cases) was patent in 34 cases, unobstructed but not patent in 7, and obstructed in 3. Conclusions Under proper conditions, laparoscopic tube sparing operation is effective in the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy.

Purpose To investigate the histopathological features of cystic lung diseases ( CLD) , and to discuss the timing of clinical interventions. Methods HE and immunohistochemical staining were performed and reviewed in 125 cases of CLD. Results 125 ca-ses of CLD aged from birth to 11 years and 6 month, with an average age of 23. 0 months, median age 15 months, of which 60 cases were less than 1 year (48. 0%). 75 cases were male and 50 cases female, with male to female ratio of 1. 5 ∶ 1. Grossly, 50 cases showed single or multiple cysts with the size 0. 5 ~8. 0 cm in diameter, which did not communicate with bronchial cavity. 18 cases showed honeycomb cysts with the diameter of 0. 1~2. 0 cm. 26 cases were solid lesions without visible cysts. 21 cases were observed lung abscess with thick and rough wall and pus inside. 7 cases of emphysema showed microcysts with crepitation. 2 cases were identi-fied cystic and solid masses, with fish-fresh like cut surface. Histopathologically, 94 cases (75. 2%) were related to congenital bron-chopulmonary dysplasia in 125 cases of CLD, in which there were 59 patients (47. 2%) of congenial pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), including 29 cases of type 1 (49. 2%), 18 cases of type 2 (30. 5%), and 12 cases of type 4 (20. 3%), there were 26 ca-ses (20. 8%) of pulmonary sequestration, including 15 cases of intralobar type (57. 7%) and 11 of extralobar cases (42. 3%), 5 ca-ses were complicated with CPAM type 2, 8 cases were bronchial cyst (6. 4%) and 1 case of enteric cyst (0. 8%). Acquired lesions were detected in 31 cases (24. 8%), including 21 cases of infected lung abscess, 1 case of fungal abscess. 7 cases of emphysema, and 3 cases of pleuralpulmonary blastoma (typeⅠ1 case and typeⅡ2 cases). Conclusion Pediatric CLD is characterized as com-plexed categories. The prognosis depends on correct pathological diagnosis, combined with imaging evaluation and appropriate timing of surgery.

Objective To study the features of CT and MRI diagnosis of intracranial germ cell tumors ,and to improve the un-derstanding of its imaging findings .Methods Fifteen cases of intracranial germ cell tumors proved by pathology and follow-up were retrospectively analyzed .Results Among the 15 cases with intracranial germ cell tumors ,9 cases in pineal body , tumours showed like-round masses,the margin of the masses were well defined .CT was slightly high density,MRI revealed isointense or hypointense signals on T1 weighted and homogeneous hyperintense signals on T 2 weighted image without edema around tumors and homogeneous en-hancement.One cases in CSF spread.Four cases were identified in the saddle-up area, among the 2 cases was cystic,1 cases was sol-id-cystic and 1 cases was solid,CT was isointense or high density in solid,low density in cystic,without edema around tumors.MRI re-vealed slight-hypointense signals on T 1 weighted and hyperintense signals on T 2 weighted image clearly enhanced in solid , cystoid with-out enhance .In the other 2 cases of intracranial germ cell tumors in the basal ganglia region ,CT was inhomogeneous high density ,inho-mogeneous signals on T2 and T1 weighted image, inhomogeneous enhancement .Conclusions Intracranial germ cell tumors show char-acteristic manifestations on CT and MRI,according to location,shape,signal,age characteristic,which is helpful in diagnosis and differ-ential diagnosis and guide treatment plan .

Objective To study the role of total flavonoids of hippophae rhamnoides in improving contactile function of stretched cardiac myocyte.Method Flavonoids were given to stretched myocytes which were proved their contractile function decline and then myocyte contractile mechanics characteristics and calcium transfer were measured.Result Flavonoids increased myocyte contractility,as indicated by myocyte shortening,velocity of shortening,peak+dL/dt and peak-dL/dt during shortening,in a concentration-dependent manner (r>0.9,P<0.001),and with no relation to the intracellular calcium transfer in the myocytes.Conclusion Flavonoids of the traditional Chinese drug hippophae rhamnoids is effective in improving the contractile function of stretched cardiac myocyte in low dosage.

Objective To explore the significance of MYCN gene amplification in children with neuroblastic tumors(NT).Methods The clinicopathological data of 154 cases with NT were reviewed,including general data, classification of pathology,clinical stage and prognosis.MYCN gene amplification was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) and its relationship between pathological characteristics and prognostic significance was analyzed.Results There was 154 cases of NT aged 1 day to 11 years,with a mean age of 26.1 months,and the median age of 20.5 months.Male and female ratio was 1.48 : 1.00.According to International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) ,20 cases were of stage Ⅰ (13.0％) ,23 cases of stage Ⅱ (14.9％) ,43 cases of stage Ⅲ (27.9％) ,64 cases of stage Ⅳ(41.6％) and 4 cases of Ⅳs (2.6％).There were 72 cases(46.8％) with favorable histology,and 82 cases(53.2％) with unfavorable histology.MYCN amplification was found in 20 cases (13.0％) and the signal ratio of MYCN and chromosome 2 (CEP2) was 4.08-43.29.One hundred and thirty-four cases of MYCN non-amplification included MYCN gain in 91 cases(68.0％) ,MYCN negative in 43 cases(32.0％).MYCN expression showed the significant differences in ages, neuroblastoma type, international neuroblastoma pathology classification (INPC), mitosis karyorrhexis index (MKI), and clinical stages (all P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was found in gender(P ＞ 0.05).Of 20 MYCN amplification cases,4 cases (20.0％) survived and 16 cases (80.0％) died,and the overall survival rate was 20.0％ (4/20 cases) ,with survival time was (17.10 ± 2.24) months;of 134 MYCN non-amplification cases,96 cases (71.6％) survived and 38 cases (28.4％) died, with survival time of (28.71 ± 1.28)months.Survival analysis showed the cases with MYCN amplification had worse prognosis (x2 =19.596, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with MYCN amplification had poorer prognosis and lower incidence of MYCN amplification of pediatric NT was found in China.

PURPOSE: Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure. The present study was undertaken to characterize the effects of Corni Fructus on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and their mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Streptozotocin-diabetic rats were orally administrated with Corni Fructus at a dose of 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg body mass for 40 days. RESULTS: Corni Fructus-treated diabetic rats showed significant decreases of blood glucose, urinary protein levels and water consumption. Corni Fructus also reduced serum total cholesterol, total triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and showed a tendency of enhancing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Levels of serum albumin and creatinine in diabetic rats were also significantly reduced by Corni Fructus administration at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body mass compared with non-treated diabetic rats. Corni Fructus increased catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidose (GSH-px) activities in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Furthermore, Corni Fructus treatment enhanced renal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) expression in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that Corni Fructus may have the potential to protect the animals from diabetic nephropathy by amelioration of oxidative stress and stimulation of PPARgamma expression.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Catalase/metabolism ; Cornus/*chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism ; Plant Extracts/*therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism

This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of adrenergic system in the subnucleus commissuriu of nucleus solitrius tractus (CNTS) on renal nerve discharges. Norepinephrine (NE) was microinjected into the CNTS of rabbits and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and renal nerve discharges (FRND) were synchronously recorded. The results indicated that (1) microinjection of norepinephine into the CNTS of rabbit could significantly attenuate the frequency of renal nerve discharge, and at the same time decrease markedly the mean arterial pressure. (2) Microinjection of 0.3 nmol yohimbin into CNTS had no significant influence on FRND and MAP, but could attenuate and even reverse the effects of NE on FRND and MAP. These results suggest that microinjection of NE into CNTS may activate the alpha-adrenorecptor located in CNTS and secondarily produce a depressor effect by attenuating the activity of periphenal sympathetic nervous system.
Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Kidney/*innervation ; Microinjections ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Solitary Nucleus/*physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/drug effects ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiopathology ; Vasomotor System/physiopathology

Objective To investigate the correlation between the degree of liver fibrosis and Aspartate aminotransferase-to-Platelet Ratio Index ( APRI ) in children with biliary atresia ( BA ) , and evaluate the clinical significance of liver fibrosis in biliary atresia.Methods A total of 97 patients with diagnosed BA were recruited between January 2010 and June 2013.AST, PLT and APRI were determined one week before laparotomy.The severity of hepatic tibrosis was.Judged by Metavir system the correlation among AST, PLT, APRI and severity of liver fibrosis were evaluated, and their diagnostic value for degree of liver fibrosis was analyzed by ROC.Results Sera AST levels and PLT counts of BA patients were found to be positively(r=0.367, P<0.01) and negatively(r=-0.403, P<0.01) correlated with Metavir scores of liver fibrosis, respectively.There existed positive correlation between APRI and the severity of hepatic fibrosis (r=0.541, P<0.01).The area under ROC curve of APRI to diagnose none or mild fibrosis and moderately severe fibrosis was 0.78, with sensitivity of 77.9%and specificity of 62.1%at the optimal cut-off value of 0.75; the area under ROC curve of APRI to diagnose moderately severe fibrosis with liver cirrhosis arrived 0.85, with sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 89.4% at the optimal cut-off value of 1.77.The accuracy of none or mild fibrosis, moderate fibrosis and cirrhosis diagnosed by APRI were 73.2%, 64.9%, 87.6%, respectively.Conclusion APRI can be used as a non-invasive parameter to assess the severity of hepatic fibrosis with BA.

Summary: This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of adrenergic system in the subnucleus commissuriu of nucleus solitrius tractus (CNTS) on renal nerve discharges. Norepinephrine (NE) was microinjected into the CNTS of rabbits and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and renal nerve discharges (FRND) were synchronously recorded. The results indicated that (1) microinjection of norepinephine into the CNTS of rabbit could significantly attenuate the frequency of renal nerve discharge, and at the same time decrease markedly the mean arterial pressure. (2) Microinjection of 0.3 nmol yohimbin into CNTS had no significant influence on FRND and MAP, but could attenuate and even reverse the effects of NE on FRND and MAP. These results suggest that microinjection of NE into CNTS may activate the alpha-adrenorecptor located in CNTS and secondarily produce a depressor effect by attenuating the activity of peripheral sympathetic nervous system.