A TLC condition has been developed to purify the extraction from the leaf of Torreya Arn. plant,then an optimized HPLC method was used to determine the amount of taxol.HPLC chromatographic conditions were:colum:Shim Pack CLC ODS(150 mm?6.0 mm,5 ?m);mobile phase:methanol water(66∶34);flow rate: 0.5 ml/min;wavelength of the detector: 227 nm;colum temperature: 35℃.Using this method,we have determined the trace level of taxol in the leaf of Torreya Arn .plant successfully.There exists better linear relationship between peak height( Y ) and the concentration of detected sample( X ) within 100 500 ?g/ml.The average recovery rate is 85.7%( n =12);RSD is 7.8%.

Objective To investigate the effects of sodium hydroxybutyrate (?-OH) on neuronal apoptosis in neonatal rat cortex induced by hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult. Methods One-hundred and fifty 7-day old newborn SD rats were randomly assigned to one of S groups ( n = 30 each): sham operation group (A); HI + normal saline (NS) group (B) and three HI + ?-OH groups (C, D, E) . HI was induced by ligation of left common carotid artery followed by 2 h inhalation of hypoxic air (8% O2 92% N2). In sham operation group (A) left common carotid artery was exposed but not ligated and no hypoxic air was inhaled after operation. In group B (HI + NS) NS 0.2 ml?10 g-1 was injected intraperitoneally (IP) t.i.d immediately after HI until the animals were killed; whereas in HI +?-OH groups ?-OH 50 (C) or 100 (D) or 200 (E) mg?kg-1 was injected IP instead of NS. Six animals were killed at 1 h, 3 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d in each group and brains were removed. The number of apoptotic neurons in the left cortex was detected using TUNEL staining technique. Results The number of apoptotic neurons at 1 h-7 d after HI was significantly greater in group B, C, D and E than in group A ( sham operation) . The expression of apoptosis positive neurons reached the peak at 1 day after HI. The number of apoptotic neurons at 3 h-3 d was significantly greater in group E (?-OH 200 mg?kg-1) than in group C and D (?-OH 50 and 100 mg?kg-1) . There was no significant difference in the number of apoptotic neurons between group B (HI + NS) and E (HI +?-OH 200 mg?kg-1). Conclusion Sodium hydroxybutyrate 50 and 100 mg?kg-1 can attenuate neuronal apoptosis in neonatal rat cortex induced by hypoxic-ischemic insult.

To compare the efficacy and side effects of bupivaeaine(Bup)at two concentrations and fentanyl for caudal analgesia in children. Method:One hundred-fifty children undergoing hernia repair procedures under caudal anesthesia, were randomly assigned to five groups. Group A: 1% lidocaine (Lid), group B: 10% Lid+0.1% Bup, group C: 1% Lid+0.25% Baeup, group D: 1%Lid+0.15%Bup with 2?g?kg~(-1) fentanyl, group E: 1%Lid+0. 25%Bup with 2?g?kg~(-1) fentanyl for caudal analgesia, The degree of pain(LPS), nausea and vomiting (NV) were as sessed at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation. Result: The numbers of LPS

AIM: To detect the change of urinary concentration of aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in rat models of different degrees of heart failure and make a comparison with sham-operation group.METHODS: This experiment was carried out between January 2000 and January 2002 in the animal laboratory of Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Forty-two male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were involved. Twenty-six rat models of chronic heart failure were prepared by ligation of left coronary artery. When left ventricle infarct area was≥20%, the rat models of congestive heart failure were successful (heart failure group, n =13); When left ventricle infarct area was＜20%, the rat models of congestive heart failure were unsuccessful (compensation group, n =13). The other 16 rats were not ligated at coronary rtery (control group). Serum sodium concentration was determined with BeckmanC×3 equipment and urine osmole by cryoscopic method. Urine volume of 24 hours was monitored. Urinary concentration ofAQP-2 level of rats was determined by double antibodies sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DABs-ELISA).RESULTS: Forty-two rats were involved in the result analysis. The 24-hour urine volume and serum sodium concentration in the heart failure group and compensation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05-0.01), while urine osmole in two groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05-0.01).②At postoperative 4 and 6 weeks, urinary concentration of AQP-2 level of rats in the control group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P＜0.05-0.01), and urinary concentration of AQP-2 level of rats in the compensation group was significantly lower than that in the heart failure group (P＜0.05, 0.01).In the compensation group and heart failure group, urinary concentration of AQP-2 level of rats was significantly higher at postoperative 6 weeks than at postoperative 4weeks (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:①AQP-2 is the key target protein of water retention and hyponatremia at heart failure.②Detection of urinary concentration of AQP-2 by ELISA can effectively reflect water retention and hyponatremia when heart failure occurs.

Objective To clarify the expression of Tbx3 gene in breast cancer tissues and its clinical significance, and the expression of Tbx3 gene in different clinical pathological characteristic breast cancer. Methods Expression of Tbx3 gene in 53 specimens of breast cancer and 28 specimens of normal breast tissues were investigated by immunohistochemistry, analysing the clinical significance. Meanwhile the correlation of expression of Tbx3 gene in breast cancer classified was investigated by estrogen receptor ( ER),lymph node metastasis, Her-2 status. Results Positive rate of Tbx3 gene in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissues [73.58% (39/53) vs 14.29% (4/28)] (P ＜ 0.05).Positive rate of Tbx3 gene in ER positive breast cancer tissues was higher than that in ER negative breast cancer tissues [ 84.38% (27/32) vs 57.14% ( 12/21 ) ] (P ＜ 0.05 ). Positive rate of Tbx3 gene in breast cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in breast cancer tissues without lymph node metastasis [86.21%(25/29) vs 58.33% (14/24) ] (P ＜ 0.05). Positive rate of Tbx3 gene in Her-2 positive breast cancer tissues was higher than that in Her-2 negative breast cancer tissues[ 93.75%(15/16) vs 64.86% (24/37) ] (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Tbx3 gene is over expressed in breast cancer tissues. It is related to ER, lymph node metastasis, Her-2 status.

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of quercetin and kaempferol in Ginkgo biloba extract. Methods: A simple, rapid and reproducible supercritical fluid extract (SFE) and capillary electrophoretic method were developed for it. SFE was selected by orthogonal design method. SFE conditions: temperature 60 ℃, pressure 42 mPa, static extraction 4 min, dynamic extraction volume 4 ml and 0.2 ml ethanol as modifier. MECC conditions were 55 cm?75 ?m fused silica capillary column. The running buffer contained 25 mmol/L sodium dihydrophosphate, 6.25 mmol/L sodium borate (pH= 8.5) and 35 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS). The detection wave length was at 254 nm. Results: The influence of modifier on extraction rate in SFE was the most. The linear range for quercetin and kaempferol was 21.2 106.0, 20.0 100.0 ?g/ml, respectively, when cinnamic acid was in an internal standard. The recovery of quercetin for 40, 60 and 80 ?l was 93.87%, 94.02% and 94.10%, respectively. The recovery of kaempferol for 40, 60 and 80 ?l was 94.50%, 94.17% and 94.25%, respectively. Conclusion: SFE MECC is convenient and accurate method, and can be used as a measure of quality control for Ginkgo biloba extract. [

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of gabapentin on mechanical allodynia in rats with tibial bone cancer pain (BCP).MethodsForty-two female SD rats were randomized into 7 groups ( n=6):naive group (group N ),sham operation + NS control group (group SN),sham operation + GBP200mg/( kg · d) group (group SG200),BCP + NS control group (group BN),BCP + GBP50mg/( kg · d) group ( group BGS0),BCP +GBP100mg/(kg · d) group (group BG100),and BCP + GBP200mg/(kg · d) group (group BG200).The rats in group N,SN and BN received 5 ml normal saline and the rats in group SG200,BG50,BG100 and BG200 received 200,50,100 and 200 mg/( kg · d) dose of GBP via feeding from day 7 to 13 after operation,respectively.Mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT) of the right paw and behavioral assays for ambulatory pain were measured just before operation and on days 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 and 14 after operation.ResultsMWT( (3.78 ± 0.38)g) in rats with BCP decreased and behavioral assays for ambulatory pain (0.76 ± 0.44) increased on day 7 after operation,as compared with those in group N ( ( 14.50 ± 1.38 ) g,(0.00 ± 0.00 ) ) and group sham ( ( 10.21 ± 0.88 ) g,( 0.00 ±0.00) ) (P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no apparent praxiological difference between group SN and group SG200 in a week of continuous application of gabapentin(P＞ 0.05 ).Compared with those in group BN,there was no change on MWT in group BG50 (P ＞ 0.05 ),and however,behavioral assays for ambulatory pain decreased (P ＜ 0.05 ).MWT in group BG100( (5.35 ±0.85)g) and BG200( (5.71 ±0.72) g) increased in day 10 after operation,as compared with those in group BN ( ( 2.61 ± 0.40) g) and group BG50 ( ( 3.28 ± 1.15 ) g) (P ＜ 0.05 ),and the difference was still statistically significant until day 14 (P ＜ 0.05 ).Behavioral assays for ambulatory pain in group BG100 and BG200 decreased from day 8 after operation,as compared with those in group BN and group BG50 (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionGabapentin,in medium to large dosage,can inhibit pain reaction of rats with bone cancer pain.Nevertheless,with the development of cancer,the effect of gabapentin decreases.

Objective To evaluate the effects of nail polish on measurement of pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) by different brands of monitors in healthy volunteers.Methods Twenty healthy female volunteers were enrolled in the study.Nine fingers of each volunteer were chosen randomly,8 nails were painted 8 different colors (transparent color,red,yellow,green,blue,purple,black,white),respectively,and the left 1 nail served as blank control.SpO2 and pulse rate (PR) were measured using TuffSat Handheld Oximeter (GE) and MP70 (Philip) and PM-9800 (Mindray) monitors.SpO2 of the 9 nails monitored and the response time for SpO2 and PR were recorded.Results (1) Compared with blank control,when MP70 monitor was used,no significant change was found in each color-induced effect on the value of SpO2 obtained (P ＞ 0.05),and blue prolonged the response time for PR and SpO2 (P ＜ 0.05) ;When PM-9800 monitor was used,black could decrease the value of SpO2 measured (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in each color-induced effect on the response time for SpO2 and PR (P ＞ 0.05) ; when TuffSat Handheld Oximeter was used,green and blue could decrease the value of SpO2 monitored,and the value of SpO2 obtained was significantly lower when blue was used (P ＜ 0.05).Black,blue,purple and white could sequentially prolong the response time for PR (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in each color-induced effect on the response time for SpO2 (P ＞ 0.05).(2) For green and blue nail polish,the value of SpO2 measured with TuffSat Handheld Oximeter was significantly lower than that measured with MP70 and PM-9800 monitors(P ＜ 0.05) ; for red,yellow and green nail polish,the response time for PR obtained with TuffSat Handheld Oximeter was significantly shorter than that obtained with MP70 and PM-9800 monitors (P ＜0.05) ; for blank control group and 8 colors of nail polish,the response time for SpO2 measured with TuffSat Handheld Oximeter was significantly shorter than that measured with MP70 and PM-9800 monitors (P ＜ 0.05).For black nail polish,the value of SpO2 measured with PM-9800 monitors was significantly lower than that measured with MP70 and TuffSat Handheld Oximeter(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The ability for nail polish recognition and identification is different for each monitor and the color of nail polish can exert obvious effect on the value and response time for SpO2 obtained.The results of this study shows that blue nail polish-induced effect on the value of SpO2 obtained with TuffSat Handheld Oximeter is obvious,and MP70 monitor is the most stable instrument and TuffSat Handheld Oximeter is the most sensitive instrument in obtaining the value of SpO2.

Objective:To study the effect of metformin on proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of U937 cells.Methods: U937 cells were treated with different concentrations of metformin,collected cells in 24,48 and 72 hours.Subsequently,cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay,and the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM).The expression of Bcl-2,Bax,p-AMPK,p53 were determined by Western blot.Results: The proliferation of U937 cells was inhibited by metformin in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Metformin-treated cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase,the cell frequency at G0/G1 phase was increased in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Metformin also induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.It showed that 20 mmol/L metformin induced cell apoptosis in a time-dependent manner.The expression of p-AMPK,p53,Bax was up-regulated while Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated after metformin treatment.Conclusion: Metformin could inhibit the U937 cell proliferation,block the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase,and induce cell apoptosis,which may partially be attribute to the up-regulation of Bax,down-regulation of Bcl-2,activation of AMPK/p53 signaling.