Synthetic biology is an intercrossed scientific branch rapidly developing in recent years,whose progresses would bring the technology of synthesizing or making life into reality.It would have magnificent implication for economic development and studying the fundamental rules of biology,but it will also bring ethical problems as well as anxiety for possible potential threat.This paper considers that making life is justifiable ethically,but the whole process must be strictly controlled and effectively supervised.

From information and consent,the article explores the history,connotation,element and the problems encountered in practice of informed consent.The paper aims to provide help for resolving realitical problems by these theoretical discussion.

Genetically modified organisms, as a high-tech product, break through the limitation of different organisms and create new organisms through gene implanting from other kinds of organisms. They not only bring great benefits to human beings but also bring some ethical issues including the effect on environment,the effect on human health,and the respect to hatural law.Moreover,this article argues some ethical issues during the process of commercialization and sale including how to maintain the consumers' benefits,the protection on researchers through potent right,the precautionary principle and label issues.

The author analyzes the present situation of transformed-gene food from the two different points.One point thinks:transformed-gene food is more important than the structure to these developing countries.There are three reasons:Developing countries are badly in need of resolving poverty and hungry;introducing transformed-gene food is a moral command for developing countries.Using transformed-gene food is easier than the structure to resolve the poverty and hungry.The other point points that the sturucture is more important.These are reasons:reforming irrational and unfair system is more urgent than developing tranformed-gene food to these developing countries;gene patent may make the developing countries in a adverse situation;if they don't dissolve the structure problem,transformed-gene food will not make any progress.The author thinks:dissolving the sturture problem,rebuilding rational and fair system are more important than only introducing transformed-gene food.

Objective To investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2(NAT2) and susceptibility to bladder cancer.Methods Based on case-control study,NAT2 mutation alleles(NAT2*5,*6 and*7) were determined by ASPCR and PCR-RFLP in 78 patients with bladder cancer and 80 nontumorous patients.In addtion,the relationships between the genotypes and tobacco smoking,occupational exposure,high dose intake of meat or pathological characteristic of bladder cancer patients were analyzed.Results In the blood samples from 158 cases,the 4 alleles NAT2*4,NAT2*5,NAT2*6 and NAT2*7 were detected.The frequency of NAT2 slow genotypes was 29.5%(23/78) in patients with bladder cancer,which was significantly higher compared with 16.3%(13/80) in control patients(P