Objective　To evaluate the efficacy and safty of pegging hydroxyapatite orbital implants.Methods　Fourty-five patients who received drilling and pegging of hydroxyapatite orbital implants were studied retrospectively, and all patients used the peg and sleeve system followed-up 2 to 24 months.Results　The rate of success of the first operations is 82.2%. Complications associated with pegging included peg hole drilled on an angle, drilling off-center, drilled hole shallow, granuloma and infection, total complications occured in 22.2% in the review, most that are of a minor nature can be cured.Conclusions　The hydroxyapatite orbital implants can be directly coupled to the prosthesis through a peg system, allowing a wide range of prosthesis movement and giving a more lifelike quality to the prosthesis. When and how to drill and exactly hole on implant is the key for pegging.

Objective To investigate the indications and results of combined liver-kidney transplantation.Methods From Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2003, 15 patients were subjected to combined liver-kidney transplantation in our department. The underlying diseases included hepatitis B viral cirrhosis complicated by HRS ( n= 8), hepatitis B viral cirrhosis complicated by uremia ( n =2), hepatitis B viral cirrhosis complicated by diabetic nephropathy ( n =1), polycystic liver and kidney disease ( n =2), Caroli's disease and polycystic kidney ( n =1), alcoholic liver cirrhosis complicated by uremia ( n =1). The surgical procedure, perioperative complications, acute and chronic rejection, the recurrence of hepatic viral B hepatitis, and the result of follow-up were analyzed.Results The graft function in 15 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation was restored well after operation. The 6-month and one-year survival rate was 100%. One patient was supported by respiration machine for 48 days. The complications occurred in 3 patients after operation, including one case of gastroenternal bleeding repeatedly and one case of postoperative wound bleeding subject to non-surgical treatment, and one case of stenosis of biliary anastomosis subject to ERCP. Only one patient experienced a rejection episode of the liver. No acute rejection of the kidney graft occurred. One patient was died from liver graft function failure by recurrence of hepatitis B after 30 months.Conclusions Combined liver-kidney transplantation is only radical treatment method for patients with end-stage liver disease with chronic renal dysfunction or chronic renal failure. In the patients with hepatitis B,lamividine and hepatitis B immunoglobin can prevent the recurrence of hepatitis B.

AIM　To study the effect of desipramin e (DMI) on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of rat glioma C6 cel ls. METHODS　Cell proliferation w as measured by MTT colorimetric assay and cells undergoing apoptosis were determ ined by electron microscope and flow cytometry. The expression of bcl-2 was eva luated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS　DMI could result in the c oncentration-dependent inhibition of C6 cell proliferation and lead to arrest i n G0～G1 phase of cell cycle. The value of IC50 and 95% confidence lim its were 20.7(17.3～24.2) μmol*L－1.DMI（40 μmol*L－1）-indu ced apoptosis showed classical apoptotic morphology and the hypodiploid peak ap peared on the histogram of FCM in a concentration-dependent manner, which could be abrogated by cycloheximide(1.8 μmol*L－1). Meanwhile, DMI (10 μmol *L－1) could down-regulate the expression of apoptosis associated gene b cl-2. CONCLUSION　DMI could inhibit cell proliferation in a con centration dependent manner and induce typical apoptosis of C6 cells.

Objective:To study assessment value of brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) for severity of coro‐nary disease in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods :According to SYNTAX score of coronary an‐giography ,a total of 206 CHD patients from our hospital were divided into mild group (n=74 ,SYNTAX score <23 scores) ,medium group (n= 72 ,SYNTAX score 23~32 scores) and severe group (n= 60 ,SYNTAX score > 32 scores) .Another 80 healthy subjects undergoing physical examinations were selected as healthy control group during the same period .BaPWV ,ankle brachial index (ABI) and carotid -femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) were measured and compared among all groups .Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation among baPWV ,cfPWV ,ABI and SYNTAX score in CHD patients ;multi -factor Logistic regression model was used to analyze whether baPWV ,cfPWV and ABI were risk factors for SYNTAX scores .Results:Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in baPWV [ (1.2 ± 0.3) m/s vs .(1.5 ± 0.4) m/s vs .(1.8 ± 0.6) m/s vs . (2.0±0.7)m/s]andcfPWV [ (1.3±0.5)m/svs.(2.5±0.7)m/svs.(2.9±0.8)m/svs.(3.4±0.7)m/s]in mild group ,medium group and severe group (P<0.05 or <0.01) ,and that of severe group was more than that of medium group ,and>mild group in turn ,there was significant difference by pairwise comparisons ( P<0.05 all);significant reduction in ABI [ (1.02 ± 0.32) vs .(0.82 ± 0.24) vs .(0.73 ± 0.16) vs .(0.56 ± 0.09)] in mild group , medium group and severe group ,and that of severe group was < medium group ,and < mild group in turn ,there was significant difference by pairwise comparisons ( P<0.05 all) .Pearson correlation analysis indicated that baPWV and cfPWV were positively correlated with SYNTAX score ( r= 0.613 , P= 0.007;r=0.528 , P=0.023) ,while ABI had no correlation with SYNTAX score .Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetes melli‐tus ,hypertension ,baPWV and cfPWV were risk factors for SYNTAX score (OR=4.016~5.809 , P<0.05 or <0.01) .Conclusion:The baPWV can effectively assess severity of coronary disease in CHD patients .

AIM To study the effect of desipramine (DMI ) on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of rat glioma C6 cells. METH ODS Cell proliferation was measured by MTT col- orimetric assay and cells undergoing apoptosis were determined by electron microscope and flow cytometry. The expression of hcf-2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS DMI could result in the concentration- dependent inhibition of C6 cell proliferation and lead to arrest in GO - G1 phase of cell cycle. The value of Ica and 95% confidence limits were 20.7(17 .3~24 .2) ?mol?L~ 1. DMI(40 ?mol? L-l )-induced apoptosis showed classical apoptotic morphology and the hypodiploid peak appeared on the histogram of FCM in a concentration- dependent man ner, which could be abrogated by cycloheximide(1. 8 ?mol? L- １ ). Meanwhile, DMI (10 ?mol? L- 1 ) could down-regulate the expression of apoptosis associated gene hcl-2. CONCLUSION DMI could inhibit cell proliferation in a concentration dependent manner and induce typical apoptosis of C6 cells.

Background and purpose:When the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) receive radiotherapy, their thyroids are inevitably involved. As a result, thyroid damage occurs. This study aimed to explore the effects of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) on dynamics of thyroid blood flow in patients with NPC.Methods:A total number of 68 patients with NPC were enrolled in the study who received primary treatment of radical radiation and chemotherapy from Jul. 2012 to Oct. 2013. And the TMN stage was fromⅡ toⅣc according to UICC 2010. The treatment method consisted of 2 cycles of TPF induction treatment, concurrent radiation therapy (IMRT) with 2 cycles of DDP and 2 cycles of adjuvant therapy sequentially. Before radiotherapy, at the end of radiotherapy, 3 and 6 months after radiotherapy, serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations of all cases were detected by electrochemiluminescence. The highest systolic velocity, mean velocity, minimum diastolic velocity, resistance index, and the value of all thyroid diameter lines were measured by type-B ultrasound.Results:All the patients were followed up for 6 months. Hypothyroidism: the incidence of immediate clinical hypothyroidism after radiotherapy was 5.9%; 3 months later, the incidence was 13.2%; and 6 months later, the incidence was 26.5%. The difference in volume change between before radiotherapy and at the end of radiotherapy had no statistical signiifcance (P>0.05). The difference in volume change between 3 and 6 months after radiotherapy had statistical signiifcance (P<0.05). The difference in FT3, FT4 and FSH between the end of radiotherapy and before radiotherapy had no statistical signiifcance, while there was statistically signiifcant difference between at the end of radiotherapy and 3 months after radiotherapy. The thyroid volume correlated with the average dose at the end of radiotherapy, 3 and 6 months after radiotherapy as shown by the single factor correlation analysis (P<0.05). The results of sinlge factor correlation analysis also showed that the occurrence of hypothyroidism correlated with thyroid dose-volume parameter V40 at the end of radiotherapy (P<0.05). The correlation between hypothyroidism and the average dose on thyroid 6 months after radiotherapy was demonstrated by independentt test (P<0.05). Hypothyroidism had no correlation with thyroid artery systolic maximum velocity and resistance index at the end of radiotherapy, 3 and 6 months after radiotherapy (P>0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of hypothyroidism may increase with time after radiotherapy. The volume may decrease with the increased dose of radiotherapy and the follow-up time. The patients with NPC after radiotherapy should be tested for thyroid lesions routinely. The thyroid dose-volume parameter V40 may be a predictor for acute radioactive thyroid lesions. The study did not reveal temporarily that hypothyroidism was associated with thyroid ultrasound blood lfow velocity.

Objective To analyze the long?term efficacy of intensity?modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with or without chemotherapy in treatment of 454 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its influencing factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 454 patients with non?metastatic NPC who received IMRT with or without chemotherapy in our center from 2007 to 2012. Prescribed doses of 69. 96?73. 92 Gy in 33 fractions, 69. 96 Gy in 33 fractions, 60. 06 Gy in 33 fractions, and 50. 96 Gy in 28 fractions were applied to nasopharyngeal gross tumor volume, cervical metastatic lymph nodes, high?risk drainage area, and low?risk drainage area, respectively. In all patients, 438 received induction chemotherapy, 420 concurrent chemotherapy, and 216 adjuvant chemotherapy, most of which were based on cisplatin and taxol. The Kaplan?Meier method was used for calculating survival rates and the log?rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis. The Cox model was used for the multivariate prognostic analysis. Results The 3?year sample size was 210. The 3?year overall survival ( OS ) , local recurrence?free survival, nodal relapse?free survival, progression?free survival, and distant metastasis?free survival ( DMFS) rates were 88. 1%, 91. 0%, 90. 7%, 80. 5%, and 85. 1%, respectively. Age, T stage, and N stage were influencing factors for the OS rate ( P=0. 011;P=0. 005;P=0. 033);T stage and N stage were influencing factors for the disease progression?free survival ( P=0. 017;P=0. 005) and DMFS ( P=0. 012;P=0. 019) . The grade≥3 acute and late adverse reactions included hematological toxicity , oral mucositis , xerostomia , dysphagia , and brain injury . Conclusions IMRT promotes the long?term survival rates in patients with NPC. The distant metastasis is the major reason for treatment failure. The adverse reactions induced by IMRT combined with chemotherapy are tolerable.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the work was to study the change for blood pour into the artery fascial flap and oxygen metabolic in tissue that knew the process of the flap.

METHODSWe do the artery fascial flap in the rabbit, then measured the skin capillary blood flow and the content of the MDA.

RESULTSThe content of the MDA rise when the blood flow descends in the flap, but it lives well.

CONCLUSIONSThat the content of the MDA rise as time the blood flow descend in the flap is a gradual process of the whole flap from tip to end, the flap will not appear necrosis until the MDA reach a rather degree.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of 1iver transplantation for acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients .Methods We included 453 consecutive patients with previously cirrhosis who underwent liver transplantation between January 2013 and December 2017 .Patients were categorized as no ACLF (n=294) and ACLF(n=159) according to EASL-CLIF consortium criteria .Furthermore ,we used ACLF grades to categorize the ACLF patients .Their clinical data were reviewed and their 90-days survival outcomes were compared .Results Compared with the no ACLF group ,the length of stay in the ICU was significantly prolonged for all patients with ACLF ,and the 90-days survival rate after transplantation was significantly reduced in ACLF group .The length of stay in the ICU was shorter in Grade 1 and Grade 2 group when compared to Grade 3 group .The 90-days survival rate of no ACLF ,Grade 1 ,Grade 2 and Grade 3 group were 93 .20％ ,92 .59％ ,93 .33％ and 73 .68％ ,respectively .There were no statistically significant differences in 90-days survival rate among the no ACLF ,Grade 1 and Grade 2 group .However , the 90-days survive rate of Grade 3 group was lower than that of other groups .Conclusions Liver transplantation has been shown to be safe and effective with good outcome in patients with ACLF and should be offered in early course of ACLF before onset of multi-organ failure .

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody on the treatment of malignant tumor after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Methods The relevant literatures in 7 databases were searched. The data on 54 cases of recipients with malignant tumors treated with PD-1 monoclonal antibody after SOT were collected, and the clinical effects and rejection of SOT recipients treated with PD-1 monoclonal antibody were analyzed. Results Total 32 acceptable articles including 54 SOT recipients were incorporated, including 43 males and 11 females aged 14-79 years old. There are 29 renal transplant recipients, 19 liver transplant recipients and 6 heart transplant recipients. The types of PD-1 monoclonal antibody agent used by SOT recipients included pembrolizumab for 28 patients and nivolumab for 26 patients. The overall remission rate, disease progression rate and fatality rate of PD-1 monoclonal antibody for postoperative malignant tumors of SOT recipients were 32% (17/54), 44% (24/54) and 36% (19/54), respectively. After treatment with PD-1 monoclonal antibody for postoperative malignant tumors of SOT recipients, the incidence of rejection was 39% (21/54), indicating no significant correlation between rejection and type of PD-1 monoclonal antibody (P > 0.05). Conclusions PD-1 monoclonal antibody can effectively treat postoperative malignant tumors of SOT recipients, and may induce rejection during the treatment. But rejection is not the most common cause for death of recipients.