Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of Zn~ 2+ -dependent endopeptidases targeting extracellular matrix (ECM) compounds as well as a number of other proteins. Their proteolytic activity acts as an effector mechanism of tissue remodeling in physiologic and pathologic conditions, and as modulator of inflammation. Recently, it has been reported that MMPs play an important role in nervous diseases including cerebral ischemia, Alzheimers disease,multiple sclerosis and Parkinson′s disease.

Background and purpose:Physical and psychological trauma has been a challenge for both clinician and patients with breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy,and now more and more patients have begun to accept breast reconstruction,especially Ⅰ stage reconstruction after surgery.The aim of our study was to investigate a breast reconstruction procedure that can not only achieve radical tumor excision but also retain the aesthetic appearance of breast.Methods:15 patients from January 2006 to April 2007 were enrolled with early stage breast cancer have received surgical treatment with conservation of breast skin,breast tissue excision and axillary lymph nodes;latissimus dorsi muscle flap has been used for breast reconstruction.Results:The results of the 15 cases:excellent in 11 cases(83.3%),good in four cases(16.7%).Conclusions:Immediate breast reconstruction after radical mastectomy with conservation of skin has shown good results in terms of aesthetic appearance of breast,this procedure has been proved to be a safe and feasible method of treatment for the patients with early stage breast cancer.

[Summary] The relationship between the state of cognition and hypertension in 155 type 2 diabetic patients was studied.The results showed that significant difference in the state of cognition was found in patients with or without hypertension,so as to those with poorly or well controlled hypertension (P＜0.05).Systolic blood pressure,pulse pressure,mean arterial blood pressure,and duration of hypertension were negatively correlated with multiple cognitive domains,suggesting that proper control of blood pressure may have a protective effect on cognitive function in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To sutdy the anti-inflammatory action and pharmacodynamics of Liushen Cataplasm (LC). Methods The anti-inflammatory action of LC was observed on mice models of xylene-induced ear swelling and on the rat models of carrageenan-induced pedal swelling. With the decrease of pedal swelling as the parameter,the pharmacodynamics of LC was studied. The apparent parameters of pharmacodynamics were estimated based on the time-effect curve. Results LC showed a potent anti-inflammatory effect. The effect-time curve can be described by the one-compartment model. The main pharmacodynamic parameters were as follows:t1/2(Ka)=2.11727h,t1/2(Ke)=3.13464h,AUC=3.33131 mg?kg?h-1,respectively. Conclusion Liushen Cataplasm shows a potent anti-inflammatory effect. The effect-time curve can be described by the one-compartment model.

Pulsatile drug delivery system,capable of releasing drug at the predetermined times according to clinical therapeutic requirements,can be used to treat several rhythmic diseases.Majority of individuals experience the rise in the blood pressure in the early morning hours,which potentially leads to serious cardiovascular complications.The purpose of the study was to develop pulsatile candesartan cilexetil core-in-cup tablets according to human circadian rhythm of blood pressure.The factors influencing t_(lag) were evaluated by in vitro drug release and tablet erosion observations.In addition,the jugular artery pressures vs times courses of rabbits were recorded after oral administration of commercial candesartan cilexetil tablets or the developed core-in-cup tablets.The quantity and characteristics of the excipients in top layers in the tablets were found to modify t_(lag).In vivo studies showed that the onset times indicating the decreases in the blood pressures of commercial tablets and core-in-cup tablets were (98 ± 17) min and (278 ±29) min,respevtively.In vivo t_(lag) of the prepared core-in-cup tablets was (180 ± 34) min in rabbits,which is consistent with the goal of design.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with severe gastrointestinal manifestations,especially cases with acute and severe abdominal pain,so as to improve the recognition of severe and acute gastrointestinal manifestations of SLE during pediatric diagnosis and treatment.Methods Medical records of 119 patients with SLE under the age 16 years old in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Jan.2010 to Mar.2013 were reviewed and gastrointestinal manifestations were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were diagnosed as SLE according to 1997 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) revised classification criteria.Results Gastrointestinal involvement was recorded in 24 children (20.2％).The median (range) age at the time of initial gastrointestinal manifestations was (13.5 ± 2.0) years (6-15 years).The ratio of female to male was 1.0 ∶ 2.4.And in 4 cases,gastrointestinal manifestations occurred as the initial symptoms.Abdominal pain was the most frequent symptom,present in 13 patients (54.2％),11 cases (45.8％) had nausea and vomiting,4 cases (16.6％) had abdominal distension,and 3 cases (12.5％) had diarrhea.Abnormal liver function was found by lab test in 8 cases,without obvious symptoms or the proofs of any virus infection.Acute and severe abdominal pain was found in 9 cases,of whom 6 patients were diagnosed as intestinal pseudo-obstruction (2 cases with bilateral ureterohydronephrosis),1 case had acute peritonitis with surgery,1 case was diagnosed as protein losing enteropathy and 1 case had acute pancreatitis.Liver impairment also occurred in SLE.All cases got alleviated with the treatment of steroids and immunosuppressive drugs.Significant difference was found in the occurrence of hydroureter and hydronephrosis and albumin concentrations between SLE digestive and non-digestive system involvement children.However,there was no remarkable difference in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate,or the involvement of kidney and blood system and central nervous system between the 2 groups.Conclusions SLE is a common autoimmune disease in children involving multiple systems.The severity of gastrointestinal involvement is underestimated.Gastrointestinal manifestations can be initial symptoms of SLE.Intestinal pseudo-obstruction,protein losing enteropathy,and acute pancreatitis are uncommon but severe gastrointestinal manifestations of SLE patients should be fully recognized.It is vital for pediatric physicians to make early diagnosis and begin timely treatment on SLE with Corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low-dose erythromycin combined with sinus displacement therapy on treating sinusitis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. METHOD: The sinus displacement were used with mixed liquid of metronidazole, protease and dexamethasone, and meantime roxithromycin was orally administered. RESULT: Effective rate was 97.1% in 35 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with sinusitis after radiotherapy. CONCLUSION Low-dose erythromycin combined with sinus displacement therapy is effective to treat sinusitis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. Its advantages are safe, effective, and easy to do.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Erythromycin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; radiotherapy ; Sinusitis ; complications ; therapy

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of graft-versus host disease (GVHD)accompanied with new T-cell receptor (TCR) genes clonal rearrangement after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:The clinical data of 2 patients admitted to People's Hospital of Henan University from December 2018 to March 2020 who developed GVHD after allo-HSCT accompanied with TCR genes clonal rearrangement were retrospectively analyzed, and the related literatures were reviewed.Results:Patient 1 was diagnosed with peripheral T-cell lymphoma non-specific type (PTCL-NOS), and then developed severe acute GVHD (aGVHD) after identical sibling allo-HSCT, and gradually developed liver chronic GVHD (cGVHD), skin cGVHD and new TCR genes clonal rearrangement. Patient 2 was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-M 4, and severe aGVHD, hepatic cGVHD, and clonal rearrangement of TCR genes were gradually detected after identical sibling allo-HSCT. Conclusions:The TCR genes clonal rearrangement after allo-HSCT is not necessarily suggestive of tumors, and it may be related to lymphocyte development disorder caused by GVHD, so the comprehensive judgement should be carefully made.

OBJECTIVETo establish a simple method to detect four ATP7B gene mutations in Wilson disease using allele-specific PCR(AS-PCR) with whole blood polymerase chain reaction.

METHODSFour allele-specific PCR primers specific for the mutations(G2333T, C2850T, G2855A, G2975T) were designed, and PCR was optimized to screen the whole blood samples. The amplified gene products with mutation were separated with agarose gel electrophoresis to detect the pattern of point mutation and allele types. Exons 8, 12 and 13 of the ATP7B gene were amplified with PCR, and the amplification products were sequenced to confirm the mutation.

RESULTSThe detection of four ATP7B gene mutations by AS-PCR with whole blood was accomplished with 100% accuracy. In the 27 healthy subjects, the mutation rate of G2855A was 51.8%. No mutation was detected for G2333T, C2850T and G2975T. Among the 22 patients, 11 were mutated for G2333T, C2850T or G2975T. The mutation rate was therefore 50%.

CONCLUSIONOur experiment has established an AS-PCR based method for detecting four ATP7B gene mutations using whole blood samples, which has provided a simple and effective means for the early diagnosis of Wilson disease. This method is rapid, convenient, accurate and economical for detecting point mutations of the ATP7B gene.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Copper-transporting ATPases ; Female ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective:To investigate the current nutrition support status of hospitalized small for gestational age infants born late preterm in hospitals of Beijing, and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:Clinical data of late preterm infants from 25 medical units in Beijing between October 2015 and October 2017 was collected and analyzed. Infants were assigned into two groups according to the relationship between their gestational age and birth body weight as small for gestational age(SGA) group and not small for gestational age(non-SGA) group, to compare their nutritional status and explore the related influential factors.Results:Totally, 1 347 late preterm infants were enrolled, including 730 males and 617 females, 151 in SGA group and 1 196 in non-SGA group. The data showed that the rate of exclusive breast-feeding was higher (5.3% vs 4.5%, P<0.01), and the increasing of milk volume was slower [11.0 vs 12.1 ml/(kg·d), P=0.003] in SGA group. More parenteral nutrition was used (77.5% vs 53.1%, P<0.01), and the duration of parenteral nutrition was longer (5.0 vs 2.0 days, P<0.01) in SGA group. The birth weight(1 940 vs 2 490 g, P<0.01), the lowest body weight(1 890 vs 2 400 g, P<0.01) and the discharged body weight(2 135 vs 2 530 g, P<0.01)were lower in SGA group. The SGA group showed lower body weight loss(3.1% vs 8.0%, P=0.015), slower weight growth(13.3 vs 33.0 g/d, P<0.01), and longer length of hospital stay (11.0 vs 8.0 days, P<0.01). In SGA group, the milk volume at discharge [145.6 vs 122.2 ml/(kg·d), P<0.01] and the caloric of enteral feeding at discharge [443.9 vs 384.1 kJ/(kg·d), P<0.01] were higher, the rate of infants who regained their birth weight during hospitalization(78.8% vs 57.9%, P<0.01) was higher, and the rate of ones who achieve full enteral feeding (31.8% vs 16.6%, P<0.01) was higher. A Cox regression analysis in which we set infants can achieve full enteral feeding as goal showed that independent factors associated with full enteral feeding at discharge in SGA group included the increasing of enteral feeding, the duration of parenteral nutrition, whether the length of hospital stay longer than 7 days or not whether exclusive breastfeeding and whether the mothers of enrolled infants were diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus or placental abruption during pregnancy ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Infants in SGA group show slower increasing of milk volume and lower caloric amount of enteral feeding. More parenteral nutrition is used, and the duration of parenteral nutrition is longer in SGA group. Due to the longer length of hospital stay in SGA group, the milk volume and the caloric of enteral feeding at discharge are higher, more infants regain their birth weight during hospitalization, and more infants achieve full enteral feeding at discharge. Despite of higher portion of parenteral nutrition, infants in SGA group show slower weight growth and lower body weight at discharge.