Objective To assess the osteogenic ability after co-culture BMSC and ADSC in vivo and in vitro.Methods ADSC and BMSC were obtained by adherent screening method and enzymatic digestion method.Flow cytometry was used to confirm the phenotypes of ADSC and BMSC.Oil red O was used to induce MSC to fat.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining were used in osteogenic group.This sample was divided into four groups,no-induced stem cells group;BMSC osteogenic induction group;ADSC osteogenic induction group;co-culture of BMSC and ADSC osteogenic induction group.ALP activities and Calcium absorbance were determined during different periods of osteogenic introduction.OCN and Runx2 expression level were tested via RT-PCR and western blot methods after osteogenic induction for 2 weeks.Furthermore,cells in each group were seeded on HA/CS/PLLA composite scaffolds,and the scaffolds with cells were planted into bone defects in rat models.The rats were sacrificed by overdose anesthesia at 8 weeks after surgery and the scaffolds were removed for further analysis.Results Oil red O staining demonstrated red after adipogenic induction.Alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin red staining showed flaky red under condition of osteogenic induction.There had no statistical change among each group after osteogenic induction for 3 days,and ALP activity significantly increased after osteogenic induction for 5 days.Meanwhile,the ALP activity in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group was markedly higher than the other three groups.However,there had no significant change in A value of calcium absorbance among each group after osteogenic induction for 7 days,while it increased at 14th day and ALP activity in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group was significantly higher than the other three groups.After osteogenic induction for 2 weeks,the mRNA expression of OCN and Runx2 in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group was 78.24±8.11 and 1 180.13±121.16 respectively,and the protein expression of OCN and Runx2 was 6.54±0.59 and 4.43±0.51.These mRNA and protein expression level in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group enhanced significant compared with the other 3 groups.Histological assay demonstrated that the new bone tissues formed in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group were 497.75±7.44 μm2,which was larger than that in the other 3 groups at 8 weeks after implantation.Conclusion Co-culture BMSC and ADSC may up-regulated the osteogenic ability in vivo and in vitro.

Objective To construct DNA vaccine expressing HIV-1 AE2f gp145-tat-rev-nef fusion gene( AE-Gp145TRN) and to compare the immunogenicities of DNA vaccines expressing Tat, Rev and Nef in gene fusion formulations of tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vif-nef( AE-TRIVN) and AE-Gpl45TRN. Methods DNA vaccine was constructed by inserting the codon optimized HIV-1 AE2( gp145-tat-rev-nef fusion gene into mammalian expression DNA vector. In vitro expression efficiency of the constructed DNA vaccine was determined by Western blot and the immunogenicities of AE-Gpl45TRN and AE-TRIVN were compared by immunizing female BALB/c mice. IFN-r ELISPOT assay was used to read out the specific T cell immunity. Results Western blot assay showed the constructed DNA vaccine could be expressed efficiently in vitro. After vaccination, AE-TRIVN mounted significantly higher T cell responses against Tat, Rev and Nef[(148±91)SFCs/106 splenocytes]than Gpl45TRN[(55±28) SFCs/106 splenocytes]. Specific T cell responses elicited by AE-TRIVN predominantly targeting Rev, whereas Gpl45TRN could significantly enhance T cell responses against Nef. Conclusion AE-TRIVN and Gpl45TRN induced distinct T cell response modalities, which implied different gene fusion formulations may affect the immunogenicity of specific DNA vaccines.

In addition to the common complications involving hepatic artery, hepatic vein and biliary tract, which have already been mentioned and discussed in the preceding parts of this article, there are some uncommon complications which have been reported in the medical literature as the case report or as the case- series analysis. This paper sums up these uncommon complications. Part of these uncommon complications can be treated with interventional therapy. It is very important for interventional radiologists to make a further understanding of the different etiology of these uncommon complications occurred after liver transplantation so as to get a comprehensive knowledge about the complications after liver transplantation.

ObjectivePresent treatment in plastic surgery on giant congenital melanocytic nevus has always been a tough practice because it is difficult to achieve balance between effects and costs of treatment.This paper aimed to explore the concrete procedure of tangential excision and dermabrasion in treatment of adult giant congenital melanocytic nevus. Methods Taking into consideration pathological examination results before surgery,diseased regions,psychological expectancy and other factors,we used a humby knife or globe grinding head to remove giant congenital relanocytic nevus by wiping off the surface of it in 10 cases.After operation,the operated area of the skin underwent a process of healing in a moisturized state.In each case,surgical procedure was carried out by 1 2 sta ges,with the interval period ranges from 3 months to 6 months.ResultsOne to 3 years follow-ups showed that among those cases,5 cases obtained good results in which skin color of surgical area turned to normal and pathological examination showed that nevus cells disappeared,4 cases achieved improvement,and 1 case was relapsed.ConclusionsThe two alternative methods for treatment of giant congenital melanocytic nevus,either tangential excision or dermabrasion,with combination of pathological examination results,diseased regions,and psychological expectancy should be taken into consideration,which can remain a maximum balance between effects and costs of treatments.Tangential excision and dermabrasion are effective in some cases of giant congenital nevus where traditional methods do not work,or in order to reduce the cost of body appearance in treatment.Therefore,these two methods deserve to be adopted extensively in clinical therapy.But it still needs further accumulation of experience in practice and longer period of follow-up after operation.

Objective To explore the experience in diagnosis and treatment ot primary transitional cell carcinoma of prostate for the early and accurate to diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical data and features of 3 cases were retrospectively reviewed.Results All patients were diagnosed as primary transitional cell carcinoma of prostate.Two cases were advanced tumor.The preoperative examinations (ultrasound and serum,PSA) have failed to accurately indicate the diagnosis.All of them were confirmed by pathological examination.1 case lost follow-up,1 case performed TURP + chemotherapy through intravesical administration have survived 17 months respectively till today.The other case has already survived 2 months postoperatively but with lumbar spine bone metastasis.Conclusions Early diagnosis of primary transitional cell carcinoma of prostate is difficult.The diagnosis of the disease depends on the transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate or the specimens of the prostate after the Urethroscopy.Because of the prognosis is bad,and prone to pathological missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.Need to exclude multicentric lesions and mixed tumor and choice of treatment method.

AIM: To investigate the anticancer effect of manumycin on abdominal metastatic breast cancer cell line-SK-BR-3 and its relationship with p38 MAPK . METHODS: The test of anticancer effect was performed by the method of MTT, apoptosis induced by manumycin and affected by SB203580, a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor, were examined by caspase-3 activity assay kit, and the protein expression was detected by immunoblotting assay. RESULTS: The inhibition rates at 24 h after treatment with manumycin of 6 ?mol/L, 18 ?mol/L, 54 ?mol/L were (7.4?3.9)%, (21.0?4.4)% and (64.7?4.1)%, respectively and showed dosage-effect relationship. Compared with the control group, the survival rates of the last two treatment groups were decreased significantly (P

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of CT angiography (CTA) of vertebral artery dissection (VAD) value. Methods We retrospectively analysed vertebral artery dissection in 30 patients (32 branches) according to the results of DSA. Tow radiologists independently analyzed the CTA images, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CTA in VAD patients were determined. The consistency of DSA and CTA results were evaluated by Kappa test. Results Thirty two branches of 60 vertebral arteries were diagnosed as VAD by DSA, 31 branches were diagnosed as VAD by CTA, 1 branch was misdiagnosis. Eight branches with dissection aneurysm were all displayed by CTA and DSA. Eleven branches of 12 branches withstring of beads signwere diagnosed by CTA. Five branches of 6 branches withstring and pearl signwere diagnosed by CTA;CTA and DSA of 1 branch withdouble-lumen signwere all displayed. Six branches of 5 branch withlinear signwere diagnosed by CTA. One branch showedlinear sign, but was diagnosed thrombosis by CTA. Two branches were showedlinear sign, but were diagnosedstring of beads signandstring and pearl sign. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of CT angiography in diagnosing VA dissection were 96.8％(31/32), 100％(28/28), 98.3％(59/60), respectively. The results made good agreement with DSA(Kappa=0.967,P<0.01). Conclusion Dual source CTA was a sensitive and accurate technique for the diagnosis of VAD.

? AIM: To investigate the differences between synoptophore and triple prism strabismometry and its possible cause.?METHODS: There were 347 patients with horizontal concomitant strabismus involved, in which 76 patients were esotropia, 37 patients were male while 39 were female, with average age of 13. 27 ± 7. 77 years old. There were 271 patients with exotropia, 131 cases were male while 140 were female, with average age of 15. 43 ± 8. 42 years old. All the patients were examined by synoptophore and prism plus shaded strabismometry in a long distance of 6m. Datas were analyzed by SPSS 17. 0.?RESULTS:In the exotropia patients, the conversions of circular degree(°) and prism degree(△) were:1°=0. 29△ ~1. 78△, which was statistically significant with intermittent strabismus (P=0. 001). While in the esotropia patients, the conversions were:1°=2. 01△ ~2. 15△.?CONCLUSION: The diversity between the two methods is enlarged with the increase of squint angle for exotropia patients. While in esotropia patients, the diversity decreased with the increase of squint angle. Synoptophore equipped with +7. 00D, defects of the triple prism itself and proximal convergence during exam may be the reasons for the diversity.

Objective To propose an automatic framework for segmentation of brain image in this paper. Methods The brain MRI image segmentation framework consists of three-step segmentation procedures. First, Non-brain structures removal by level set method. Then, the non-uniformity correction method is based on computing estimates of tissue intensity variation. Finally, it uses a statistical model based on Markov random filed for MRI brain image segmentation. The brain tissue can be classified into cerebrospinal fluid, white matter and gray matter. Results To evaluate the proposed our method, we performed two sets of experiments, one on simulated MR and another on real MR brain data. Conclusion The efficacy of the brain MRI image segmentation framework has been demonstrated by the extensive experiments. In the future, we are also planning on a large-scale clinical evaluation of this segmentation framework.

Objective To present a novel modified level set algorithm for medical image segmentation. Methods The algorithm is developed by substituting the speed function of level set algorithm with the region and gradient information of the image instead of the conventional gradient information. This new algorithm has been tested by a series of different modality medical images. Results We present various examples and also evaluate and compare the performance of our method with the classical level set method on weak boundaries and noisy images. Conclusion Experimental results show the proposed algorithm is effective and robust.