Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; prevention & control ; Hypertension ; prevention & control ; Life Style ; Male ; Risk Factors

Objective To explore the characteristics of nosocomial infection and its related factors among those very low birth weight infant(VLBWI)for coming up with appropriate preventive measures.Methods Fifty-eight infants with birth weight of 1500 g or below in the hospital from January to June in 2012 were studied actively and retrospectively about their nosocomial infection and related risk factors.Results Thirty-five cases of nosocomial infection occurred among the 58 infants with a prevalence of 60.34%. The mainly pathogenic bacteria was Gram-positive bacteria(88.47%)and mostly,infections presented with lung infections(82.90%) within 21 days after birth.The risk factors included mechanical ventilation,PICC,Apga score<7,fluconazole administration and premature rupture of membranes of VLBWI.Conclusion VLBWI are prone to nosocomial infections,mostly lung infection on day 21 after birth.Management should be strengthened within 3 weeks after birth of VLBWI to minimize infections.Reduction of invasive procedures on children and antibiotic use is particularly important.On the other hand,strengthening the health care in the perinatal period and reducing the incidence of preterm birth cannot be ignored.

Objective: To investigate the differences of biochemical markers between the patients with pulmonary hypertension related to left heart disease (PH-LHD) and LHD; to explore the sensitive bio markers which may predict PH in LHD patients. Methods: A total of 355 LHD patients admitted to our hospital from 2014-01 to 2015-05 were enrolled. According to 2009 ESC/ERS guidelines, PH was deifned by pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP)>50 mmHg and patients were divided into 2 groups: LHD group,n=224 and PH-LHD group,n=131. The basic information with blood levels of biomarkers was recorded and their accuracy for predicting PH was analyzed. Results: The pathogenesis of LHD included 184 (51.83%) patients of coronary heart disease, 90 (25.35%) of dilated cardiomyopathy and 81 (22.81%) of cardiac valve heart disease. Compared with LHD group, PH-LHD group had increased ratio of NYHA III and IV degree (89.31% vs 45.54%), decreased LVEF [42.0 (33.0, 59.0) % vs 60.0 (42.0, 65.0) %], all P<0.001; PH-LHD group presented elevated blood levels of BNP, bilirubin, red cell distribution width (RDW), uric acid and cystatin C, while reduced lipoprotein (HDL), allP<0.001. PASP was positively related to biomarkers as BNP, bilirubin, RDW, uric acid and cystatin C, while negatively related to HDL. With the combination of BNP, direct bilirubin and RDW, the predictive value for PH-LHD under ROC curve was 0.828 with the sensitivity at 0.813, speciifcity at 0.708. Conclusion: Blood levels of biochemical markers were statistically different between the patients of PH-LHD and LHD; the combination of BNP, direct bilirubin and RDW showed the higher accuracy for predicting PH occurrence in LHD patients.

To investigate the effects of anti-sense peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) targeting Ki-67 gene on modulation of the proliferation and apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cell lines, human renal carcinoma cell line 786-0 cells were treated with anti-sense PNAs at different concentrations (1.0 micromol/L, 2.0 micromol/L, 10.0 micromol/L). The Ki-67 expression of 786-0 cells was detected by immunohistochemical technique and Western blot method respectively. The proliferation of 786-0 cells was studied by cell growth curves and 3H-thymidine incorporation. The apoptosis of 786-0 cells was detected by TUNEL assay. The control groups were treated with anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASODNs) targeting Ki-67 gene. Our results showed that the Ki-67 expression of 786-0 cells treated with anti-sense PNAs (16.9+/-0.7) was significantly inhibited as compared with that of the control groups (28.6+/-0.4) (P<0.01). The Ki-67 protein rate of 786-0 cells treated with anti-sense PNAs (42.1 +/-2.2) was significantly reduced when compared with that of the control groups (83.6+/- 1.4) (P<0.01). Proliferation of 786-0 cells treated with anti-sense PNAs (20.7+/- 1.5) was significantly inhibited as compared with that of the control groups (58.6+/- 1.4) (P<0.01). The apoptosis rate of 786-0 cells treated with anti-sense PNAs (28.7+/- 2.3) was significantly increased higher compared with that of the control groups (13.8 +/- 1.0) (P<0.01). From these finds we are led to conclude that anti-sense PNAs targeting Ki-67 gene have stronger effects on the inhibition of the proliferation and induction of apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cells than ASODNs targeting Ki-67 gene. The strategies using anti-sense PNAs targeting Ki-67 gene may be a promising approach for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effects of repetitive ultraviolet A(UVA) radiation on the endocytosis and intracellular degradation of extracellular elastin by human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs), and to explore the mechanism responsible for elastin accumulation in photoaging skin. Methods Cultured HDFs were divided into two groups:repetitive UVA radiation group treated with UVA radiation(9.9 J/cm2)once a day for seven consecutive days to establish a chronic photodamage model, and blank control group receiving no treatment. For the verification of the model, flow cytometry was performed to detect cell cycle, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining to determine the degree of cell senescence. Fluorescent tracer technique and conjugated polymer-based fluorescence quenching technique were conducted to observe the endocytosis and intracellular degradation of extracellular elastin in culture media by HDFs in these groups. Results Compared with the blank control group, the repetitive UVA radiation group showed increased proportions of G1-phase cells and senescent cells, which confirmed the successful establishment of chronic photodamage model in the repetitive UVA radiation group. After coculture with elastin for 24, 48 and 72 hours, the endocytosis rate of elastin was 10.0% ± 1.4%, 27.8% ± 4.2% and 39.9% ± 4.1% respectively in the blank control group, 9.9% ± 1.6%, 28.3% ± 5.1% and 42.0% ± 5.7% respectively in the repetitive UVA radiation group, with no significant difference between the two groups at the three time points (all P > 0.05). The percentage of cells showing intracellular degradation of extracellular elastin was significantly lower in the repetitive UVA radiation group than in the blank control group (4.2% ± 1.1% vs. 7.7% ± 0.9% at 24 hours, 16.5% ± 2.4% vs. 22.8% ± 1.8% at 48 hours, 26.7% ± 2.6% vs. 33.9% ± 3.1% at 72 hours, all P < 0.05). Conclusions UVA radiation at 9.9 J/cm2 for 7 consecutive days can decrease the intracellular degradation of extracellular elastin by HDFs, but has no obvious effect on endocytosis of elastin.

AIM: To investigate the effect of venous marker chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor Ⅱ (COUP-TFⅡ) expression on vascular endothelial cell senescence and its molecular mechanism.METHODS: The mRNA expression of COUP-TFⅡ in the human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was detected by RT-qPCR.After transfection with a COUP-TFⅡ siRNA (siCOUP-TFⅡ) to inhibit COUP-TFⅡ expression in the HUVEC, the senescence and proliferation of endothelial cells were evaluated by β-galactosidase staining, Western blot, CCK-8 assay and cell counting after treatment with 10-5 mol/L angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ).The protein levels of Akt and p-Akt were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with the HCAEC, COUP-TFⅡ was significantly highly expressed in the HUVEC.Knockdown of COUP-TFⅡ via siCOUP-TFⅡ significantly induced endothelial cell senescence and inhibited endothelial cell proliferation and p-Akt level after treatment with AngⅡ at 10-5 mol/L.Furthermore, an Akt activator SC79 at 4 mg/L partly reversed the effect of siCOUP-TFⅡ on AngⅡ-induced endothelial cell senescence and proliferation.CONCLUSION: Knockdown of COUP-TFⅡ promotes endothelial cell senescence and inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, which might be partly regulated by Akt signaling.

Administration, Intravaginal ; Administration, Rectal ; Anti-Infective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Female ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; psychology

Objective To express,purify and identify recombinant hepatitis E virus(HEV) pb166-GST fusion protein using GST gene fusion system and investigate its potential role in researching Hepatitis E diagnostic antigen field.Methods The recombinant E.coli BL21 performed by our own laboratory was used to induce the HEV pb166-GST expression with IPTG.The products were purified by BD Biosience GST purifying system.The specific expression was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The experiment conditions and results were described and analysed.Results The resolved HEV pb166-GST fusion protein on SDS-PAGE showed a major band at position of 43 kD.The expressed proteins had a single expected band after purify and the protein was recognized by anti-GST antibody on PVDF membrane.Conclusion The recombinant HEV pb166-GST fusion protein is expressed in recombinant E.coli BL21 efficiently in this way,and might be used as a candidate for diagnostic antigen of HEV.

AIMTo evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of chitosan-coated and sodium alginate-coated insulin liposomes after oral administration in mice.

METHODSInsulin-liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. Chitosan and alginate coating was carried out by mixing liposomal suspension with chitosan and sodium alginate solutions, followed by incubation. The particle size and morphology of insulin-liposomes were determined using laser light scattering instrument and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The entrapment efficiency was analyzed using HPLC and ultracentrifuge. The protection of insulin from peptic and tryptic digestion was studied with HPLC. The hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharide-coated insulin liposomes were investigated using the glucose oxidase method after oral administration in mice.

RESULTSThe particle size of uncoated, chitosan-coated and alginate-coated insulin-liposomes was (138 +/- 31) nm, (230 +/- 20) nm and (266 +/- 19) nm, respectively. All insulin-liposomes were of spherical or ellipsoidal shape. The entrapment efficiencies were 81.6%, 73.5% and 68.7%, respectively. Insulin was protected from tryptic digestion by chitosan-coated liposomes and protected from peptic digestion by alginate-coated liposomes. The hypoglycemic effects of insulin-liposomes, coated with 0.1% chitosan and 0.1% sodium alginate, were observed.

CONCLUSIONChitosan-coated and sodium alginate-coated liposomes were shown to reduce peptic or tryptic digestion on insulin, and enhance enteral absorption of insulin.

Administration, Oral ; Alginates ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glucuronic Acid ; Hexuronic Acids ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Liposomes ; Male ; Mice ; Particle Size ; Random Allocation ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anatomical features of iliac bone grafts used for mandibular reconstruction and dental implantation.

METHODSSixteen cadavers were dissected. The length, width, height and cortical thickness of the iliac bone were measured with respect to points determined by the relative dimensions of the bone.

RESULTSThe length of iliac bone graft was (77.2 ± 6.1) mm. The height was from (38.2 ± 4.2) mm to (41.9 ± 4.7) mm. The width decreased from iliac crest to base line. The least width 10 mm and 15 mm away from iliac crest were (8.4 ± 2.2) mm and (6.5 ± 2.1) mm respectively. The greatest mean cross-sectional cortical thickness at the intermediate line of the iliac crest was (3.4 ± 0.8) mm.

CONCLUSIONSAnatomical features of iliac bone are suitable for designing bone grafts for mandibular reconstruction followed by dental implantation.

Bone Transplantation ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; methods ; Humans ; Ilium ; anatomy & histology ; transplantation ; Mandible ; surgery ; Mandibular Reconstruction ; methods