Objective To study the mechanism of gastric bypass operation on treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus,recognize the etiology and pathogenesy of the disease and frame therapy strategy for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods The literatures about gastric bypass operation on treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus,including clinical cases reports and evidence-based studies were reviewed.Results Gastrointestinal bypass operation was regarded as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.There were three hypotheses of therapy mechanism: early delivery of nutrients to the distal intestine,exclusion of the proximal intestine and incretin/anti-incretin.Conclusion Gastrointestinal bypass operation is now considering as an effective treatment,there is still a lack of basic experimental studies to clarify the mechanism.

Objective To determine the tasks that health human resources of technicians in the medical laboratory specialty ought to fulfill, the factors that affect performance and the estimation of demands. Methods Such methods as analyzing medical records, tasks and health demands were used. Results The current situation of health human resources of technicians is as follows: Those with intermediate, junior or no professional titles respectively account for 46.5%, 36.5% and 11.6%; those with a master's or a bachelor's degree or a degree from a polytechnic college or school respectively account for 2.0%, 8.2%, 42.9% and 40.8%; and others account for 6.1%. The average utilization ratio of laboratory service by inpatients and outpatients is respectively 96.7% and 49.5%; and the average utilization of laboratory service per inpatient and per outpatient is respectively 12.5 and 2.2 times. Of the average daily service volume, emergency, outpatient and inpatient, microbiological, immune serum, and biochemical tests respectively account for 8.3%, 3.0%, 8.1%, 7.8% and 72.8%. The chief tasks of the technicians are performing laboratory operations and assisting the physicians with the reporting of the laboratory results. The demand for health human resources of technicians in the laboratory specialty in the hospitals across the country numbers 89 920 people. Conclusion The results of the study will provide health administrative departments, medical institutions and medical education departments with basis for strengthening human resources management and formulating educational plans.

Objective To determine the levels of serum FSH and E 2 in the patients with uterus preserved or hysterectomy so as to guide the selection of operative modality for the patients with hysteromyoma and hormone replacement therapy for the patients with hysterectomy. Methods Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to detect the levels of serum FSH and E 2 in the patients with uterius preserved or after hysterectomy and control group. There were 60 subjects in each group. Results Before operation, there was no significant difference in the levels of serum FSH and E 2 among myomectomy group, hysterectomy group and control group. The level was higher of serum FSH and lower of serum E 2 in the hysterectomy group 7 days after operation than those in the myomectomy group and the hysterectomy group before operation (P

Objective To approach the reason and treatment of arrhythmia after total pneumonectomy. Methods 94 arrhythmic cases after total pneumonectomy surgery were reviewed, the arrhythmia's clinical types, developing reasons and treatment process were summarized. Results There are 34 arrhythmic cases (36.2%) in all the 94 patients, most of them are sinus tachycardia. The incidences of arrhythmic are about 22.5 % and 78.3 % for normal and abnormal ECG patients before operation. The incidences of arrhythmic are also about 24.2% and 28.1% for using PCEA or not using any pain killers after surgery. Conclusion Arrhythmia after total pneumonectomy was influenced by patients' age, previous medical history, suffered hypoxemia during operation and high cardiac irritability. Using interventional treatment for patients with cardiovascular disease before operation, give enough oxygen, keep respiratory tract ease and smooth and using analgesia can significantly decease the arrhythmic incidence after total pneumonectomy.

Objective To evaluate the effect of progesterone (PROG) on promoting peripheral nerve collateral growth and nerve regeneration after terminolateral neurorrhaphy (TLN). Methods Thirty-six female SD rats were from nine to ten weeks old and weighed from 250 to 270 grams. They were randomly divided into two groups by different drugs they were administrated, the PROG group and the control group. Both groups were subdivide into three groups respectively, PROG four weeks group, PROG eight weeks group, PROG twelve weeks group, control four weeks group, control eight weeks group and control twelve weeks group. There were six subjects in every subgroups. First, both groups were performed ovariectomy. Then, two weeks later, TLN was operated. In the PROG group, the left peroneal nerve was transected, then an 1mm epineukral window was created on the neighbouring. The distal end of peroneal nerve was sutured to the windowed tibial nerve by means of end-to-side attachment. In the control group, nerve TLN was performed as in the PROG group, 0.2ml (10mg/ml) PROG and tea-oil (the solvent of PROG) was injected by subcutaneous injection for days in PROG group and control group respectively. Electrophysiological, histolgicial and morphological examinations were measured at 4,8, and 12 weeks after the operation. Results Regeneration of peroneal nerve occurred in both groups. All the data were analysed by factorial designed analysis of variance. The output demonstrated that there was a signficant difference in the quality of regeneration of peroneal between PROG group and control group (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between proteinuria components and the severity of pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome (PIH), the unconcentrated urine samples from patients with PIH were analyzed on proteinuria components by electrophoresis.Methods Proteinuria components were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis (SDS-AGE) in unconcentrated urine samples from PIH patients (PIH group,n=114) and normal third trimester pregnant women (control group,n=110).Results Eleven kinds of urinary protein were detected in the PIH group and four in the control group. The results showed positive relationship between the urine protein component complexity and the severity of PIH (P

Objective To evaluate arthroscopic PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) reconstruction with an implant fixaliun of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique.Methods Thirteen cases with PCL injury were treated with arthroscopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique between April,2002 to June,2005.The patients were followed up fur at least seven months to evaluate the clinical effects by means of ROM of the joint,post drawer test,Lachman test,Lysholm and IKDC (International Knee Documents Committee) scores.Results The patients were followed up for an average of 13.4 months.No limitation of knee extension was found six months after operation.Eleven patients had normal knee flexion(＞140?), one had knee flexion of 120?and one 100?.In posterior drawer test,11 patients were gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.In Lachman test,11 patients were rated as within gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.By Lysholm knee function scale,the average knee scores were 90.47?4.13 and 78.82?2.46 respectively before and after operation,and the dif- ference was of statistical significance (t=2.416,P=0.029).By IKDC scale,six were grade A,five grade B and one grade C.Conclusion Arthroseopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique is a reliable method to restore knee function and will have a prospect of wide application be- cause of its good tissue biocompatibility,less invasion,and less operative expenditure.

Objective To study the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its relation with expression of receptor (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor uPAR) in epithelial ovari- an cancer (OEC) and with the clinic prognosis.Methods Expression of uPA and uPAR protein was detected by Streptavidin-biotin-HRP in 68 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer and compared with that in 10 cases of borderline tumor,10 cases of benign tumor and 10 cases of normal tissue,and correlation between them was analyzed.The different expression groups of uPA was correlated with the prognosis of ovarian epithelial can- cer.The expression of uPA showed a correlation with short survival time (P

OBJECTIVE To study the status of five pathogen mixed infection in sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) and analyze the clinical meaning.METHODS We detected five common pathogens by fluorescence polymerase chain reaction,which were Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG),Chlamydia trachomatis(CT),Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu),human papilloma virus(HPV),Candida albicans(Ca),and herpes simplex virus.RESULTS We analyzed the status of infection among 4 601 patients,got 279 mixed infection cases,accounted for 6.1% in all cases;and the population with ages from 21 to 40 years was accounted for 89.6%. CONCLUSIONS Fluorescence polymerase chain reaction is a simple,rapid,high sensibility technique for quantitation testing of STDs pathogens,and we should pay great heed to its effective control.