A novel layered target is designed to evaluating the axial resolution of very -high -frequency B -type ultrasonoscope. Compared with the conventional target made of tungsten wire, the target proves to be accurate, reliable and easy to make and to use, and thus it is a potential gauge or a test tool.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of body dysmorphic disorder questionnaire (BDDQ) Chinese version. Methods A total of 222 participants from a plastic surgery department were enrolled in the study by systematic sampling. They were measured with BDDQ Chinese version and interviewed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-]V-TR-Patients( SCID/P) to evaluate the validity. Fifty participants were assessed again after two weeks to evaluate the test-retest reliability. Results The sensitivity of BDDQ Chinese version was 100% and the specificity was 93%. The correlation coefficient of each item was between 0. 808 and 1.000(P＜ 0.001). Conclusion BDDQ Chinese version has fairly high reliability and validity. Thus, it can be used as a screening diagnosis tool for BDD.

Objective To assess the role of various factors in the sterilization effect of ozone in water and provide the basic data for the correct use of ozone generator. Methods E.coli 8099 was employed as the indicative bacteria. The effect of killing E.coli 8099 by ozone in water was detected under various conditions,such as temperature,pH value,flux. Results The inactivated rates of indicative bacteria were 99.99%～100% by ozone in five minutes under the basic condition of 20 ℃,pH=7.0 and ozone flow of 1 L/min. The bactericidal effect was relatively better at low temperature and low pH value,the high flow of ozone led low sterilization effect of ozone. Conclusion High temperature,higher pH value,higher flow is not conducive for ozone to be dissolved in water,thereby will affect the bactericidal effects of ozone.

Objective:To investigate genotypes and alleles' distributions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) gene (CCTTT)n polymorphism in Han nationality in the southwest of China,and make comparisons with different race or the same race in different areas.Methods:The (CCTTT)n polymorphisms of NOS2 gene were analyzed in a total of 205 southwestern Chinese healthy subjects by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-8% denature polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)-silver staining and DNA sequencing.Results:(1)Nine alleles and thirty genotypes were identified.(2)(CCTTT) 9,(CCTTT) 10 ,(CCTTT) 12 ,(CCTTT) 13 alleles frequencies of NOS2 gene in Chinese Han population in southwestern area differed significantly from those in northern area.(3)(CCTTT) 9,(CCTTT) 10 ,(CCTTT) 11 ,(CCTTT) 15 ,(CCTTT) 16 alleles frequencies of NOS2 gene in Han population of the southwest of China differed significantly from those of Caucasians in England.Conclusion:The (CCTTT)n microsatellite polymorphisms of NOS2 gene are different not only among different ethnic populations but also within the same population of different areas, which may be of significance in the studies on relationship between genetics and disease.

The informed consent is the principle of medical ethics with which all the doctors in hospital should consistently comply in their medical therapy. Particularly in operation therapy, it is so important for doctors to insist on this medical ethics principle which embodies the specific principle for patients' dectisions for themselves. This accords with the general norm of medical ethics that patients are respected by the hospital. This principle is the morality requirement for operation therapy, and also one of the important measures for effectively reducing and avoiding medical disputes.

Spontaneous retinal venous pulsations(SVPs) appears in 90％ of normal persons.It is seen as a rhythmic subtle narrow and expansion of one or more retinal veins on the optic disc.Many researches have demonstrated that SVPs could be applied to the intracranial pressure(ICP) monitoring as well as diagnoses and fellow up of glaucoma.But there is no corresponding domestic research in this field up to now.Although the physiological mechanism of the venous pulsations has been the point of much debate,its potential clinical value attract our attention.The present paper reviewed the progress in current understanding of the mechanism behind the SVPs,the examination method and application of SVPs in clinical study.

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of modified minimally-invasive transverse-vertical epicanthoplasty in double-eyelid plastic with three points at the same period.Methods87 cases with mild or moderate epicanthus and oriental eyelid were involved in our research.Epicanthoplasty was performed based on the principle of transversevertical plasty.The curvilinear incision of epicanthoplasty was made between the desired point of the new medial canthus and the lower lacrimal point,the malpositioned orbicularis oculi muscle excised after skin undermining,the superficial head of the medial canthal tendon plicated or anchored to the lateral nasal aponeurosis and the incision closed after skin redraping.Double-eyelid plastic with three points was performed as usual,however,the incision of eyelid plastic was connected with the incision of epicanthoplasty by skin tunnel in which a strip of orbicularis oculi muscle was excised.Results87 cases were followed-up for 3 to 24 months.The cosmetic results of the new medial canthi were satisfactory with new figure and inconspicuous scar.The contours of the double eyelids were natural.No incisional scar presented between the medial canthi and the upper eyelids.No recurrence of epicanthus was observed.ConclusionThe modified mini-incisional transverse-vertical epicanthoplasty together with double-eyelid plastic with three points is a simple and effective feasible surgical approach for correction of epicanthus and oriental eyelid.

ObjectiveTo study the curative effect of axillary osmidrosis,that incision in armpit wrinkle,orthoptic cut off the gland to thick skin flap.MethodsCollected double-sided axillary osmidrosis 163 patients,all of them accepted armpit wrinkle incision,the scope of surgical operation super the armpit hair distribute 1 cm,swelling anaesthesia,orthoptic cut off the armpit organization 5 mm under skin included apocrine sweat gland,kept the operation scope to vessel net flap under skin.Hematischesis thoroughly used a double pole electricity hemostasis,kept drainage after operation,bandaged in pressure,took out sutures after 9 days.The foul smell standard referenced the Tung-Chain standard of axillary osmidrosis curative effect evaluation.ResultsThree hundred and twenty armpits (98.16％,320/326) were cure,6 armpits (1.84％,6/326) were excellence.The armpit hair variety:obvious reduce 322 armpits(98.77％,322/326),general reduce 4 armpits(1.23％,4/326).Perspire condition:obvious reduce 324 armpits(99.39％,324/326),improve but no obvious reduce 2 armpits ( 0.61％,2/326).The average surgical operation recovery time was about 9 days.Complication:necrosis on the edge of the skin was 8 armpits,scar formation on the incision was 3 armpits,hematoma was 1 armpit,shoulder joint limitation of activity was 0 armpit.ConclusionThe method of axillary osmidrosis treatment useing thick skin flap in armpit wrinkle,which has extermination foundation of anatomy and pathology,which can cause axillary osmidrosis,this operation is simple,curative effect is credible,the wound is small,complication is little etc,utmost matching the principle of orthopedic surgery,worthy of clinical application.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and plasma D-dimer (D-D) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods The clinical data of 76 patients with AECOPD (AECOPD group) and 68 patients with stable COPD (stable COPD group) were analyzed retrospectively.Serum NT-proBNP,plasma D-D levels and arterial blood gas analysis were measured and compared.Results The levels of serum NT-proBNP and plasma D-D in AECOPD group were (918 ± 271) ng/L and (0.269 ±0.048) mg/L,in stable COPD group were (264 ± 32) ng/L and (0.223 ± 0.042) mg/L.The levels of serum NT-proBNP and plasma D-D in AECOPD group were significantly higher than those in stable COPD group (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of serum NT-proBNP and plasma D-D were negatively correlated with arterial blood oxygen partial pressure (r =-0.181,P =0.030;r =-0.166,P =0.047),and were positively correlated with arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (r =0.763,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.424,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Combined detection of serum NT-proBNP and plasma D-D has important clinical significance in evaluating severity of COPD,and may indicate AECOPD.

BACKGROUND: Severe or prolonged stress is harmful to health and even induces many mental and physical disorders and then impairs cognitire functions of the organism.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of stress on the changes in amino acid and chronic stress on long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampus of rats.DESIGN: Completely randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Mental Health Center of Shantou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Medical College of Shantou University in December 2000. Totally 16 adult male SD rats were divided randomly into control group and stress group with 8 in each group.METHODS: Mice in stress group were swum compulsively for 4 weeds.Chronic stress model was established, and isolated hippocampal slice(500 μm) combined with electrophysiological technique was used to observe the changes of LTP in hippocampal CA1 field. High-frequency stimulation (HFS) was applied to Schaffer collaterals in hippocampus CA3, then the changes of PS amplitude and fEPSPs slope in CA1 pyramidal neurons were observed. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with UV detection was used for the quantificative analysis of hippocampal amino-acid neurotransmitters.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Population spike (PS) amplitude and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) slope were used to indicate the changes of LTP. ② Changes of amino acid of hippocampus.RESULTS: One rat in stress group died because of drowning in the second week of experiment was supplied, and others entered the final analysis. ① The increases of PS amplitude and fEPSPs slope after HFS in control group were significantly higher than those in stress group (P＜ 0.05). ② The levels of aspartate and glutamate in control group were significantly lower than those in stress group [(2.425±0.211) μmol/g,(6.016±0.677) μmol/g. P＜ 0.01; (4.746±0.609) μmol/g. (8.094±1.035) μmol/g.P ＜ 0.01]; but there was no significant difference of γ-aminobutyric acid between control and stress groups [(4.229±0.449) μmol/g, (4.249± 0.463) μmol/g, P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: It is suggested that chronic stress can inhibit the development of LTP in hippocampal CA1 field and increase the levels of hippocampal aspartate and glutamate, but does not affect the level of γ-aminobutyric acid. The accumulation of hippocampal excitatory amino acids induced by chronic stress may be the neurobiochemical basis of impairments in learning and memory abilities.