The establishment animal model of Graves’ disease contributes to the study of etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic modalities. After decades of studies and making improvements, the method of building mice model of Graves’disease has achieved a great development. Although there were many reports of animal model building in Graves’disease, as a mature technology A-subunit of thyrotropin receptor( TSHR)-expressing adenovirus was used to establish Graves’disease mice model, which has been accepted widely because of its high efficacy.

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the overall situation about the study on compatible stability of drugs. METHODS: The compatible stability of drugs reported in a total of 113 articles in 2005 in 52 kinds of periodicals were retrieved from CHKD and summarized analytically. RESULTS: The drug categories involved were chiefly antibiotics (59%), Chinese traditional medicines or Chinese drug components (20%) and other drugs (21%). Quantitative analyses in 91 articles were chiefly conducted by ultraviolet spectrophotometry (79%) or HPLC (20%). CONCLUSION: Because the ultraviolet spectrophotometry was greatly used and some experimental designs were not well-knit enough, the reliability of experimental results of compatible stability of drugs might be seriously affected, which poses a great danger to the clinical compatible use of drugs.

Objective:To observe the 5-year outcomes and complications after cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation in children with bilateral congenital cataract.Methods:An observational case series study was performed.A total of 72 children (144 eyes), aged 2 to 7 years, who received intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexies and anterior vitrectomy after cataract extraction for bilateral congenital cataract in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2007 to January 2012 were enrolled.All the patients underwent refractive correction and amblyopia training two weeks after the second operative eye underwent surgery.The patients were divided into 2-3 years old group (64 eyes), 4-5 years old group (48 eyes) and 6-7 years old group (32 eyes) according to their age at surgery.The preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, axial length, corneal curvature, binocular visual function and postoperative complications were observed during the 5-year follow-up period.The influence of age at surgery on postoperative BCVA in one eye at the final follow-up visit was analyzed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Affiliated First Hospital of Zhengzhou University (No.2020-KY-219), and written informed consent was obtained from guardians of the subjects before treatment.Results:The mean myopic shift was -2.10(-2.90, -1.90), -1.73(-2.50, -2.10) and-0.52(-2.00, -0.28)D in the 2-3 years old group, 4-5 years old group and 6-7 years old group, respectively, and the axial elongation in the three groups was (1.41±0.32), (0.96±0.51), and (0.52±0.26)mm, respectively, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant ( H=19.85, P<0.01; F=13.24, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative and postoperative corneal curvature among the three groups (all at P>0.05).The BCVA was significantly improved in all the eyes after operation, and a certain binocular visual function was obtained, and the visual function in the 2-3 years old group was better than that of 4-5 years old group and 6-7 years old group (all at P<0.05).The BCVA at the end of following-up was 0.3 or better in 116 eyes (80.56%), and was better than 0.8 in 28 eyes (19.44%).The regression analysis results showed that children younger at surgery had better visual outcome (postoperative BCVA=0.959-0.104 operative age of patient; R2=0.539, P<0.01). Conclusions:The recovery of visual function in children with binocular congenital cataract is related to the age at operation.The younger the age at operation is, the better the recovery of visual function will be.Timely, systematic and standardized refractive correction, amblyopia treatment and binocular visual function training after operation are helpful to the development and reconstruction of visual function.

To analyze the CT features of solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas (SPTP), and correlation with the pathological findings of the disease so as to improve the diagnostic abilities, the CT images and the clinical manifestations, we retrospectively analyzed the pathological materials of 23 cases with surgery and pathology proved SPTP. In the 23 patients, 21 cases were female (91.3%) and 2 were male (8.7%). The most common symptom was abdominal discomfort with dull pain in 12 patients (52.2%). Others included the pancreatic mass that was detected incidentally during physical examination in 9 patients (39.1%), nausea/vomiting in 2 patients (8.7%). And 1 case of female patients had 2 lesions. In the 24 tumors, 6 cases were located at the head (25.0%), 3 were at neck (12.5%), 8 cases were at body (33.3%), and 7 cases were at tail of pancreas respectively (29.2%). The long-axis diameter ranged from 2.1 cm to 20.1 cm (mean 6.4 cm). 9 tumors were mostly solid component (37.5%), 10 tumors were contained similar proportion of solid and cystic part (41.7%), and mainly cystic components in 5 tumors (20.8%). In 9 of the 23 patients, calcification was found in the tumor (39.1%). In 2 of the 23 patients, bleeding was seen in the mass (8.7%). The dilation of intrahepatic bile duct was found in 1 patient (8.7%). Liver metastasis was showed in one patient (8.7%). On post-contrast CT scan, solid parts demonstrated mild enhancement at the arterial phase. At the portal phase, solid parts were enhanced continuously in all cases, and the enhancement degrees were lower than normal pancreatic tissue. The cystic parts of all lesions showed no enhancement. Pseudo papillary structure, hemorrhage, necrosis, or cystic degeneration were found in all patients by histological study. In a word, SPTP has comparatively characteristic CT imaging features consistent with histological features, when combined with clinical manifestations, could be correctly diagnosed and differentially diagnosed.
Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Pancreas ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To establish stable Graves disease (GD) mice models with immunization and electroporation (EP).Methods Fifty mice were divided into 3 groups by random number table method:experimental group (n =30),control group (n =10),blank group (n =10).Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/hTSHR268 was constructed and injected to bilateral gastrocnemius in experimental group mice on the 1st,4th,7th and 10th week.The same volume of normal saline was injected in the control group and blank group at the same time.Both experimental group and control group were subjected to EP at the same time and the same location to enhance immunization.Serum T4 was tested with radioimmunoassay.TRAb N-terminal (TRAb N) and TRAb C-terminal (TRAb C) antibodies were tested with ELISA.Whole body 99TcmO4-imaging was performed and then thyroid morphology and pathology were investigated.Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference (LSD) t test.Results GD BALB/c mice models were built successfully (80％,24/30).Serum T4 increased from (16.06±5.16) nmol/L at the basic level to(95.04±68.92) nmol/L on the 12th week(F=18.906,t=-5.598,P＜0.05).Serum TRAb N antibody increased from (0.006±0.002) U/L at the basic level to (0.251±0.110) U/L on the 12th week(F=47.491,t=-10.869,P＜0.05).Serum TRAb C antibody increased from (11.176±2.635)×103 arbitrary unit (AU)/L at the basic level to (46.395±22.001)× 103 AU/L on the 12th week(F=14.642,t =-7.787,P＜0.05).On the 18th week serum T4,TRAb N and TRAb C decreased to (36.64±23.68) nmol/L,(0.094±0.053) U/L and (24.456±6.725)× 103 AU/L respectively,which were still higher than those preimmune levels(t=-4.161,-8.085,-9.008,all P＜0.05).There were no significant change of T4,TRAb N and TRAb C in the control group and blank group.After 4 times of immunization,the 99TcmO4-uptake by thyroids in immunized mice increased.The thyroid glands of immunized mice showed enlargement.Microscope examination showed that there were lymphocytes infiltration,colloid decrease and epithelial cell proliferation in thyroids of immunized mice.Conclusion GD mice models were successfully established by injecting recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/hTSHR268 and EP.

Objective To evaluate the advantages of MR LAVA multi-phase dynamic contrast enhancement in abdominal MRI.Methods 42 cases which clinically suspected liver lesions and 15 normal volunteers underwent MRI examination,including routine T_1WI and T_2WI scan,T_1W 2D and 3D FSPGR,LAV A multi-phase contrast enhancement.The detecting rates of 2D,3D and LAVA images were analysed and the signal noise ratio(SNR)of the liver and spleen was observed.Results 68 lesions were detected by LAVA sequence,the detecting rate was 100%,the accurate rate of diagnosis was 95.6%(65/68),while the detecting rates of the lesions were 91.2%(62/68)and 89.7%(61/68)with 3D T1W FSPGR and 2D T1W FSPGR,respectively,the accurate rates in diagnosing the lesions were 76.5%(52/68)and 70.6%(48/68)with 3D and 2D sequences,respectively.The SNR of liver,spleen of 15 normal volunteers were:29.68±2.31 in liver,36.21 ±3.67 in spleen at LAVA plain scan,46.21 ±5.32 in liver,58.75±4.68 in spleen at 2D T_1W FSPGR,19.79±2.23 in liver,23.63±2.14 in spleen at 3D T_1W FSPGR,41.75±5.13 in liver,57.96±6.13 in spleen at LAVA contrast enhancement,56.33±5.63 in liver,63.21±5.32 in spleen at 2D contrast enhancement,29.05±4.68 in liver,46.37±5.17 in spleen at 3D contrast enhancement sequence.Conclusion LAVA multi-phase dynamic contrast enhancement is more predominant than T1W 2D and 3D and 3D FSPGR in displaying the lesions and blood vessels of liver.

Objective To investigate the effects of flumazenil and naloxone on scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial working memory in rats.Methods Forty pathogen-free SD rats weighing 160-200 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=10 each):group I control(group C);group IIscopolamine(group S);group III flumazenil+scopolamine(group SF)and group IV naloxone+scopolamine(group SN).Scopolamine 0.8 mg/kg was administered IP once a day for 3 consecutive days in group II-IV.In group SF and SN flumazenil 0.5 mg/kg and naloxone 2 mg/kg were administered IP respectively once a day for 3 consecutive days in addition to scopolamine.Thirty minutes after last IP administration,cognitive function was assessed using Y-maze.The animals were killed after cognitive function assessment and bilateral hippocampi Were isolated for determination of mAChRM1 mRNA expression(by RT-PCR)and detection of ChAT positive neurons(by immuno-histochemistry).Results Cognitive dysfunction developed in group S as compared with control group and was ameliorated in group SF and SN.The number of ChAT positive neurong and mAChRM1 mRNA expression were significantly decreased in group S compared with control group and were significantly higher in group SF and SN than in group S.Conclusion Flumazenll and naloxone can ameliorate the scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial working memory by improving cholinergic neuron function.

Objective:To investigate effects of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney and their combination before and after exercise on relative indexes of metabolism of glucose and amino acids.Methods:Strengthening the spleen alone,tonifying the kidney alone or their combination before and after exercise was given to the rat receiving 7-week gradually increasing load exercise on a running platform,and after quantitative load,contents of serum lactic acid,urea nitrogen,glucose,hepatic glycogen,muscle glycogen,hemoglobin,and malondialdehyde(MDA)in renal tissue and activity of superoxide dismulase(SOD)in the renal tissue were determined.Results:Strengthening the spleen before exercise increased hepatic and muscle glycogen contents,and tonifying the kidney before exercise increased muscle glycogen content,and strengthening the spleen combined with tonifying the kidney before and after exercise increased hemoglobin level,strengthening the spleen followed by tonifying the kidney before exercise decreased serum lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels,increased muscle glycogen content and SOD activity/MDA content ratio in the kidney.Conclusion:Strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney play a certain role in reducing motion-related fatigue,while strengthening the spleen followed by tonifying the kidney before exercise has the best results.

Objective To discuss the effect of psychological intervention on prevention of posloperation infection in patients with breast cancer .Methods 336 patients with breast cancer after operation were divided into the control group and the intervention group with 168 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing while the intervention group Was given psychological intervention based upon routine nursing.The incidence of postopemtion infection was observed in the two groups.Results Incidenc of infection took place in 27 patients(8.04%)among 336 cases.The incidence rate infection in the control group was 12.50%,which was evidently higher than that of the intervention group(3.57%),x2=9.06,P＜0.01.The infection location and time in the intervention group was better than that of the control group.Conclusion Psychological intervention could reduce the incidence rate of posteperation infection in patients with breast cancer.

Objective To seek out the factors that influenced the mortality of population due to heat wave in Shanghai in summer(15 June-15 September). Methods Daily data of mortality of all causes, meteorological and air pollution in Shanghai in 1998 and 2003 were collected. Multivariate analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between mortality and heat wave intensity, duration, and timing within the summer season and air pollution concentrations. Results The heat wave in 1998 was more severe and caused a higher mortality than that in 2003. In 1998 heat wave, the heat wave duration,timing within the summer season were significantly associated with the daily number of deaths,while in 2003, besides the above two factors the daily maximum temperature also played an important role. Air pollution level slightly increased in heat wave and some factors such as air conditioner number, living space and urban greenbelt area could be used to explain the distinctive difference of heat related mortality between 1998 and 2003. Conclusion High temperature is the crucial factor for the high mortality of population due to heat wave in Shanghai in summer(15 June-15 September) in 1998 and 2003. Using air condition and enlarging living space will help to decrease the mortality.