In order to improve the performance of the photorefraction device,shorten the detection time and improve the accuracy of measuring,the theory of a new kind of double-cranny eccentric photorefraction device is described.Some features and key point of technology are emphatically pointed out.A method is put forward to determine the ocular diopter by image processing.

Assurance system of Medical Quality is the core of teaching quality assurance work from colleges itself.This paper analysed the major factors affecting the teaching quality such as teachers,students,the teaching environment,teaching management based on quality management theory,making use of information technology to support the implementation of quality assurance system,constructing a system composed of five quality security system framework and forming protection of the quality of teaching based on information.

Objective To explore the relationship between restoring Gissane angle and prognosis in calcaneal fracture surgery. Methods Forty patients with single side calcaneal fracture (SandersⅡ-Ⅲ), Gissane angle changed more than 15°and having performed open reduction and internal fixation with steel plate were enrolled. In them, 25 patients (experimental group) recovered Gissane angle in surgery referencing the healthy side with X-rays. Another 15 patients (control group) didn't recover Gissane angle. The ratio of calcaneum height and length was measured at 1 week after surgery. At 6 and 12 months after surgery, the function were valued by Maryland score. Results The ratio of calcaneum height and length in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group:0.60± 0.04 vs. 0.55±0.05, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). All the patients were followed up. At 6 and 12 months after surgery, the Maryland score in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group:(88.9± 5.7) scores vs. (80.5±7.3) scores and (89.5 ±5.5) scores vs. (82.5 ±6.4) scores, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Restoring Gissane angle is benefitial for prognosis. So in calcaneal fracture surgery, the Gissane angle should be recovered as much as possible referencing the healthy side.

A totel of 120 patients with CT or MRI proved as acute cerebral infarction group of anterior circulation and 90 non-infarction patients as the control group were studied. The diameter,inter median thickness( IMT) ,peak systolic velocity ( PSV ) , end diastolic velocity ( EDV ) , early shrinkage acceleration time ( AT ) , resistance index ( RI) ,and pulsatility index( PI) of carotid artery,and whether there was arteriosclerotic plaque or stenosis,and the properties of plaque were examined with color Doppler ultrasound. In acute cerebral infarction group of anterior cir-culation,the IMT was thicker that in the control group(P<0. 01). The incidence of the film thickness,moderate-se-vere stenosis and instable carotid artery plaque in infaiction group of anterior circulation were obviousely higher than those in the control group(P<0. 01). Arterial complete or incomplete occlusion was observed in severe cases. The blood flow parameters showed that the PSV and EDV of common carotid and internal carotid in acute cerebral in-farction group of anterior circulation were lowerer than those in the control group. RI and PI of internal carotid in a-cute cerebral infarction group of anterior circulation were higher than those in the control group(P<0. 05),while AT was lower than those in the control group.

Objective:To determine PRA and PRB expressions at mRNA and protein levels in endome-trial carcinomas,and to correlate the PRA and PRB expressions in tumours with clinical features inclu-ding grading,surgical stage,degree of myometrial invasion,and lymph node status.Methods:Sixty-sixendometrial carcinomas were investigated with Western blot assays and reverse-transcription polymerasechain reaction.The corresponding clinical information was collected.Spearman's rank correlation wasused to test for association between expressions of total PR and PR isoforms in endometrial carcinomas andclinical features.Results:At protein level,expressions of PRA and PRB were significantly inversely re-lated to grade(r=-0.343,r=-0.310,P

BACKGROUND: There is a complicated relation between somatic disease and mental disorder. Somatic disease may induce functional disorder of brain, and generate psychiatric symptoms due to the change of psychological and social environment. The proportion of depression in elder people based on the chronic somatic disease is much higher, and thus the fatality of them increases.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of single antidepressant, and therapeutic alliance of psychological and drug treatment on the rehabilitation of patients with elderly chronic somatic disease complicated with depression. DESIGN: Randomized and controlled grouping experiment.SETTING: Department of Senile Disease of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 102 patients were hospitalized in the Department of Senile Disease of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology from March 2000 to January 2003, and all the patients had sleep disorder to a different extent, and suffered from symptoms of heart and alimentary tract which could not be explained as organic diseases, and chronic pain or systemic symptom. Their score of Zung scale was ＞ 40 points with average of (48.83±4.15)points. The patients were randomly divided into the drug group (n=46) and the combined treatment group (n=56). Each patient had more than two somatic symptoms in the two groups and more than 81.0% of them had three somatic symptoms. METHODS: According to the different primary diseases in patients of the two groups, regular treatment was given routinely. Oral thymoleptics fluoxetine of 20 mg/d 5-hydroxyltryptamine reuptake restrainer with 20 mg/d was administered, the dose of which could be added to 40 mg/d according to the pathogenetic conditions. At the beginning of the administration of oral antidepressant drugs, the patients in the combined treatment group were The focal point of depression and fear was identified, and the comfort and edge related to the disease was supplied, and the pathogenetic condition and the prognosis were told to the patients objectively. The family and society were encouraged to learn the rehabilitative skill and improve their possible, and the family and society were encouraged to give the patients adequate psychological support and life support. The patient and the family were assisted to establish favorable communication. The feeling of loneliness and isolation was reduced, and the sense of safety was increased. The depression status and the quality of life of the patients in the two groups were evaluated before the treatment and at 2 and 8 weeks after treatment with the Zung scale and the Spitzer quality of life index score (QLI), including 5 aspects: Activity, daily life, health, support and perspective. The highest score was 10 points. The lowest was 0, and the higher the score, the better the quality of life is.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of the Zung scale and the QLI score evaluated before the treatment and at 2 and 8 weeks after the treatment.RESULTS: The treatment of the patients in the two groups was all finZung scale in the drug group and the combined treatment group at 2 weeks after the treatment indicated that there was significant difference in comparison with those before the treatment (41.12±2.60,48.83±4.15,t =10.67,P ＜ 0.05); (40.88±3.43,49.03±4.21 ,t=11.24,P ＜ 0.05). There was not significant difference in group comparison. The total points of Zung scale at 8 weeks were significantly decreased (36.11 ±2.87 ), (30.71±3.62),and there was significant difference in comparison with that before the treatment. The combined treatment group was better than the drug group in difference of QLI score at 2 weeks between the drug group and combined treatment group before and after the treatment (5.47 ± 1.33,5.32 ± 1.04,5.55±1.18,5.27±1.35). The QLI score of drug group and combined treat ment group at 8 weeks after treatment began to rise 7.21±0.13 and 8.83 ±0.32 ,respectively, and there was significant difference in comparison withthose before the treatment, and there was also significant difference in group comparison.CONCLUSION: The positive and effective combined therapy of anti-depression significantly improved the somatic symptoms of patients, no complications appeared, and most patients presented optimistic attitude to the prognosis of the primary disease. To identify the depression of elder people in earlier period is very important to promote rehabilitation of the primary disease.

Objective To observe the expression of triggering receptor-1 on myeloid cells (TREM-1) of mice with acute lung injury (ALI) in oder to find out its regularity and significance in inflammatory response of or-ganisms. Method Thirty BALB/C mice were randomly(random number) divided into normal control group (n =6) and ALl group (n = 24). The models of ALI were made with intraperitonal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in dose of 10 mg/kg. Specimens from peripheral blood and lung tissue were collected 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after LPS injected. The fluorescent real-time quantitative reverse transcriptiun-polymerase chain (RT-PCR) was used to detect TREM-1 mRNA, and ELISA was employed for detection of TREM-1 protein and TNF-α protein, and HE staining was made doe the pathological Smith lung score under light microscope. Analysis of variance was used for comparison of TREM-1 mRNA, TNF-α and Smith lung injury score between two groups. Spearman corre-lation analysis was made to find out the relationship among these three variables. Results The expressions of TREM-1 mRNA in lung tissue of ALI mice 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 hours after injection of LPS were 6.61±0.08,34.71±0.83, 61.85±14.05 and 56.46±8.89, respectively which were higher than that in control group (1.00±0.00, P = 0.017, 0.009, 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). The expressions of TREM-1 mRNA in blood were 14.01±3.24, 47.07±0.98, 8.18±0.43 and 8.06±0.05, respectively which were higher than that in normal control group (1.00±0.00, P = 0.010, 0.004, 0.011 and 0.011, respectively). The expression of TREM-1 rnRNA in tissue began to increase 6 hours after modeling and reached its peak 24 hours later, and expres-sion of TREM-1 mRNA in blood reached its peak after 12 hours. The levels of TREM-1 protein in lung tissue of ALl mice 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 hours after LPS injected were 997.8±114.62, 1579.70±45.92, 1123.9±108.2 and 429.8±89.96 pg/mL, respectively which were higher than that of mice in control group (279.22±4.62 pg/mL, P = 0.024, 0.007, 0.011 and 0.04, respectively). The level of TREM- 1 protein reached the peak 12 hours after LPS injected, but it had no significant correlation with the expression of TREM-1 mRNA (P =0.14). The levels of TNF-α protein in lung tissue of ALI mice 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 hours after LPS injection were 313.16±39.50, 491.91±96.65, 388.48±29.84 and 282.5±52.76 pg/mL, respectively which were sig-nificantly higher than that of mice in control group (256.6±28.31 pg,/mL, P = 0.037, 0.019, 0.032 and 0.043, respectively). The TNF-α concentration was positively correlated with TREM-1 levels in lung tissue and with Smith pathological score (r = 0.795, P = 0.001: r = 0.499, P = 0.034), but not with the expression of TREM-1 mRNA (P = 0.176). Conclusions The expression of TREM-1 mRNA in lung tissue of mice with ALI is elevated, and the expression of TREM-1 mRNA is related to the level of TNF-α and the severity of the ALI in in-flammatory responses in lung. The expressions of TREM- 1 gene are not consistent with the levels of TREM- 1 pro-tein, suggesting another new functional proteins involved in immune regulation.

Objective To explore the effect of the prenatal dexamethasone treatment on the preventionof wet lung syndrome in the newborn of elective caesarean section at term. Methods Two hundred cases of elective caesarean section at term (the gestation age was less than 39 weeks) were divided into observation group and control group,with 100 cases in each by random digits table. Observation group was treated with four intramuscular injections of 6 mg dexamethasone in the 24 hours to 7 days before delivery, and control group was treated with 0.9% sodium chloride injection with the same method. The clinical data and the incidence of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn were collected. Results The incidence of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn was 1%(1/100) in observation group and 9%(9/100) in control group,and the incidence of the severity of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn was 1% ( 1/100) in observation group and 2%(2/100) in control group. There were no complication in observation group and 1 case in control group.The incidence and the severity of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn in observation group were less than that in control group significantly (P = 0.009,0.049). Conclusion Prenatal dexamethasone treatment can reduce the incidence of the wet lung syndrome of the newborn and decrease the incidence of the severity and complication of elective caesarean section at term.