Tourette syndrome(-TS) is a genetic predisposition,chronic complex neuropsychiatric disease in children.Recent studies focus on the relationship between TS and the genetic variations of susceptibility genes,particularly single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).Highly automated,high accuracy and low cost of SNP detection and analysis technologies have promoted the study of hereditary diseases.The recent research development of SNP in TS related genes was reviewed in the paper.

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) is one of the important discoveries in the field of environmental microbiology, and it plays an indispensible role in the nitrogen removal from wastewaters and the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. Through review research progress in anaerobic ammonia oxidation, an Anammox special issue is published so as to find problems, explore applications and outlook developments. The special issue consists of reviews and original papers, mainly involving in the following aspects: i) enrichment of Anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AnAOB); ii) community analysis of AnAOB; iii) preservation of granular AnAOB sludge; iv) effect of organic matter on Anammox; v) application of Anammox process, etc.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; metabolism ; Environmental Microbiology ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; Nitrogen Cycle ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sewage ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water ; chemistry

Professor LI Ping was experienced in treatment of diabeitc nephropathy.She emphasized the entirety which indicated the interaction of environment and human,and the interaction of five organs before prescription of Chinese Medicine formula.She also applied recent findings of the modern medicine in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.In syndrome differentiation,she put stress on the combination of disease differentiation.In clinical research,she found the syndorme distribution of daibetic nephropathy changes with progression of Morgensen staging.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the value of genetic testing in clopidogrel individualized antiplatelet therapy for acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). METHODS:Clinical pharmacists participated in therapy for 3 ACS patients after PCI,and analyzed risk factors of stent thrombosis as the degree of lesion complexity,length and number of stents,complication,smoking history,etc. Clinical pharmacists suggested conducting clopidogrel genetic testing (CYP2C19,PON1,ACBC1),and suggested replacing antiplatelet agents,maintaining original plan and strengthening monitoring according to the results of genetic testing. RESULTS:The physicians adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists. After optimiz-ing antiplatelet therapy according to the results of genetic testing and clinical factors,3 patients were stable and discharged from hospital with drugs. CONCLUSIONS:Genetic testing can provide evidence for the formulation of individualized antiplatelet thera-py in ACS patients after PCI,and can be regarded as one of the breakthrough points for clinical pharmacists to carry out pharmaceu-tical care. In conducting genetic testing,clinical pharmacists should evaluate the risk of thrombosis in ACS patients and select the appropriate population for testing. At the same time,the clinical factors as medication compliance,stent thrombosis risk,therapeu-tic efficacy,ADR,and evidence-based pharmaceutical evidence should be comprehensively evaluated on the basis of genetic test-ing,and antiplatelet therapy plan should be optimized so as to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of drug use.

Objective To discuss the selection of operation methods of total hysterectomy in obese women. Methods We reviewed clinical data of 116 obese women with the body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m~2 treated with total hysterectomy. According to the operative procedure, 56 women underwent the vaginal total hysterectomy (Vaginal Group) and 60 women, abdominal total hysterectomy (Abdominal Group). Intra- and post-operative records were compared between the two groups. Results As compared with the Abdominal Group, the Vaginal Group presented a significantly shorter operation time (t=-3.693,P=0.000) and hospital stay (t=-7.019, P=0.000), a significantly less intraoperative blood loss (t=-4.006,P=0.000), and a significantly lower postoperative pyrexia rate (?~2=4.388,P=0.036) and complication rate (?~2=5.243,P=0.022). Conclusions Vaginal hysterectomy is superior to abdominal hysterectomy in obese women, but should be used with caution in those with severe adhesions or multiple abdominal operation history.

ObjectiveThis paper discusses the instructional design of ＂General survey of medical culture＂,to provide the basis for the implementation of the teaching.MethodsThe first round of our teaching situation was concluded,to improve the teaching objectives,content,methods and the content and methods of teaching evaluation.Results The course is a new medical humanities curriculum to improve medical knowledge of the human spirit of nursing students,training the cultural literacy,but the teaching content should be combined with professional features,and teaching evaluation methods should be improved.ConclusionsRigorous designed curriculum,flexible and diverse teaching methods and forms of assessment and suggestions from the students are conducive to the improvement of the course.

Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Radiologic Health

Objective:To analyze the indicators and resistance rate of antibacterial drugs for special use in our hospital before and after the implementation of network online approval process to provide reference for the management and rational use of antibacterial drugs for special use. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed, and the consumption amount, sales amount, utilization ratio, AUD, submission rate of microbial specimen and resistance rates for the main pathogenic bacteria of antibacterial drugs and ones for special use were investigated during 2012 and 2015 in our hospital. Results:The approval process of antibacterial drugs for special use developed from handwork to network online. The consumption amount of antibacterial drugs increased slightly year by year from 2012 to 2015 in our hospital, the mean expense of antibacterial drugs for the inpatients increased from 1602. 85 yuan to 1888. 63 yuan,and AUD increased from 54. 50 DDDs/(100 persons × d) to 65. 47 DDDs/(100 persons × d). The sales amount proportion of antibacterial drugs for special use (13. 90%) was the lowest in 2013, and the highest (17. 34%) in 2015, and AUD increased from 4. 85 DDDs/(100 person × d)to 6. 37 DDDs/(100 person × d), and the submission rate of microbial specimen before the treatment increased from 85. 5% to 90. 0%. The main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii,and their ratio had slight change. Except Staphylococcus aureus, the resistance rate of the other four pathogenic bacteria kept increasing, and the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to cefepime and carbapenems were over 50%. Conclusion:The approval process management of antibacterial drugs for special use must be strengthened in order to truly a-chieve reasonable use of antibacterial drugs for special use.

We studied the effects of the oxygen on partial nitrification in a membrane bioreactor (MBR), to find out critical dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations for the optimal partial nitrification by monitoring the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and oxygen supply rate (OSR). The nitrite accumulation occurred at a DO concentration of 1 mg/L, while the ratio of nitrite to ammonia in effluent was close to 1 at a DO concentration of 0.5 mg/L which was suitable to serve as the feed of an ANNAMOX system. When the mixed liquid suspended solids(MLSS) was 20 g/L in MBR, OUR and OSR were 19.86 mg O2/(L·s) and 0.369 mg O2/(L·s) respectively, indicating that the oxygen supply was the bottleneck of partial nitrification. "Low DO and high aeration rate" were suggested as a control strategy to further improve the efficiency of partial nitrification.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bioreactors ; Membranes, Artificial ; Nitrification ; Nitrites ; chemistry ; Oxygen ; chemistry ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods

Objective To explore potential synergetic effects of interleukin-2(IL-2) with IL-18 on induction of natural killer(NK) cell activity against myeloma cells in vitro.Methods CD69 expression on NK cells were defined by Flow Cytometry;IFN-? level in supernatants of NK cell culture was measured by ELISA;pure NK cell population was obtained from peripheral blood by using cell purification kit;standard Cr51 release method was used to test NK cell cytotoxicity against myeloma cells in vitro.Results The combined application of IL-18 with low dose of IL-2(10u/mL) significantly enhanced NK cell activation,IFN-? secretion and NK cell cytolytic activity against myeloma cells(U266 and RPMI-8226) as compared to IL-18 alone,respectively.Conclusion IL-2 synergized with IL-18 to induce NK cells activates anti-myeloma cell in vitro and combined use of IL-18 and low dose IL-2 could be an alterative immuno-therapy approach for cancers including myeloma.