Objective To study the effect of liquid extracts from leaves of Canarium pimela Leenh on myo-cardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods The langendorff isolated perfused heart system was applied in this study. Ligating of the left descending anterior for 35 min,followed with 100 min or 50 min reperfusing to set up the cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury model (I/R). After perfusing the effective pharmacological extracts of leaves of Canarium pimela Leenh(CPL)to the isolated heart,we monitored the cardiac parameters of left ventricu-lar systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP)and left ventricular maximal rise/fall of left ventricular pressure(±dp/dtmax)in the following assays with or without 10 min CPL pretreatment. 1. the cardiac parameters,2. the cardiac parameters in 35 min ischemia,followed with 10 min or 50 min reperfusion,3. the incidence of ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia after 10 min reperfusion,4. the activity of creatine kinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in the coronary effluent after 10 min reperfusion,5. pathological analysis in the I/R,CPL and VER group after reperfusion. Results CPL pretreatment improved functions of normal left heart. Furthermore,it significantly reduced LVEDP and +dp/dtmax,the incidence of ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia,as well as the activities of CK and LDH in coronary effluent induced by ischemia-reperfusion compared with the I/R model. Moreover,CPL pretreatment markedly alleivated the pathological changes of ischemia-reperfusion. Conclusions The liquid extracts of leaves of Canarium pimela Leenh can effectively relieve the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective: To study the feasibility of the determination paracetamol in Gangmaoqing by HPLC. Methods: The paracetamol contents of the different samples of Ganmaoqing Tablets were determined by the dead stop titration and HPLC, respectively. Results: The dead stop titration was complex and the error was larger. Whereas HPLC was simple, quick with a good seperation and small error.Conclusion: HPLC is accurate and reliable and reproducible for the determination of paracetamol in Ganmaoqing Tablets.

Objective To explore the related factors for the prognosis in elderly cancer patients with cerebral metastases,to study the adaptability of brain metastasis in recursive partitioning analysis (RPA)and the prognosis Assessment (GPA) Scale,in order to provide the basis for the prognosis assessment and treatment in the elderly patients with brain metastasis.Methods A retrospective analysis was studied in 102 elderly cancer patients with brain metastasis (aged 60 years and over) with complete follow-up data in our hospital from January 2005 to January 2012.Survival analysis was performed by using the Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate analysis of ethnicity,age,Karnofsky score,gender,smoking,primary tumor origin,the number of intracranial metastatic tumor,intracranial and extracranial metastasis,the efficacy of treatment for primary tumor,the treatment of brain metastases were analyzed by Log-rank test.Results The median survival time was 6 months.The 6-month and 12-month survival rates were 54.90％ and 16.67％ respectively.Univariate analysis showed that Karnofsky score,smoking,the number of intracranial metastatic tumor,time to diagnosis and treatment,the efficacy of treatment for primary tumor and other underlying diseases were the relative factors for prognosis of elderly cancer patients with brain metastases (x2 =20.828,5.737,7.395,5.379,11.556,6.844,all P＜0.05).Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that the Karnofsky score,the number of intracranial metastatic tumor,the efficacy of treatment for primary tumor and other underlying diseases were the independent prognostic factors (all P＜0.05).The median survival periods in RPA class Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were 11,7,4 month respectively (x2 =27.358,P＜0.001).The median survival periods in GPA class Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ-Ⅳ were 5,8,13 months respectively (x2 =29.570,P＜0.001).Conclusions Karnofsky score,the number of intracranial metastatic tumor,the efficacy of treatment for primary tumor and other underlying diseases are the independent factors for the prognosis in elderly cancer patients with cerebral metastases.RPA and GPA classification have a good adaptability in elderly patients with brain metastases.

乳腺癌是中国女性最常见的恶性肿瘤，传统治疗方法存在一定副作用，而免疫治疗为攻克乳腺癌提供了新途径，尤以 晚期乳腺癌及三阴性乳腺癌（triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC）患者的PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗最具发展前景。随着乳腺癌免疫 治疗相关临床试验的开展， 以HER2/nue疫苗、MUC-1疫苗等为代表的肿瘤疫苗已观察到可以改善患者的无病生存期（DFS）和总 生存期（OS）。曲妥珠单抗、帕妥珠单抗、T-DM1、MM-111等单克隆抗体也显示出较好疗效，CIK、TIL、CAR-T等过继性细胞治疗 具有较强的肿瘤杀伤能力且安全性良好，而抗PD-1/PD-L1抗体、 抗CTLA-4抗体、 抗LAG-3抗体等免疫负调控抑制剂能够抑制肿 瘤逃逸，为乳腺癌的治疗提供了新策略，这些突破性的成果推动了乳腺癌治疗实现“个体化”的进程。

In the original publication of the article, the representative EEG of female rat pups with FS in Figure 1 C and D was incorrectly intercepted from that of male rat pups. This correction does not affect the conclusions of the paper. Figure 1 has been corrected on the online PDF version and displayed below.

Tweety-homolog 1 (Ttyh1) is expressed in neural tissue and has been implicated in the generation of several brain diseases. However, its functional significance in pain processing is not understood. By disrupting the gene encoding Ttyh1, we found a loss of Ttyh1 in nociceptors and their central terminals in Ttyh1-deficient mice, along with a reduction in nociceptor excitability and synaptic transmission at identified synapses between nociceptors and spinal neurons projecting to the periaqueductal grey (PAG) in the basal state. More importantly, the peripheral inflammation-evoked nociceptor hyperexcitability and spinal synaptic potentiation recorded in spinal-PAG projection neurons were compromised in Ttyh1-deficient mice. Analysis of the paired-pulse ratio and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents indicated a role of presynaptic Ttyh1 from spinal nociceptor terminals in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. Interfering with Ttyh1 specifically in nociceptors produces a comparable pain relief. Thus, in this study we demonstrated that Ttyh1 is a critical determinant of acute nociception and pain sensitization caused by peripheral inflammation.