Objective To study the psychological experience of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and provide theoretical basis for clinical care.Methods The phenomenological research method was used to interview 9 patient in depth.The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to analyze their clinical data.Result The mental experience of the AIDS patients after notification of affirmative diagnosis of AIDS included six aspects:concealing,suspicion or denying,worry of being abandoned,eager to be cured,calm and worry of communicating the disease to their family members.Conclusion The nurses should pay attention to their mentality,helping them build a social supporting system and supporting pertinent interventions according to individual psychological experience,which is helpful for controlling risks of disease transmission and improving treatment compliance.

No specific causative gene has been found for epilepsy or autism,while the co-occurrence rate of these two disorders is approximately 30％,suggesting potentially shared common mechanisms.A number of well-known genetic disorders share epilepsy and autism as prominent phenotypic features,including Rett syndrome,tuberous sclerosis,fragile X,and so on.A lot of gene mutations related with the development of nervous system,such as ARX,MECP2,usually associate with the prevalence of these syndromes.Gene mutations often disrupt synaptic plasticity,leading to protein adjusting spiral out of control,resulting in imbanlance of excitement and inhibition in brain,which develop a series of diseases.Mechanisms of early-life seizures and autism turn out to be in several levels,for gene mutations may lead to changes in both molecules and cells,resulting in intelligence and behavior abnormalities.Genetic research progress of syndromes with the comorbidity of epilepsy and autism are reviewed in this paper,in order to provide insight into their underlying pathophysiology and elucidate new therapeutic approaches of both conditions.

Adult ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Powders

Objective To analyze the genetic diversity of snail populations from five provinces in China mainland. Methods Genomic DNA was amplified by random primer and the products were electrophoresed by 8% polyacrylamide and stained by 0.6% silver nitrogen. The results were recorded and analyzed. Results The average similarity and match percentage among the nine snail populations were 0. 721 4 and 0. 680 9 respectively. The cluster trees showed that the nine snail populations could be divided into three groups ; snails from Dali of Yunnan Province and Puge of Sichuan Province were the first isolated group; snails from Fuqing of Fujian Province and Dongtai of Jiangsu Province were clustered into the second group; the other four populations from Anhui Province and snails from Yixing of Jiangsu Province belong to the last group. Conclusion There is a large diversity among smooth-shelled snails in China although close relationship exists. The cluster trees gained by different snail populations are basically the same and consistent with the distribution of these populations. However, further study should be carried out on the cluster of smooth-shelled snails from Dongtai of Jiangsu Province.

Circulating tumor cell ( CTC ) testing is characterized by its invasiveness, sampling convenience and facility for real-time monitoring.The booming detection technologies based on physical or immunological features, as well as the subsequent molecular analysis of CTCs including subtype classification, single cell sequencing and in vitro culture, has greatly enriched our comprehension of CTCs and cancer heterogeneity.Meanwhile, a great of researches have demonstrated the significance of CTCs testing in the clinical practice of cancers involving aspects of early diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of prucalopride in the treatment of functional constipation (FC). METHODS:In prospective self-controlled study,87 female patients with FC were selected and given prucalopride 2 mg,1 time per day. The total course was four weeks. The defecate frequency,stool property and constipation symptom grade were ob-served before and after treatment. Related adverse drug reaction were observed during treatment. RESULTS:During the period of treatment,the defecate frequency was gradually increased,the stool property was gradually improved,and the constipation symp-tom grade of the patients was also improved. The difference had statistical significance before and after treatment(P<0.01). No sig-nificant adverse drug reaction was found during the study. CONCLUSIONS:Prucalopride is a safe and effective treatment for pa-tients with FC.

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate whole body ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT in depicting the primary tomors in cervical metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site.Methods:Seventeen patients were included and underwent whole body PET/CT imaging.The primary tumors and metastases were detected by visual evaluation and measurements of standardized uptake values.The PET/CT impression was verified by histopathology and(or)follow-up.Results:In 17 patienis,primary tumors of 13 patients were confirmed by pathological or clinical follow-up.Among them,8 were in the lung,1 in breast,1 in renal,2 in colon and 1 in cervix.Among the other 4 cases,3 cases were correctly diagnosed as malignant lymphoma finally by PET/CT instead of metastatic adenoearcinoma previously.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of PET/CT in were 92.3%,75.0% and 88.2%,identifying primary tumors respectively.After PET/CT examination,10 patients(58.8%)were detected additional metastatic lesions which were missed previously.Conclusion:Whole body ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT may be of relatively higher value in identifying the primary tumor of cervical metastatic adenocarcinoma from unknown primary site.It also may display tumor involvement extent.

Objective To study the regulating effect of complementing calcium and invigorating kidney method on the bone morphogenetic protein-4(BMP-4) and signal transduction mechanism.Methods Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups:normal group,model group,low-,middle-,high-dose yster calcium compound Chinese medicine for reinforcing kidney group,Gushukang granule group,oyster shell calcium tablets group.The model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was established through ovariectomy in rats.The osteoporosis rats were treated with nanometer calcium and invigorating kidney Chinese medicine Gushukang granule,and oyster shell carbonate chewable tablets were used as positive-control groups,the normal rats as standard control,and the model rats as model control.After 12 weeks of the treatment,the indexes were tested.The bone mineral density(BMD) of femoral bone in vitro was detected by dual-energy X-ray densitometer and the expression of BMP-4 and Smad 5,6 mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reation(RT-PCR).Results Compared with the model rats,BMD of femoral bone in Chinese medicine groups(high dose,middle dose,low dose) increased obviously(P

The defense mechinism of heat shock protein(HSP)acting as moleculars chaperons requires heat shock transcription factors as the primary mediators of the heat shock response.Increased expression of HSP may protect the heart.Overexpression of HSP can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis,protect the integrity of the microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton in cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells exposed to ischemia,participate in the folding and activation of protein kinases and transcription factors such as HIF-1? and HSF1,bind to endothelial nitric oxide synthase(Enos) and stimulate its activity,and downregulate cytokine production.Hence,it is of benefit to efficiently elevate HSP expression in myocardium using pharmacological and/or gene therapy procedures without any adverse effect.

Objective To observe the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Zhuye Shigao Decoction (ZSD) on experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model was induced by intragastric administration of high fat diet(10 mL/kg) and intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (30 mg·kg-1). Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into normal group, model group, low-, moderate-and high-dose ZSD groups (in the dosage of 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 g·kg-1·d-1 respectively), and Metformin group (0.15 g·kg-1·d-1) , 10 rats in each group. With fasting blood glucose, urine glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), serum insulin, serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) as the main indexes, we evaluated the influence of ZSD on the blood glucose and lipid levels as well as oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Results Compared with the model group, the levels of blood glucose, urine glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, and the contents of TC, TG, MDA were decreased (P <0.05), whereas SOD activity and serum insulin level were obviously increased (P < 0.05) in ZSD groups. ZSD showed dose-related effectiveness in the treatment of diabetic rats. Conclusion ZSD has certain hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.