[Objective]To filter and optimize extractive technology of Qianliening granules.[Methods]The optimization extractive technology of Qianliening granules was investigated using orthogonal design with the availability component extracting from the drug as the index.[Results]The optimal condition for the extraction of Radix Astragali group was 10 folds amount of water,3 times,1.5 hours each time.The optimal condition for the extraction of Rheum officinal Baill.group was 6 folds amount of 60% alcohol,2 times,two hours and 1.5 hours each time.[Conclusion]The optimized extractive technology is scientific and efficient.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas with emphasis on its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Methods:Clinical data,pathological features and immunohistochemical findings were collected and a review of the literature was made,differential diagnosis was discussed in the cases of SPNP. Results:All the 5 patients were females,age from 16 to 65 years(average 32 years),there were no recurrence after tumor resection.The mean diameter of tumors was 8 cm,all encapsulated,and solid with cystic changes.Histological examination showed presence of solid sheets,Psudopapillary with uniform population of cells.The nuclei were oval,round without atypia,and mitotic figures were rare.Psudopapillary structure with fibrovascular core was remarkable.Hemorrhage,foamy cells and cholesterol crystals were often found.Immunohistochemically,5 cases were positive for ?1-ACT and Vimentin,3 cases expressed NSE and Syn,2 cases expressed CgA and CK.All cases were negative for Insulin and EMA.Conclusion:SPNP is a rare pancreatic neoplasm.Histologically,uniform population of cells formed psudopapillary structure with a fibrovascular core,and it is a clinicopathologic entity in young female patients with a benign clinical course.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the application of endotracheal intubation in the rescue of children with severe trachea and bronchial foreign body. By observing the patient's clinical pathological characteristics, the diagnosis and treatment experience were summarized. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of 10 children with severe tracheal and bronchial foreign bodies were performed. They were given emergency intubation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation to relieve respiratory and circulatory failure after reaching hospital. After the restoration of spontaneous respiration, oxygen saturation increased by more than 90 percent and vital signs stable, the foreigh body was removed with bronchoscopy. The role of endotracheal intubation before and after the treatment of tracheal and bronchial foreign bodies in children was observed. RESULT: Ten cases of children were rescued successfully. No one died and the complications such as cerebral palsy, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum didn't happened. CONCLUSION For the children with severe tracheal and bronchial foreign body, endotracheal intubation can establish effective ventilation in a shorter period of time. The earlier endotracheal intubation, the shorter time required and the higher success rate. Endotracheal intubation can increase the survival rate of children with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and can reduce disability.
Bronchi ; physiopathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Foreign Bodies ; therapy ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Retrospective Studies ; Trachea ; physiopathology

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological changes of the diffuse-type giant cell tumor of the bone and joint. Methods 42 cases of the diffuse-type giant cell tumor of the bone and joint were studied and the follow-up data were reviewed. Results The male patients were 19 and the female were 23, with the male to female ratio of 1 ∶ 1. 2. The age of the patients was 8~69 years (the average age was 37. 6). It was displayed that the patients presented local pain and swelling (34 cases), including dysfunction (18 ca-ses) of the bone and joint. Clinically, the lesions located on the knee joint ( 71. 4%) in 30 cases, the hip and ankle in 9 cases (21. 4%), and the wrist elbow in 3 cases (7. 1%). 27 cases were examined by MRI. Among them, the diffuse-type giant cell tumor was diagnosed in 9 cases (33. 3%). The effusive lesions of the joint presented in 5 cases, the non-specific synovial lesions and others in 3 cases. The obviously diffuse hyperplasia of synovial cells with nodular growth pattern was found. However, a high proliferative in-dex of the tumor cells and the rich-cell tumor were found. But there was no tumor necrosis. Histopathologically, the tumor cells of dif-fuse-type giant cell tumor contained marked brown pigments, multinucleated giant cells formation and a lot of lymphocytes proliferation or follicular reaction in 17 cases (40. 5%) with invasive growth and involvement of the joint and surrounding tissue. 6 cases recurred (20%) , including 2 cases with 2 times. Conclusions The diffuse type-giant cell tumors most commonly involve the knee, followed by the hip and ankle. Preoperative examination of MRI can be help for the diagnosis of the tumor. Histopathologically, diffuse-type gi-ant cell tumor with synovial cells rich-hyperplasia and the villous structures formation more likely recur. The main biological character-istics of diffuse-type giant cell tumor are invasive growth pattern, usually into the soft tissue around the joints.

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathologic changes of the lung epithelial tumor with epithelioid granuloma. Methods E-leven cases of lung malignant tumor with epithelial epithelioid granuloma reaction were studied according to the histological changes of lung epithelial tumor, immunophenotype, acid-fast staining, and tuberculosis PCR test results combined with follow-up data. Results The mean age was 62. 3 years, and male to female ratio was 10∶ 1. The main clinical manifestations displayed a cough, chest pain, fever and hemoptysis or bloody sputum. Nine cases were malignant tumors, tuberculosis or inflammatory lesions was 1 case each in pre-vious surgery. The tumor with epithelioid granuloma formation of the 11 cases displayed in the same site ( mixed) . The histopathologic changes of the lesions showed a epithelioid or typical tuberculous granulomas formation, including 4 cases of adenocarcinoma, 5 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases of neuroendocrine tumors. The acid-fast bacilli staining was positive in 3 cases;6 cases were positive for PCR detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. 5 patients died within 2 years due to various causes. Conclusions The lung epithelial tumors with epithelioid granuloma is more commonly found in the middle-aged, The signs and symptoms of the patients are similar to primary epithelial malignant tumors of the lung . The biological behavior was progressive with poor prognosis. The diagnosis of the lesions depends on pathological examination. It is very important to pay more attention to the pathological examination, especially in lung puncture samples, and the differential diagnosis for a definate diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To attaine a new mode of pathological data managed by computer. Methods:All pathological data were collected into the system of pathological data management. Results:It was helpful to phomote the work officiency and easy for pathological data check up. Conclusion:By using computer operation, we can update the document collection efficiently. It is helpful for data review, and research.

Objective To study the effects of arsenic trioxide ( As2 O3 ) on inhibiting the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Methods The inhibiting rate of As2O3 and Fluorouracin(5-Fu) ,Gemcitabine(GEM) on pancreatic carcinoma cell lines PC-3 were detected by using CCK-8 assay. Results As compared with 5-Fu、GEM,the inhibiting rate of As2O3 was the highest one( P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion As2O3 can inhibit pancreatic carcinoma cell lines PC-3 effectively in vitro. The effects of As2O3 on inhibiting the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma cell lines was stronger than 5-Fu and GEM. This is possibly due to the extensive and unique anticancer mechanism of As2O3.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 257 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma between 1996 and 2005 according to the WHO classification,together with the follow-up data of some of the cases.Results: The 257 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma constituted 15.3% of the 1681 cases of thyroid lesion and 93.1% of the 276 cases of malignant thyroid tumor detected in the same period,including 241 cases of papillary carcinoma(14.3% of the thyroid lesions and 87.3% of the malignant thyroid tumors) and 16 cases of follicular carcinoma(1.0% of the thyroid lesions and 5.8% of the malignant thyroid tumors).The male to female ratio was about 1∶2.7.Histologically,the papillary structure was frequently noted admixed with the follicular pattern.Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid complicated by Hashimoto's thyroiditis,follicular adenoma and nodular goiter accounted for 16.2%,11.6% and 14.9%,respectively.A 1-10 y follow-up of 97 patients showed that all but one survived.Conclusion: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is a fairly common malignant tumor,with papillary carcinoma as the commonest histological type and some complicated by other thyroid diseases.Its prognosis is relatively good despite the common occurrence of lymphoid and lung metastasis and local invasion.

Objective: Signet-ring cell carcinoma is a relatively rare cancer which occurs principally in the stomach,colon-rectum,bladder and breast,but seldom in other parts.This article analyzes the clinical and pathologic features of 3 extremely rare cases of primary signet-ring cell carcinoma in the uterus.Methods: Three cases of primary signet-ring cell carcinoma in the uterus were observed by HE and immunohistochemical staining,their clinical features analyzed and the relevant literature reviewed.Results: Of the 3 cases,2 presented nodose tumors in the cervix while the other in the uterine cavity.Histologically,there was a diffuse infiltration of the tumor cells,with an appearance of signet-ring cells.Periodic acid-Sciff(PAS) staining revealed PAS-positive diastase resistant introcytoplasmic material.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells were positive for CK and CEA.Conclusion: Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the uterus is extremely rare.It is always necessary to rule out a metastatic neoplasm by clinical examination and to differentiate it from other tumors/lesions with signet-ring cell features.

In order to better play an important role of pathology consultations in the routine work of clinical pathology,and to solve the problems presented during consultation,we comprehensively analyze the reasons that cause pathology consulation,the pathological data management,patient-physician dispute,medical liability,as well as other aspects involved in consulation.Meanwhile,measures to resolve these problems are also proposed.