Anterior communicating artery (AcomA) aneurysm is one of the most common intracranial aneurysms.Interventional treatment of wide-neck AcomA aneurysms remains challenging.With the emergence of several intracranial stents and the innovation and development of a variety of stent technologies,stentassisted coiling (SAC) embolization has gradually become one of the preferable techniques for the treatment of wide-neck AcomA aneurysms.This article reviews several SAC embolization techniques of AcomA aneurysms.

Objective: To study the morphological changes of erythrocytes in hyperl ipemia. Methods: Wistar rats used were divided into normal control group (NC) an d hyp erlipemia group (HL, fed with high lipid diets). The morphological changes of er ythrocytes were observed by SEM, and classified and counted. Results: Compared with NC,percentage of normal erythrocytes in HL were decreased from 76.4 % to 45.7%. The percentage of echinocytes, spherostomatocytes and target cells w ere increased from 4%, 2.2%, 1.5% to 17.3%, 10.4%, 5.8% respectively. The nu mber of ridged cells and abnormal cells was a little increased.Conclusion: The number of abnormal erythrocytes was significantly increased in h yperlipemia.

Objective To study the mechanism of myocardical aging. Methods Wistar rats used were divided aging group (22 months old) and adult group (7 months old). Qualitative morphological changes of organelles of myocardium were observed by TEM. Quantitative morphological changes of organelles of myocardium were determined by stereological method, Ca 2+ regulation of organelles of myocardium were analysed by EDS. Results Compared with adult group, aging group:(1) The nuclei were indented, myofibril were arranged irregularly, intercalated disk were separated, mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum were swelled, lipofuscin and residual body were increased. (2) The volume of myocardium not occupied by myocyte were increased, the volume density of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum were reduced, specific surface of outer membrance of mitochondria inter membrane plus cristae of mitochondria and the membrane of sarcoplasmic reticulum were also reduced. (3) Ca 2+ in myofibril and mitochondria were increased, but Ca 2+ in sarcoplasmic reticulum were decreased. Conclusion The contractility of aging myocardium were declined, the morphological changes and Ca 2+ regulation of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum might be directly related to myocardical aging.

Objective To observe the effect of RNAi targeting Livin gene on biology characteristics such as apoptosis and proliferation in human prostate cancer cells.Methods siRNA expression vector targeting Livin gene was constructed and transfected into human prostate cancer cell line PC3.The expressions of Livin mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western-blot,cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assayed by flow cytometry,proliferation and colony formation were detected by MTT and colony formation assay,and the tumor growth in vivo was observed in nude mice.Results After transfection,downregulation of Livin mRNA and protein expression in PC3 cells was observed (P＜0.01).Compared with the control group,the proliferation of cancer cells was inhibited significantly (P＜0.01) and the apoptotic ratio was (26.5±3.3) ％ (P＜0.01).The Caspase3 activity increased obviously (P＜0.05),and the experimental group showed a decreased colony formation rate (P＜0.01).The tumor volume of xenografts in nude mouse in experimental and control group was (1.79± 0.07) and (4.40 ± 0.06) cm3 respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The siRNA recombinant expression vector targeting Livin gene was constructed and can knockdown the expression of Livin mRNA and protein.It can inhibit PC3 cell proliferation,induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth in vivo.

Objective To investigate the application technology and effect of Navien catheter in intracranial aneurysms embolization.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients with intracranial aneurysm treated with Navien catheter in Department of Neurosurgery of Yijishan Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College from March to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The extracranial segments of internal carotid arteries were seriously tortuous in all patients. The coaxial system was used during procedure. Whether the Navien catheter could be smoothly placed into the target artery or not was observed,and the coils or stent-assisted coils were used to embolize the intracranial aneurysms in the corresponding positions. The immediate embolization results were assessed by the Raymond grading. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed and the patients were followed up by imaging.Results All 15 patients had abnormal tortuosity of extracranial segments of internal carotid arteries. The Navien catheter was able to smoothly pass through the tortuous vessels and reach the desired position. The stent-assisted coil embolization was used in 9 patients,and the coil embolization was used in 6 patients. The success rate of the coil and stent placement technology was 100%. The stents were all accurately put in place without shift. According to the Raymond grading,the immediate embolization rate of aneurysms showed that 15 patients achieved Raymond gradeⅠ. One case developed internal carotid spasm during the procedure. The patient was improved after giving papaverine. Others did not have intraoperative complications,such as cerebral vasospasm,vascular dissection,in-stent thrombosis,and intraoperative aneurysm rupture. Five patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). There was no recurrence of aneurysm and no in-stent stenosis and shift,No rebleeding or cerebral ischemia was observed.Conclusion Forpatients with severely tortuous in extracranial segments of internal carotid artery,using the Navien catheter may overcome artery tortuosity and other unfavorable factors of the patients and successfully reach the target vessel position,enable the embolization of intracranial aneurysms to be completed successfully.

Objective To explore the method for detecting the connexin 43(Cx43) in detrusor of bladder in rats with detrusor instability.Methods The model of rats with detrusor instability was established.Ten rats in unstable bladder group were determined by filling cystonetry method controlled by 10 normal rats.The fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC) was used to label the Cx43 and the tritin conjugated rhodamine was used to label the cell membrane of detrusor muscle.The Cx43 and the cell membrane of detrusor muscle were detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM),and the images were analyzed by the image analysis program.Results The distinct images of Cx43 and cell membrane of detrusor muscle could be obtained by the LSCM.The expression of Cx43 and pixel density were increased significantly in rats of unstable bladder group than those of the control group(all P

Objective To investigate mobilization of the bone-marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC) into peripheral blood by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to accelerate the renal regeneration.Methods Six-week-old transgenic C57BL/6J mice labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) as bone marrow donors and C57BL/6 mice without fluorescence label as recipients ( n =20 ) of bone marrow transplantation were used.All recipients received lethal dose of 8.5 Gy total body γ-ray irradiation with 137 Cs before bone marrow transplantation,and the transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells 2 × 105 by retrobulbar injection was done two hours later after irradiation. Bone marrow reconstruction after transplantation was proved by flow cytometry five weeks after transplantation.Six weeks after the bone marrow reconstruction completed,left renal pedicles of all mice were cross-clasped for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion to establish the animal model of ischemia-reperfusion injury.Mice were divided into two groups:( 1 ) Saline control group ( n =10),saline 0.2 ml/day was injected subcutaneously into chimeric mice from 3 days before to 4 days after operation ; (2) G-CSF mobilization group (n =10),chimeric mice were injected subcutanously with recombinant human G-CSF,200μg/kg/day,once a day from three days before surgery for a week.On the 1st day after mobilization,the percentage of stem cell in non-erythroid cells of peripheral blood was detected by using flow cytometry.One week after ischemia,the homing of BMSC to kidney was identified by flow cytometory.Renal tissue sections were stained with Hemotoxylin and Eosin staining method for pathological study,and the degree of renal tubular injury was analyzed by semiquantitative method of Vyacheslav.Four weeks after ischemia,the differences in degree of renal regeneration between the two groups by analysis the numbers of vascular endothelial cells in the kidney.Results After G-CSF mobilization,the percentage of stem cells with Sca-1 +,c-Kit +,CD29 and CD34 + antigen in peripheral blood in G-CSF mobilization group were higher than those in control group.One week after ischemia,mice of mobilization group showed higher percentage of Sca-1 +,c-Kit + and CD34 + bone marrow derived stem cells in tbe kidney compared to control group (P ＜0.05).One week after ischemia,the tubular epithelial damage score of mobilization group was lower significantly than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05 ) studied by Hemotoxylin and Eosin staining. Four weeks after ischemia,mice of G-CSF mobilization group showed more CD31 positive cells in the kidney compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions G-CSF can effectively mediate the mobilization of bone marrow derived stem cells to peripheral blood and homing to kidney.G-CSF mobilization can accelerate renal regeneration and alleviate the degree of renal histopathological changes after ischemia.

Objective To investigate the effect of endovascular treatment of intracranial ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms via bilateral vertebral artery approach. Methods The symptoms and imaging results of 5 patients with ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively. They were all treated with coil embolization via bilateral vertebral artery approach. The two ends of dissection aneurysms were packed densely,the middle segments were packed loosely,and the arteries were isolated from the blood circulation. Results Of the 5 patients after treated,the clinical symptoms were improved rapidly in 4 patients no abnormal limbs activity and mental disorders. After treatment,the modified Rankin scale (mRS)was 0 in four cases after six-month follow-up. One patient turned clear consciousness after 4 weeks, and their mRS was 3 at 6-month follow-up. Before treatment,DSA showed vertebral artery dilation and stenosis. The mean length of involvement in vertebral arteries was 9. 3 ± 1. 5 mm;after treatment,the dissecting aneurysms of 5 patients did not develop completely,no further bleeding occurred,and no new infarcts were observed. No recurrence of the aneurysms and parent artery recanalization were found at the follow-up after 6 months. Conclusion The occlusion of ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms via bilateral vertebral artery approach is technically feasible. It may be an effective treatment to prevent rebleeding.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of endovascular treatment of posterior communicating artery aneurysm (PcoAA)in keeping the fetal posterior cerebral artery (FPCA) patency. Methods Form January 2014 to December 2015,14 patients with ruptured PcoAA enrolled retrospectively were treated with endovascular embolization. Six of them were treated with simple coil embolization,3 with stent-assisted coil embolization,3 with double catheter-assisted coil embolization,1 with stent-assisted coil embolization + double catheter technique,and 1 with Y-stent in Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College. The immediate embolization rate of PcoAA (using Raymond grade),prognosis of the patients (the modified Rankin scale score at 6 months after procedure),complications,and imaging follow-up results were analyzed. Results The success rate of coil and stenting was 100% . All the stents were accurately released in place without displacement. The immediate Raymond grading of the aneurysms displayed that Raymond grade Ⅰ was in 8 cases,Raymond grade Ⅱ was in 4 cases,and Raymond grade Ⅲ was in 2 cases. All FPCA were kept patent. A coil protruded into internal carotid artery in one case during the procedure. Others did not have any complications,such as intraoperative cerebral vasospasm,in-stent thrombosis,and rupture. All 14 patients were followed up for 3 -24 months after procedure. Two had recurrence. Both were aneurysms embolized with coils only. No rebleeding and ischemic
complications were observed. The modified Rankin scale scores in 13 cases were 0 -2 at 6 months after procedure,1 was 4. Conclusions Endovascular embolization for the treatment of PcoAA and keeping FPCA patency are safe and feasible. A variety of endovascular treatment modalities are necessary in order to keep FPCA patency.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for influencing recrudescence after endovascular embolization of posterior communicating artery aneurysms.Methods From January 2014 to December 2014,71 consecutive patients (a total of 74 aneurysms) with posterior communicating artery aneurysm treated with endovascular treatment at the Department of Neurosurgery,Yijishan Hosptial of Wannan Medical College were enrolled retrospectively.The aneurysms were calculated as the number of cases (n=74).The aneurysms were divided into two groups according to whether they had recrudescence or not,including recurrent group (n=18) and non-recurrent group (n=56).The differences of the clinical data and aneurysm characteristics between the two groups were compared.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for recrudescence after endovascular embolization of posterior communicating artery aneurysms.Results Of the 74 patients with aneurysm,51 were treated with simple coil embolization and 23 were treated with stent-assisted coil embolization.All the coils were released satisfactorily.There were significant difference in the size of aneurysms and Raymond grade between the two groups (all P<0.01).The incidence of aneurysms with daughter cysts (55.6% [10/18] and the rate of non-stent-assisted coil embolization (88.9% [16/18]) in the recurrent group were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent group (23.2% [13/56],62.5% [35/56]).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in other aneurysm features between the two groups (all P>0.05).After variable selection,the Raymond grade was referred to Raymond gradeⅠ.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the non-stent-assisted coil embolization (OR,4.789,95%CI 1.207-19.009,P=0.026),Raymond grade Ⅱ (OR,12.326,95%CI 3.838-39.592,P<0.01),Raymond grade Ⅲ (OR,36.884,95%CI 2.892-470.454,P=0.005) were the independent risk factors for recrudescence after embolization of posterior communicating artery aneurysms.Conclusion Non-stent-assisted coil embolization,Raymond Ⅱ and Ⅲ may cause recrudescence of posterior communicating artery aneurysms.