The postpartum depression outcome and the effect of psychological intervention were studied in order to reduce the occurrence and development of the postpartum depression. A survey of 4000 women within 4-6 weeks postpartum in 80 communities in Shenzhen, China was performed using random cluster sampling method. By employing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool, the positive women (defined as EPDS ≥10) were randomly divided into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1:2. The women in the intervention group were treated by means of mailing postpartum depression prevention and treatment knowledge manual, face-to-face counseling, and telephone psychological counseling interventions aiming at individual risk factors, while those in the control group were treated with conventional methods. EPDS scores were assessed in these two groups again at 6th month postpartum. Totally, 3907 valid questionnaires were obtained. All the 771 positive women were divided into two groups: 257 in the intervention group, and 514 in the control group. At 6th month postpartum, the EPDS scores in the intervention group were decreased significantly, from baseline stage (12.84±3.02) to end stage (3.05±2.93), while EPDS scores in the control group were reduced from 12.44±2.78 to 6.94±4.02. There were significant differences in the EPDS scores at end stage between the two groups (t=13.059, P<0.001). Psychological intervention can reduce postpartum depression, with better maternal compliance. It is feasible and necessary to establish postpartum depression screening and psychological intervention model in community-hospital and include the postpartum depression screening, intervention, and follow-up into the conventional healthcare.

In this study, 120 patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing valve replacement were randomly divided into the control group and the Qishen group, with 60 cases in each group. Before the operation, the control group was given routine heart and diuretic treatments and placebo of Qishen Yiqi dropping pills for seven days (0.5 g each time, three times a day); While the Qishen group was given Qishen Yiqi dropping pills for seven days (0.5 g each time after meal, three times a day) on the basis of the routine treatments. The right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV), end-systolic volume (RVESV), stroke volume (SV) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) were detected after the operation. The results showed that patients in the two groups showed significantly lower right ventricular end diastolic volume (RVEDV), right ventricular end systolic volume (RVESV) and stroke volume (SV) decreased than that before the operation, but with significantly higher Ejection fraction (RVEF) significantly than that before the operation. However, the Qishen group showed a significantly lower right heart function reduction than the control group, with the statistical significance in the differences (P < 0.05). This indicated that the pretreatment with Qishenyiqi Drop Pills showed a remarkable efficacy in the improvement of right ventricular function after valve replacement.
Aged ; Cardiac Valve Annuloplasty ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Heart Valve Diseases ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Care ; Ventricular Function, Right ; drug effects

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of liver.Methods The clinical and histopathological data of 2 patients with ASC were analyzed retrospectively.The cases were confirmed by surgery and histopathological examination.Results The tumors were located in the left liver in these 2 patients.Both patients presented with abdominal pain and they underwent surgical resection.On gross pathological examination,the tumors were irregular in shape with unclear boundaries.Microscopically,the tumor cells were arranged in a nesting pattern with a tubular structure,which was an adenosquamous carcinoma structure.One patient survived 4 months after surgery and the other patient died of intrahepatic tumour recurrence 7 months after surgery.Conclusions The diagnosis of primary hepatic ASC relied on histopathological examination.Surgical resection was safe and feasible.

Objective To determine if Shenfu injectio(SFI)has any analeptic action in patients emerging from general anesthesia.Methods Eighty-six ASAⅠorⅡadult patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=43 each):SFI group and control group.The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1g and atropine 0.5mg.Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg?kg~(-1),fentanyl 4-5?g?kg~(-1) and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg~(-1) and maintained with propofol infusion(2-4 mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)),0.5%-1.0% isoflurane inhalation and intermittent i.v.boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated.The propofol infusion and isoflurane inhalation were stopped during skin closure.The patients were still unconscious and on mechanical ventilation at the end of surgery and transferred to PACU with a tube in trachea.As soon as the patients reached the PACU,SFI 1 ml?kg~(-1) in Ringer's solution 100 ml was infused over 10 min.In control group the patients received Ringer's solution 100 ml without SFI.The following times were recorded:(1)the time when the patients opened their eyes on command;(2)the time when mechanical ventilation was stopped;(3)the time when oxygen inhalation was stopped;(4)the extubation time;(5)the time of staying in PACU.Venous blood samples were taken before(T_0) and 5,15 and 45 min(T_(1,2,3))after SFI infusion for determination of plasma?-endorphin concentration.Results The awakening time,the mechanical ventilation time,oxygen inhalation time,extubation time and duration of PACU stay were significantly shorter in SFI group than in control group.There were no significant differences in MAP and HR after SFI between the two groups.The plasma?-endorphin concentration was significantly higher in group SFI than in control group.Conclusion Shenfu injectio can make patients emerging from general anesthesia faster.

OBJECTIVETo explore the optimal treatment for craniocerebral trauma complicated with thoraco-abdominal injuries.

METHODSA total of 2165 cases of craniocerebral trauma complicated with thoraco-abdominal injuries admitted to our hospital between July 1993 and June 2003 were retrospectively studied. Among them, 382 cases sustained severe craniocerebral trauma (in which 167 were complicated with shock), 733 thoracic injuries, 645 abdominal injuries and 787 thoraco-abdominal injuries. On admittance, 294 cases had developed shock. With the prime goal of saving life, respiratory and circulatory systems and encephalothilipsis were especially treated and monitored. Priority in management was directed to severe or open injures rather than to moderate or closed injures. For cases with cerebral hernia due to intracranial hematoma and severe shock due to blood loss, cerebral hernia and shock were treated concurrently.

RESULTSAfter treatment, 2024 (93.49%) cases survived and the other 141 (6.51%) died. Among patients who had severe craniocerebral injury with shock and those without, 78 (46.71%) and 53 (24.56%) died, respectively. For patients who had underwent craniocerebral and thoraco-abdominal operations concurrently and those who had not, the death rates were 58.49%-65.96% and 28.57% respectively, indicating a significant difference (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTreatment for hematoma hernia, shock and disturbed respiration is the key in the management of multiple trauma of craniocerebral, thoracic or abdominal injuries, especially when two or three conditions occurred simultaneously. Unless it is necessary, operations at two different parts at the same time is not recommended. It is preferred to start two concurrent operations at different time.

Adult ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; surgery ; therapy ; Encephalocele ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; surgery ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; etiology ; therapy ; Thoracic Injuries ; surgery ; therapy

AIM AND METHODSWhole-cell recording technique was used to observe the changes of voltage-dependent ion channels and NMDA receptor currents of rat hippocampal neurons during primary culture.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference of voltage-dependent Na+ current (I(Na)) at 7 d, 14 d and 21 d in culture. It's the same for delayed rectifier K+ current (Ik). However, voltage-dependent Ca2+ current (I(Ca)) and its density were continuously and markedly increased. Further studies showed that the increase of I(Ca) was resulted from the increase of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (L-VDCC). NMDA receptor current was also significantly increased with time of culture.

CONCLUSIONCa2+ influx through VDCC and NMIDA receptor is the fatal factor in the aging and death of hippocampal neurons.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; metabolism ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Senescence ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Ion Channels ; metabolism ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism ; Time Factors

Objective To find out the potential risk factor of plague in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of plague. Methods Rodents were captured by rat traps/cages at night and identified into species in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area from 2001 to 2009. Flea was counted and serum antibodies against plague F1 of rats, cats and dogs were detected by indirect hemagglutination (IHA). Plague surveillances were performed in human beings and rats. Results The rodents captured belonged to 9 species, 2 families, 2 orders and 1 classes. The average indoor rodent density was 1.16% (961/82 558), and was 1.12% (1345/119 671) outdoors. Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species,accounting for 50.37%. The proportion of R. Flavipectus was 3.80% in 2004, 4.50% in 2008 and 10.12% in 2009,showing an increasing trend year by year. There were three kinds of mice infected fleas in Wanzhou, which including Xenopsylla cheopis, Leptopsylla segnis and Ctenocephalides felis. The average rate of flea infected mice was 1.18%(82/6959) and the total flea index was 0.036. No F1 antibody against plague was detected in 6959 dogs and 160 cats serum samples. Conclusions No plague is found in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area. But R.Flavipectus, Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis are dominant species in Wanzhou section, and the proportion of which shows an increasing trends year by year. There is a potential risk of plague outbreaks in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

To compare the difference in action sites between mecamylamine (MEC) and hexamethonium (HEX) on nicotinic receptors of sympathetic neurons, we investigated the effects of MEC and HEX on the nicotine-induced currents in cultured superior cervical ganglion neurons by whole-cell patch clamp technique. The IC(50) of MEC and HEX for antagonizing the effect of 0.08 mmol/L nicotine was 0.0012 and 0.0095 mmol/L, respectively. Both MEC and HEX accelerated the desensitization of nicotinic receptors. Furthermore, by comparing their effects at holding potentials 30, 70 and 110 mV, it was indicated that their suppressing effect on the nicotine-induced currents was voltage-dependent. However, different from that of HEX, the inhibitory effect of MEC increased with administering the mixture of MEC and nicotine at intervals of 3 min, indicating a use-dependent effect of MEC. It is concluded that the action site of MEC on nicotinic receptors of sympathetic neurons is different from that of HEX.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Hexamethonium ; pharmacology ; Mecamylamine ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Nicotinic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Nicotinic ; drug effects ; physiology ; Superior Cervical Ganglion ; cytology ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the preventive effect of multi-glycoside of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook. f. (GYW) on proteinuria and mesentery injury in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in vivo.

METHODSThe reversible anti-Thyl.1 antibody glomerulo nephritis model of rats was established with monoclonal antibody 1-22-3 and intervened with GTW, and a control group was set up in the same time. Changes of 24h urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total plasma protein (TP) and glomerular morphology were observed, and the level of mRNA expression of proliferative factors, including platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), in renal tissue was determined.

RESULTSGTW could inhibit proteinuria and mesangial injury in anti-Thyl. 1 antibody nephritis model. The PDGF-BB and TGF-beta mRNA expression in the anti-Thy1.1 antibody nephritis model rats were increased for 2.84 and 1.64 times respectively to those in the normal control group. GTW could down-regulate the over-expression of PDGF-BB mRNA by 33.1%, it was significantly different to that in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGTW could reduce the proteinuria and inhibit mesangial cells proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition, these effects maybe related to the down-regulating of PDGF-BB mRNA expression.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glomerular Mesangium ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Glycosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proteinuria ; prevention & control ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thy-1 Antigens ; immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the relaxant effect of Aike Mixture (AKM) on isolated bladder and prostatic urethral smooth muscle of rabbits.

METHODSThe isolated bladder and prostatic urethral smooth muscle from male rabbits were placed in a Magnus bath and smooth muscle contraction was measured using a biological signal acquisition and analysis system. The effects of AKM in combination with methoxyamine, carbachol and CaCl2 on the contractile tension of muscle strips were determined by cumulative dosing.

RESULTSAKM dose-dependently reduced contractile tension of bladder trigone smooth muscle (r=0.831, P<0.05), reduced contractile wave amplitude (r=0.837, P<0.05) and decreased contractile frequency (r=-0.917, P<0.01). AKM significantly inhibited the increases in smooth muscle contraction induced by methoxyamine, carbachol and CaCl2.

CONCLUSIONAKM dose-dependently inhibited the contraction of rabbit isolated bladder and prostatic urethral smooth muscle by antagonizing α1-adrenergic receptors and M-cholinergic receptors.

Animals ; Calcium Chloride ; pharmacology ; Carbachol ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hydroxylamines ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; physiology ; Neuromuscular Agents ; pharmacology ; Prostate ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; metabolism ; Urethra ; drug effects ; physiology ; Urinary Bladder ; drug effects ; physiology