Cerebellar Neoplasms ; pathology ; Hemangioblastoma ; pathology ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of ischemic postconditioning (IPC) on myocardial perfusion levels of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients having underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and the safety of IPC. Methods One hundred and sixty patients with STEMI were enrolled, and they accepted the primary PCI therapy within the onset of 12 h. The patients were divided into 2 groups according the treatment method:control group (routine PCI group, 82 cases) and IPC group (78 cases). The ST-segment resolution, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), before and after PCI levels of nitrogen monoxidum (NO), endothelin (ET)-1, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, rate of intraoperative complication were observed. The patients were followed up for 6 months, the rate of major adverse cardiac event (MACE) was recorded. Results The rates of ST-segment resolution and TMPG well in IPC group were significantly higher than those in control group:84.62%(66/78) vs. 67.07%(55/82) and 80.77%(63/78) vs. 64.63%(53/82), and the rate of ischemia-reperfusion injury in IPC group was significantly lower than that in control group: 7.69%(6/78) vs. 24.39%(20/82), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05 or<0.01). The endothelial function and fibrinolysis activity indexes (NO, ET-1, t-PA and PAI-1 levels ) 7 d after PCI in IPC group were significantly better than those in control group: (52.37 ± 3.84) μmol/L vs. (50.95 ±3.85) μmol/L, (75.47 ±3.47) ng/L vs. (76.61 ±3.72) ng/L, (12.96 ±1.25) μg/L vs. (12.52 ±1.23) μg/L, (21.78 ±4.01)μg/L vs. (24.95±7.56)μg/L, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05 or<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the rate of intraoperative complication between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The rate of MACE in IPC group was significantly lower than that in control group:3.85% (3/78) vs. 14.63% (12/82), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusions Applying IPC in patients with STEMI having underwent primary PCI is safe and can improve myocardial perfusion levels. The improvement of vessel endothelial function and fibrinolysis activity attained from IPC may be the major mechanism.

Purpose To discuss the clinicopathological features of primary thymic extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and lymphoepithelial sialadenitis (LESA)-like thymic hyperplasia,their relationship and differential diagnosis.Methods Three cases of thymic MALT lymphoma and one LESA-like thymic hyperplasia were evaluated by HE staining,immunohistochemistry and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangement technology.Results The symptoms of Sjsgren syndrome were found in the two patients with thymic MALT lymphoma.Microscopically,the normal architecture of thymus was effaced by dense lymphoid infiltration composed predominantly of centrocyte-like and monocytoid B cells with prominent lymphoepithelial lesions.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells were positive CD20,PAX-5,and BCL-2.The plasma cells showed lambda light chain restriction in one case with prominent plasmacytoid differentiation.In LESA-like thymic hyperplasia,the normal lobular architecture of thymus was generally reserved and abundant lymphoid tissue containing lymphoid follicles was seen with prominent lymphoepithelial lesions in expanding islands of thymic epithelial cells and epithelium lining the cysts,but a monocytoid B-cell population was absent.Immunohistochemically,a mixed B-cell and T-cell population was identified.A monoclonal rearrangement of the Ig gene was detected in all three thymic MALT lymphomas but not in the case of LESA-like hyperplasia.Conclusion Primary thymic MALT lymphoma and LESA-like thymic hyperplasia are both rare lymphoid proliferative lesions and the two lesions have overlapping histological and immunohistochemical features.A combination of genetic rearrangement and analysis of the differential points is helpful to distinguish between them.

Objective To investigate the effects and the mechanism of tirofiban administration in myocardial ischemical reperfusion injury(MIRI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Method The study included 158 STEMI Patients who accepted primary PCI therapy and were randomly (random number) divided into two groups: tirofiban administration group and control group. Incidence of MIRI during PCI, Correct TIMI frame count(CTFC), ST segment resolution(STR), peak value and peak time of MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase( CK-MB), and incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during 30 days postoperation in both groups were measured. Results Tirofiban administration group was superior to control group in terms of incidence of MIRI, CTFC, STR, peak value and peak time of CK-MB, and incidence of MACE during 30 days postoperation (P < 0.05). Multiple factor logistic regression analysis indicated that intravenous tirofiban administration before primary PCI was the independently protective factor for MIRI. Conclusions Intravenous tirofiban administration in patients with STEMI before primary PCI can significantly decrease the incidence of MIRI,reduce myocardial damage and improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between circulating microRNA-21 (miR-21 ) and unstable plague in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods A total of 100 consecutive patients with CAD admitted in the department of cardiology in Guangzhou first people’s hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled.All patients were checked with coronary angiograph and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)and were divided into two groups according to the presence of unstable plague detected by IVUS:stable plague group (n =45)and unstable plague group (n =55).Another 50 healthy people asking for routine physical examination during the same periods were enrolled as control group.Plasma miRNA-21 of patients were measured by the methods of quantitative realtime fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).Results The levels of plasma miRNA-21 in patients of unstable plague group were significant higher than that in patients of stable plague group and control group (0.87 ±0.10)vs.(0.78 ±0.11)vs.(0.67 ±0.08),P <0.05.The receiver operation curve (ROC)showed that plasma miRNA-21 had great significance in assessing the CAD patients with unstable plague evidenced by the areas under the ROC curve to be 0.869 (95%CI:0.797 -0.940,P <0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that plasma miRNA-21 was one strong independent predicative factor for unstable plague in patients with CAD (P <0.05 ).Conclusions The increasing levels of plasma miRNA-21 had the capabilitiy to predicate the unstable coronary plague in CAD patients.That miRNA-21 may be one valuable biomarker for predicating unstable plague in patients with CAD.

Objective A prospective randomized controlled trial was carried out to explore the best time of In-domethacin suppositories administration for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk groups. Methods 81 patients were enrolled in the study finally. Patients were randomized into group A (100 mg rectal Indomethacin suppositories was administrated immediately after ERCP), group B (100 mg rectal Indomethacin suppositories was administrated half an hour after ERCP) and group C (ERCP alone group, which did not give Indomethacin supposito-ries). The level of serum amylase, urine amylase, serum CRP, serum IL-6, serum TNF-α were measured before, 3 h, 24 h and 48 h after ERCP, and the incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia were analyzed. Results There was 1 case (4.00%) of PEP in group A, 2 cases (5.41%) of PEP in group B and 5 cases (26.31%) of PEP in group C;the incidences of PEP of group A and group B were significant lower than that in group C (P < 0.05). There was 1 case (4.00%) of hyperamylasemia in group A, 5 cases (13.51 %) of hyperamylasemia in group B and 6 cases (31.6 %) of hyperamylasemia in group C, and the incidences of hyperamylasemia of group A and group B were significant lower than that in group C ( P< 0.05). Conclusion Administration of 100 mg Indomethacin suppositories immediately or half an hour after ERCP can effectively reduce the incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia.

The yeast Sacchromyces cerevisiae is most widely used for producing bioethanol in alcoholic industry due to its higher ethanol yield and fermentation rate. However, the toxic effect of accumulated ethanol is one of the main factors, which limit high ethanol production. Thus, investigating the mechanisms of yeast ethanol tolerance will provide the basis for solving the industrial problem. This article reviewed the mechanisms of Sacchromyces cerevisiae ethanol tolerance focusing on its cell physiological behaviors, structure and biochemical composition, as well as its genetic basis.

Background The usual transbronchial coagulation techniques include microwave,argon plasma coagulation (APC),electrocautery and cryotherapy.However,there are serious clinical problems in the safety of each.By analyzing the experimental data and clinical observations,we observed the variable effects of different coagulation techniques via bronchofibroscopy,to look for an optimal interventional management of luminal bronchus diseases,and evaluate the safety and the equivalent point.Methods Four kinds of coagulation techniques under bronchoscopy were performed on the fresh bronchus of healthy sheep,and the pathologic changes in all groups were observed under the microscope.The different treatment parameters were as follows:microwave 60 W×1 second,3 seconds,5 seconds and 40 W×1 second,3 seconds,5 seconds; APC 40 W×1 second,3 seconds,5 seconds; electrocautery 40 W×1 second,3 seconds,5 seconds;cryotherapy 100 Ω×60 seconds,120 seconds.Results After treatment,ovine bronchial mucosa in all groups showed pathologic changes such as local necrosis and amotio of the mucosa lining epithelium,local submucosa coagulative necrosis or tissue defects,while inflammation in the surrounding tissue was not obvious.Under the same output power and action time,different methods had different outcomes.The damage by APC was the most superficial,microwave was the second,and electrocautery caused the worst damage.The study also found that effects of electrocautery at 40 W×3 seconds,microwave at 40 W×5 seconds or 60 W×3 seconds,APC at 40 W×5 seconds and cryotherapy at 100 Ω×120 seconds were the equivalent point conditions.The appearance included mucosa absence,partial submucosa absence,and collagen fiber coagulation in treatment areas.Conclusions Each coagulation technique has its own characteristic.It is very important to choose the appropriate power and action time of the suitable method according to the therapy requirement.

The active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine have been reported to possess significant pharmacological activity and played an important role in clinical treatments. However, lots of the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine suffer from disadvantages such as low solubility, high melting point and low stability that results in low bioavailability and limit its clinical application. Crystal structure plays an important role in improving physicochemical properties and efficacy of the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. This review concludes the research advances of several crystal forms used in the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine in terms of polymorph, cocrystal, amorphous/coamorphous and nanocrystal. And the effects of crystal forms on the physicochemical properties and efficacy of the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine were reviewed. This research may be useful for the formulation preparation and development of the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To find out the situation of household consumption of iodized salt in Hebei province so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD). Methods According to the "national iodine deficiency disorders surveillance program (Trial)", the county (city, district) was taken as a unit, township (town) and administrative villages were selected in accordance with the principle of systematic sampling, then households were chosen by random sampling to collect their edible salt in Hebei province from 2007 to 2009. Salt iodine content was detected by direct titration method. Results A total of 48 675, 48 448 and 48 756 salt samples were collected from 2007 to 2009, respectively. The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt from 2007 to 2009 was 91.16%, 91.96% and 96.17%, respectively. There were 24.6%(41/167)and 18.0%(30/167)counties with consumption rate of qualified iodized salt under 90% in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The percentage of counties with consumption rate of qualified iodized salt above 90% was 100.0%(167/167) in 2009. In general there was a significant differences in frequency distribution of consumption rates of qualified iodized salt among the three years(H = 10.778, P ＜ 0.01 ), and the difference was found significant between 2007 and 2009 as well as between 2008 and 2009(all P ＜ 0.05), but was not significant between 2007 and 2008(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt at household level increases annually from 2007 to 2009. By 2009,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in each county is more than 90%, which has reached the national standard stipulated in "the evaluation programs for fulfilling the goal of eliminating IDD at county level".