1.The impact on cognition by phenobarbital in epilepsy treatment
Neurology Asia 2011;16(Supplement 1):65-66
Despite the development of successive generations of antiepileptic drugs, phenobarbital has retained
a unique position in the therapeutic armamentarium and is still the most widely prescribed treatment
for epilepsy worldwide. Although serious systemic side effects of phenobarbital are uncommon,
its potential neurotoxicity remains a major concern. This is particularly so in the developed world.
These neurotoxic effects include sedation, behavioral problems (in particular, hyperactivity), impaired
cognition, depressed mood and affect. We conducted a case control study to evaluate the cognitive
effects of phenobarbital treatment in epilepsy patients in rural China. The study patients were treated
with phenobarbital monotherapy. Neuropsychological tests including Mini-Mental State Examination,
Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Digit Span Test, Verbal Fluency Test, and Digit Cancellation Test were
performed at baseline and during follow up. We did not fi nd any signifi cant change in the cognitive
function, expect for improvement in verbal fl uency test among patients whose seizures control
improved with phenobarbital. We concluded that there was no cognition impairment from treatment
with phenobarbital in patients with epilepsy. On the other hand, language function of patients may
improve due to the benefi cial effect of seizure control. Phenobarbital remains useful to treat epilepsy
particularly in the developing countries.
2.New advances in the treatment of multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2014;(12):1191-1193
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disorder of dendritic cells and the reticular cells. It is divided into single-system langerhans cell histiocytosis (SS-LCH) and multi-system langerhans cell system (MS-LCH). MS-LCH has a very poor prognosis. The key of survival is timely and effective treatment. The treatment protocols include chemotherapy, immunotherapy and stem cells transplantation. In this review, the new advances in the treatment of MS-LCH were systemically reviewed.
3.Characteristics of Sports-related Spinal Cord Injury: 38 Cases Report
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2010;16(1):66-67
ObjectiveTo investigate the cause and characteristics of sports-related spinal cord injury. MethodsAll 38 sports-related spinal cord injury patients admitted in China Rehabilitation Research Center were analyzed retrospectively. Results84.2% (32/38) were male, mean of age was 23.4 (5~58). Diving was the most cause to sports-related spinal cord injury (27/38). Except 2 patients with no fracture and 1 with lumbar fracture, other patients were all with the cervical fractures, in which 57.9% were burst fractures, 18.4% were fracture and dislocations. 47.2% were complete spinal cord injury, 58.2% were incomplete. As for their professions, 10.5% were athletes, 31.6% were students. ConclusionSports-related spinal cord injury can happen in athletes and others, most of them are younger, disability of different degree remains. It is important to prevent sports-related spinal cord injury.
4.Reposition of dislocated cricoarytenoid joint under laryngeal scope.
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2008;43(9):705-706
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Joint Dislocations
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etiology
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surgery
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Joints
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surgery
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Laryngeal Cartilages
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surgery
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Laryngoscopy
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methods
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Treatment Outcome
5.Dynamic changes of cardiovascular regulating factors in rats after aerobic exhaustive exercise.
Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 2013;29(6):538-542
OBJECTIVETo study the changes of cardiovascular regulating factors in rats during recovery of aerobic exhaustive exercise.
METHODSSixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, 1 h-exercise group, 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group, 2 h-recovery group and 12 h-recovery group. The rats were killed at corresponding times for each group after an 8-week-long treadmill training, and the levels of NO, ET, ANP and TXB2 in plasma were measured in each group.
RESULTSNO/ET ratio of 1 h-exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01), while it was significantly decreased in 3 h-exercise group and exhausted group (P < 0.05). ANP contents in rat plasma were significantly higher in 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group and 2 h-recovery group than that in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The concentration of TXB2 in plasma was significantly increased in 3 h-exercise group, exhausted group and 2 h-recovery group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONChanges in cardiovascular regulating factors after exhaustive exercise may lead to deficiency of coronary circulation blood/oxygen supply, which may cause exercise-induced fatigue.
Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; blood ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Endothelins ; blood ; Exercise Test ; Fatigue ; blood ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood
6.Association of depression with dietary fatty acids and the progress of mechanism research
Ning-ning ZHANG ; Zhen-zhen WANG ; Nai-hong CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2021;56(4):906-912
Depression is one of the diseases with the highest disability rate in the world. A large number of studies have shown that the intake of unsaturated fatty acids can deal with depression while chronic overconsumption of saturated fatty acids is a risk factor for depression. It was suggested that the mechanism of saturated fatty acids inducing depression is related to the following four aspects: regulating the function which links to depression in whole brain and specific brain regions, including the hippocampus, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the striatum, and the prefrontal cortex; stimulating the secretion of inflammatory factors; affecting the balance and function of metabolic regulatory hormones, including leptin, adiponectin, glucocorticoid, and insulin; inducing the disturbance of intestinal flora. This article reviews the relationship between dietary fatty acids and depression, and the possible mechanisms by which saturated fatty acids induce depression from the four aspects mentioned above.
7.The mTORC1 signaling network underlying the pathogenesis and treatment of depression:new insights into rapid-acting antidepressant therapies
Ting ZENG ; Zhen-Zhen WANG ; Nai-Hong CHEN
Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018;32(4):331-331
Depression is a devastating mental disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) that afflicts 16% of the global population at some point in their lives. Currently available classical antide-pressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs and MOIs), require a minimum of 2–4 weeks of continuous treat-ment to elicit therapeutic relief in depressed patients and are associated with high rates of non-respon-siveness, and limited duration of efficacy. Therefore, faster-acting antidepressant therapies are need-ed,particularly for patients at risk for suicide for current therapies for depression.Although the molecu-lar mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of depression are still largely unclear, previous studies have suggested that modulators of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling may have beneficial neuroprotective and antidepressant effects. Here, we review recent advances in understanding mTORC1 signaling in depression and potential therapeutic strategies resulting from modulation of the mTORC1 signaling network. We also highlight recent studies considered to support mTORC1 signaling modulation as a rapid-acting antidepressant therapy (e.g. ketamine, scopolamine, GLYX-13, (2R,6R)-HNK, Ro-256891 etc.) and discuss future research directions. Studies on prospec-tive next-generation rapid-acting antidepressant therapies should focus on developing more selective glutamate receptors(e.g.α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors(AMPARs) agonists or activators)that activate the mTORC1 signaling pathway free of ketamine's adverse effects.
8.Case of erythermalgia.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion 2013;33(9):850-850
9.A Specific Phenomenon of Animal Fluency Test in Chinese Elderly
Qihao GUO ; Lilin JIN ; Zhen HONG
Chinese Mental Health Journal 2002;0(09):-
Objective:To analyze the manifestation and essence of the knowledge of Chinese animal zodiacs in normal and cognitive impaired Chinese elders by Animal Fluency Test (AFT).Methods:512 normal elders, 153 patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 124 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) were evaluated with AFT and other tests (the mini-mental state examination, auditory verbal memory test, etc).Results:AFT total correct numbers and non-zodiac-animal numbers rather than zodiac-animal numbers showed significant relationships with gender, education level, premorbid ability, general cognitive and memory functions (r=-0.107~0.311,P
10.Study of MAPKKK5 gene expression of brain tuissur in patients with cryptogenic refractory temporal lobe epilepsy
Gang ZUO ; Zhen HONG ; Wenshi WEI
Journal of Clinical Neurology 1992;0(01):-
Objective To verify the variation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (MAPKKK5) gene expression in patients with cryptogenic refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and to evaluate the possible molecular pathogenesis of intractable TLE. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western-blot analysis were used to measure the expression alterations of MAPKKK5 mRNA as well as its protein product MAPKKK5 in temporal cortex samples from patients who had undergone temporal lobectomy for intractable epilepsy (n=10). Tissues from 10 subjects who did not have epilepsy served as controls. Results The expression of MAPKKK5 mRNA (1.001?0.321) and its protein MAPKKK5 (0.359?0.299) were significantly increased in epileptic brain compared with the controls (0.648?0.157, 0.137?0.084, respectively) (all P