Background and purpose:Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) plays a vital role in the process of anti-tumor immunology. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in concentration of IL-2 (50, 200 and 1 000 U/mL) would affect the sub-population and cytotoxic function of cells cultivated by peptide-specific CTL induction systemin vitro and also observe whether using the concentration of IL-2 at a range of 50-1 000 U/mL isbeneifcial to regulatory cells (Tregs) enrichment.Methods:Peripheral blood from 10 healthy donors and 10 cancer patients that were HLA-A2 positive, were collected in the study. HLA-A2 restricted CTL epitope P321 (ILIGETIKI) derived from COX-2 pulsed with different concentrations of IL-2 were used to induce peptides-speciifc CTLin vitro. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the proliferative capability, the proportion of different T-cell subsets, and secretion of perforin, granzyme B and IFN-γ. IFN-γ secretion was assessed by ELISpot assay.Results:High concentration of IL-2 increased the proliferative activity. The percentage of CD4+ T cells of cancer patient group was signiifcantly higher than that of healthy donor group, while the percentage of CD8+ T cells of cancer patient group was signiifcantly lower than that of healthy donor group. And there was no signiifcant difference in the percentages of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and Tregs among groups with different IL-2 concentrations. No difference was seen in cytokine (perforin, granzyme B, IFN-γ) secretion capacity of CD8+ T cells. ELISpot study revealed that high-dose IL-2 resulted in the increasing of IFN-γ secretion.Conclusion:The sub-population and the function of cells cultured by peptide-speciifc CTL induction systemin vitro are not affected by different concentrations of IL-2. Furthermore, high concentrations of IL-2 (50-1 000 U/mL) do not provide the enrichment for Tregs. Higher concentration of IL-2 is likely to cause high secretion of IFN-γ in ELISpot assay. In order to exclude the distraction of NK cells or NKT cells, the concentration of 50 U/mL is better choice.

Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy of Shenmai injection combined with FOLFOX chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer and its effects on immune function and tumor markers. Methods:Eighty-two patients with advanced gastric cancer who received treatment in Shengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China between June 2018 and June 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either FOLFOX chemotherapy (control group, n = 41) or Shenmai injection combined with FOLFOX chemotherapy (observation group, n = 41). All patients received three 21-day courses of treatment. Short-term efficacy of chemotherapy and improvement in quality of life were compared between the two groups. Immune function, expression of tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 724) and adverse reactions were determined before and after three courses of treatment. Results:Total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [70.73% (29/41) vs. 46.34% (19/41), χ2 = 5.025, P < 0.05]. The proportion of patients had improved quality of life in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [78.05% (32/41) vs. 56.10% (23/41), χ2 = 4.473, P < 0.05]. After three courses of treatment, the proportion of CD 3+ and CD 4+ cells and the ratio of CD 4+/CD 8+ cells in the observation group were (58.39 ± 3.14)%, (38.79 ± 2.35)% and (1.54 ± 0.17), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(48.10 ± 3.01)%, (30.10 ± 1.78)%, (0.92 ± 0.15), t = 15.148, 18.875, 17.511, all P < 0.05]. After three courses of treatment, serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 724 levels in the observation group were (6.98 ± 1.45) μg/L and (7.85 ± 1.76) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(15.47 ± 3.21) μg/L, (18.97 ± 3.25) μg/L), t = 15.434, 19.265, both P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Shenmai injection combined with FOLFOX chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer exhibits good short-term efficacy, can improve the immune function, and reduce the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 724.

Objective:To compare the clinical outcome of navigation-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation and posterior percutaneous plate fixation for Day type II crescent fracture dislocation of pelvis (CFDP).Methods:A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on clinical data of 40 patients with Day type II CFDP treated in General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA from January 2012 to June 2021. There were 23 males and 17 females, with age range of 42-73 years [(54.2±7.8)years]. A total of 19 patients were treated with navigation-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation (navigation group) and 21 with posterior percutaneous plate fixation (plate group). The incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss and in-hospital time were compared between the two groups. The reduction quality was evaluated by Matta radiographic standard at day 2 after surgery. The functional recovery was assessed by Majeed functional score at 3 and 6 months after surgery. The postoperative complications were observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 10-24 months [(13.6±2.9)months]. The incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss and in-hospital time was (2.4±0.3)cm, (43.1±5.2)minutes, (48.4±18.4)ml and (14.4±1.9)days in navigation group, showing significant difference compared with plate group [(8.8±0.4)cm, (132.2±19.4)minutes, (302.9±57.5)ml, (18.9±3.7)days] (all P<0.01). According to Matta radiographic standard at day 2 after surgery, the excellent and good rate was 89% in navigation group (excellent in 13 patients, satisfactory in 4 and poor in 2) and 95% in plate group (excellent in 15 patients, satisfactory in 5 and poor in 1) ( P>0.05). According to Majeed criteria at 3 months after surgery, the excellent and good rate was 89% in navigation group (excellent in 12 patients, good in 5 and poor in 2) and 95% in plate group (excellent in 15 patients, good in 5 and poor in 1) ( P>0.05). According to Majeed criteria at 6 months after surgery, the excellent and good rate was 95% in navigation group (excellent in 14 patients, good in 4 and poor in 1) and 95% in plate group (excellent in 17 patients, good in 3 and poor in 1) ( P>0.05). There was no iatrogenic neurovascular injury. The incidence of complications was 11% (2/19) in navigation group, including one patients with sacroiliac screw loosening and one with posterior iliac screw penetrating the medial cortex of the bone, while that was 29% (6/21) in plate group, including two patients with skin tenderness, two with deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremity and two with incision infection ( P<0.05). Conclusions:For Day type II CFDP, both navigation-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation and posterior percutaneous plate fixation can attain satisfactory efficacy, but the former has advantages of shorter operation time, less surgical trauma, less bleeding, shorter in-hospital time and lower incidence of complications.

Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Stem Cells