Histone acetylation and deacetylation is an important regulatory way of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. As a key regulatory enzyme, histone deacetylase is overexpressed in many malignant tumors, including hepa- tocellular carcinoma. In addition, it has been suggested to be a potential therapeutic target for solid tumors. In this study, we review the classification, mechanisms, as well as the expression and regulation of histone deactylases in hepatocelhlar carcinoma.

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0.05).The 83 samples of HBV genotype B all belonged to subtype Ba,and we had not found subtype Bj.CONCLUSIONS The HBV genotypes among the children carriers of hepatitis B virus in Wenzhou mainly are the genotypes C and B.In two subtypes of genotype B mainly is the subtype Ba.

We hypothesized that the concentrated urea and NaCl solutions may opened the blood-brain barrier to the horseradish peroxidase and trypan blue-albumin complex by shrinking barrier cells and opening up spaces between them. The experiments were carried out on 30 healthy, adult rats. Two experimental groups were used. First, intracarotid perfusion of anesthetized rats were prepared by exposing and catheterizing the left common carotid artery. A test solution of 3.4 M, 3.0 Osm urea and 0.87 M, 1.6 Osm NaCl, was perfused manually for 30 sec. in a cranial direction so as to expel the blood from the pial arterioles of the exposed brain. The pressure, which was not measured, varied between what was required which to expel blood from both arterioles and venules. Five milliliters of the test solution usually were used. Horseradish peroxidase and trypan blue was injected intravenously or through the carotid artery after perfusion. Threshold of barrier damage due to the intracarotid substance was defined as the lowest osmotality which produced obvious blue staining of the brain both on surface observation and coronal section. The effect of a substance was defined as reversible if a threshold concentration did not produce blue staining when the dye was injected 30 min following perfusion. Second, we applied a concentrated solution of 3.0 Osm urea and 1.6 Osm NaCl to the pia-arachnoid of the cerebral cortex, to study the barrier to the intravascular horseradish peroxidase and trypan blue-albumin complex. Hyperosmotic solution of 3.0 Osm urea and 1.6 Osm NaCl, either infused into one internal corotid artery or applied topically to the pia-arachnoid surface of the brain of rats, results in the opening of endo thelial tight junction through which horseradish peroxidase passes from blood to the basal menbrane and astrocytes and neurons. The evidence for this opening of the blood-brain barrier to protein is the entry of peroxidase into the neurons. It was postulated that sufficiently high concentrations of electrolytes or relatively lipid-insoluble non-electrolytes such as urea, osmotically pulled water from the cerebral endothelial cells resulting in their shrinkage. The shrinkage, in turn, was believed to open the tight junction between continuous endothelial cells so that the dyeprotein complex could pass through the junction from blood to neurons. The present study shows that these tight junctions, the sites of the barrier to neuron movement of protein, are indeed opened by the osmotic action of urea or NaCl.

Objective To determine pathogenesis and the suitable time of operation for myelomeningocele associated with hydrocephalus in neonate.Methods 6 underwent head CT scanning, 2 lumbosacral CT scanning and 6 lumbosacral X radiography on 6 patients myelomeningocele complicated with hydrocephalus.Ventriculoperitoneal shunt and repair of the myelomeningocele were performed respectively for one patient.from 1 day to 28 day old.Operation stage 1 in 5 patients.Repair of the myelomeningocele concurred with ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Intracranial pressure was measured in shunting procedure.Results 4 patients had normal intracranial pressure,2 patients increased intracranial pressure in the 6 patients.The volume of the hernial sac had markedly diminished and status of hernial sac had greatly improved wall in the patient who wnderwent two-stage procedures after shunt procedure. Lumbosacral wound healing was good . No recurrent myelomeningocele was found, no hydrocephalus was seen using head CT scanning and clinical manifestation has improved in these patients who were followed up 6 month to 3 year.Conclusions Hydrocephalus may deteriorate the degree of lumbosacral myelomeningocele. Effecacy of vntriculoperitoneal shunt and repair of the myelomeningocele was excellent in myelomeningocele complicated with hydrocephalus in neonate.Micro-operative technique might prevent the occurrence of tethered cord.

OBJECTIVE:To study inhibitory effects of propofol on PC12 cells injury induced by glutamic acid via mitogen-acti-vated protein kinase/extra-cellular regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signal pathway. METHODS:PC12 cells were randomized into normal control group,model group(10 mmol/L glutamic acid),propofol low-concentrations,medium-concentrations and high-con-centrations groups(12.5,25,50 μmol/L+10 mmol/L glutamic acid). The optical density of cells,cell apoptosis,the phosphoryla-tion of ERK1/2 and the expression of c-fos,Bax,Bcl-2 were detected after treated with relevant medicine for 48 h. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,optical density of cells,the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Bcl-2 decreased in model group (P<0.01);apoptotic rate,the expression of c-fos and Bax increased (P<0.01). Compared with model group,optical density of cells,the expression of Bcl-2 and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 increased in propofol group (P<0.01);apoptosis rate,the ex-pression of c-fos and Bax decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were statistical significant between the different concentrations (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Propofol can inhibit the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by glutamic acid,which is associated with the up-regulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the characteristics and the general pattern of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)induced by ritodrine and relevant factors. METHODS:26 literatures according with ADR diagnosis standard were retrieved from CNKI from 1999 to 2009. A total of 337 ADR cases induced by ritodrine were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The incidence of ritodorine-inducing ADRs was 29.96%(337/1 125). Several clinical manifestations appeared simultaneously. ADR of cardiovascular system accounted for 76.55%(n=284). 5.93% of patients with ADR stop taking medicine because of poor drug tolerance. CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring,adjustment of administration route to guarantee the safety of drug use.

Objective:To observe the effect of Radix Paeoniae Rubra on intimal proliferation,activating of angiotensin Ⅱ(AgⅡ) and expression of Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1(MKP-1) after carotid artery balloon injury in cholesterol-fed rabbits.Methods: Male rabbits were randomly divided into Radix Paeoniae Rubra(PPR) groups: high dose group(75、50、25g.kg-1.d-1;n=8),middle dose group(2g.kg-1.d-1),low dose group(1g.kg-1.d-1;n=8) and control group.Both groups received high fat forage(2% cholesterol + 5% lard).Balloon injury of carotid artery was performed.Carotid artery were harvested at the end of 10 weeks.Expression level of AgⅡwas measured by radioimmunoassay.MKP-1 expression was determined by RT-PCR.Immunohistochemical staining and morphological detection were adopted.Results: Compare with control group,expression of AgⅡ decreased obviously(P

Objective To improve short-and mid-term surgical outcomes ofter the tricuspid ring annuloplasty,and to provide theoretic basis for strategy making among patients with tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart diseases.Methods Tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart diseases ( including mitral valve diseases and aortic valve diseases) were treated by using tricuspid ring annuloplasty techniques.Patients'age averaged (47.3 ± 12.0) years old,there were a total of 84 female patients(53.2％ ).The average systolic pulmonary pressure was (53.4 ± 19.8) mm Hg.From August 2002 to December 2007,a total of 158 consecutive patients underwent tricuspid ring annuloplasty in Fuwai Cardiovascular disease Hospital.Among this group of patients,there were 66 mild tricuspid regurgitation(41.8％ ),54 moderate(34.2％ ),and 38 severe tricuspid regurgitation(24.0％ ).The average age was (47.3 ± 12.0) years old and female accounted for 53.2％ of the whole cohort.The indications for the tricuspid ring annuloplasty included:moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation or moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension ( systolic pulmonary hypertension ＞40 mm Hg).In the current study,the ring annuloplasty techniques were modified in the following aspects:selection of undersized ring and partial fixation of tricuspid septal segment.In all the patients,we chose Cosgrove-Edwards ring for tricuspid annuloplasty.The surgical outcomes were evaluated through multivariate regression and Cox analysis.Results Compared with moderate and severe tricuspid regurgitation groups,mild regurgitation group had the smallest ring diameter,mild group ( 38.2 ± 4.9 ) mm,moderate group(47.0 ± 11.6 ) mm,severe group(44.5 ± 8.9) mm,P ＜0.001.No significant differences were noted in terms of ejection fraction among three groups (0.59 ± 0.08,0.59 ± 0.06 and 0.58 ± 0.09,P =0.73 ).Compared with mild and moderate tricuspid regurgitation groups,severe regurgitation group had the highest systolic pulmonary pressure.The diameter reduction was most significant in severe regurgitation group,diameter reduction in mild,moderate and severe regurgitation groups were ( 12.4 ±5.6) mm,(20.8 ± 11.5 ) mm,( 18.6 ± 8.3 ) mm,respectively,P ＜ 0.00 1.An in-hospital death occurred in moderate regurgitation group.157 patients discharged alive.The median follow-up time was 49.1 months.During follow up,three moderate to severe regurgitation occurred,among which one was in moderate regurgitation group,two in severe regurgitation group ( P =0.06).There were three deaths in mild regurgitation group,two in moderate regurgitation group,and four in severe regurgitation group.No significant differences were found in terms of mid-term morality,P =0.10.Conclusion For patients with tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart diseases,the mid-term outcomes of modified Cosgrove-Edwards ring annuloplasty were satisfactory.The taking home messages include:positive recommendation for patients with pulmonary hypertension to accept tricuspid annuloplasty,use of undersized ring,and partial fixation of septal segment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of thalidomide plus mometasone furoate cream under occlusion and ultraviolet irradiation for the treatment of prurigo nodularis.Methods A non-randomized,parallel,controlled study was carried out.Eighty patients with prurigo nodularis were divided into 3 groups,i.e.,control group(no irradiation),ultraviolet A1(UVA1)group,and ultraviolet B(UVB)group.All the patients were treated with oral thalidomide and topical mometasone furoate cream under occlusion.Additionally,the patients in UVA1 group and UVB group received UVA1 and NB-UVB irradiation,respectively,thrice a week for no less than 8 weeks.Patients were evaluated at the baseline,and on day 30 after the beginning of treatment.Clinical outcome parameters included disease severity score and visual analogue scales for pruritus.Peripheral blood eosinophils were counted during each visit.Rank sum test was performed to compare the clinical efficacy between the 3 groups,and the relationship between peripheral blood eosinophile count and visual analogue scales for pruritus was analyzed.Results After 30 days of treatment,skin lesions were markedly improved in 5 (21.74％),13(43.33％)and 9(37.5％)patients,and improved in 7(30.43％),12(40％)and 7(29.17％)patients,in the control group,UVA1 group and UVB group respectively;a marked response in pruritus was noted in 7(30.43％),18(60.00％)and 14(58.33％)patients respectively in the control group,UVA1 group and UVB group.The efficacy on skin lesions and pruritus was significantly stronger in the UVA1 group and UVB group than in the control group(skin lesions:Z =8.21,5.22,both P ＜ 0.01;pruritus:Z =4.50,4.50,both P ＜ 0.01),but similar between the UVA1 group and UVB group(skin lesions:Z =0.50,P ＞ 0.05;pruritus:Z =0.35,P ＞ 0.05).Peripheral blood eosinophil count was positively correlated with the visual analogue scale for pruritus in the patients(r =0.53,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Thalidomide combined with mometasone furoate cream under occlusion and ultraviolet irradiation shows notable efficacy for the treatment of prurigo nodularis,and the combination with UVA1 or NB-UVB irradiation enhances the efficacy of thalidomide and mometasone furoate cream under occlusion.