Objective To investigate the relationship between serum three triacylglycerol lipase (ATGL) and inflammatory factors in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD).Methods 135 cases of CHD patients,and 50 healthy people were enrolled in the study.CHD patients were divided into stable angina pectoris (SAP) group (53 cases),unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group(46 cases) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (36 cases) according to relevant diagnostic criteria.The serum levels of ATGL,tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10),1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3] were measured by ELISA, and statistical treatment was performed.Results The levels of ATGL,1,25(OH)2D3 in CHD group were lower than that in control group,and the levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 were higher than those of control group(P<0.05).Comparison among different clinical types of CHD patients showed that ATGL,1,25 (OH)2D3 levels of AMI group were significantly lower than those of SAP group and UAP group,while TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 were higher than those of SAP group and UAP group(P<0.05);the levels of ATGL,1,25(OH)2D3 in UAP group were lower than those in SAP group,and TNF-α and IL-10 were higher than those in SAP group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that in the CHD group the serum levels of ATGL negatively correlated with TG,LDL-C,LP (a),TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10(r=-0.289,-0.227,-0.359,-0.243,-0.205,-0.337,P<0.05),while positively correlated with age,HDL-C,1,25(OH)2D3(r=0.267,0.356,0.229,P<0.05).Conclusion The ATGL levels in patients with CHD decreases with the increase of inflammatory factors,and plays a certain anti-inflammatory role in the progression of CHD.It can be used as a monitoring indicator to reflex the progress of CHD.