Objective To investigate whether activation of protein kmase C (PKC) can induce the activation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor enthroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro,and explore whether PKC activation may affect the expression of Nrf2 in RPE cells.Methods PKC-specific activator phorbol ester PMA was used to culture rabbit RPE cells and RPE cells pretreated with Nrf2 inhibitor for 24 hours.Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect Nrf2 in the nucleus of the expression of the situation,the data were obtained for statistical analysis.Results The expression of Nrf2 protein in the nucleus of PRE cells was detected by immunofluorescence.Compared with the control group,the expression of Nrf2 protein in the nucleus of RPE cells increased in the experimental group,and the increase of PMA + Nrf2 inhibitor group was lower than that of PMA group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the Nrf2 protein in the nucleus of PRE was quantitatively analyzed by image analysis.The gray value of the control group was significantly different (0.286 ± 0.013 in the control group,1.304 ± 0.033 in the PMA group and 0.671 ± 0.087 in the PMA + Nrf2 inhibitor group,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PKC can activate nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in rabbit RPE cytoplasm,and Nrf2 inhibitor can attenuate the effect of PKC.

Objective A suspected strain of Brucella canis isolated in Hebei Province in 2015 was identified and its genetic characteristics were analyzed.Methods After conventional identification of the bacteria strain,multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) and multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) were conducted to determine its species and genetic characteristics.Results The strain was identified as Brucella canis by conventional subtyping and M-PCR.Using Panel 1,the strain was genotype 3,using Panel 2A,the strain was genotype 28.It was closely clustered with Brucella canis,and differences of repeated numbers at variablenumber tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci Bruce04,Bruce07,Bruce09 and Bruce16 were also displayed.Conclusions The conventional subtyping and molecular methods can improve the stability and accuracy of the identification.Genetic characteristics of the strain is closely related to that of Brucella canis.

Objective To type Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae) isolated from children, and provide scientific basis for the correct selection of S.pneumoniae vaccine.Methods 182 strains of S.pneumoniae were collected from Children's Hospital of Hebei Province in 2014, species of strains were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), types of strains were analyzed with multiplex PCR.Results PCR detection showed that cpsA gene amplification of 182 strains were all positive;multiplex PCR detection revealed that except 8 strains were not typed, the main types of the remaining 174 strains were 19 F (n=68, 37.36%), 19A(n=33, 18.13%), and 6A/6B (n=26,14.28%), the other types were 35B, 14, 6C/6D, 23F, 15B/15C, and so on.Conclusion The main types of 182 strains of S.pneumoniae are 19 F, 19A, and 6A/6B, which provide scientific basis for the correct selection of S.pneumoniae vaccine for this province.

OBJECTIVETo determine and analyze plasma ammonia concentration difference of the portal vein system and ramifications of rabbits and consequently guide selection of the portal vein in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) so that reduce shunt-induced hepatic encephalopathic incidence. To evaluate clinical significance of transjugular intrahepatic left branch of portal vein portosystemic shunt (TILPS) and to analyse hemodynamics of both branches of the portal vein and to observe long-term results in the prevention of encephalopathy.

METHODSBlood samples in different portal vein branches of rabbits were collected and the plasma ammonia concentration was assayed and compared. The left branch of portal vein was used as the puncture site to perform TILPS and to keep away from the right branch of portal vein blood that contains nutrition and toxin.

RESULTSPlasma ammonia content was superior in the mesenteric vein and higher than the portal vein branch, the splenic vein, and the vena cava. The right portal vein was above the left. Encephalopathy did not occur in all patients within 3 months. Of the 341 patients undergoing TILPS, encephalopathy occurred in only 5 patients (1.47%) and shunt abnormalities in 19 patients (5.57%) verified by venography during overall follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONSSelective left branch of the portal vein portosystemic shunt can decrease encephalopathy obviously and protect liver function.

Adult ; Aged ; Ammonia ; blood ; Animals ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; blood ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; surgery ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic ; adverse effects ; Rabbits ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants. Methods The clinical data of 815 late preterm infants (449 males and 366 females) from 25 hospitals in Beijing were collected from October 2015 to April 2016, including 340 cases(41.7％) with hyperbilirubinemia (hyperbilirubinemia group), and 475 cases without hyperbilirubinemia (control group). The clinical data of two groups were compared, and the maternal factors influencing hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants were analyzed with logistic regression. Results There were no significant differences in gender ratio (M:F 1.39 vs. 1.12, t=1.811,P=0.172)and birth weight[(2502.6±439.6)g vs. (2470.2±402.9)g,χ2=2.330,P=0.127)]between two groups. The incidence rates of hyperbilirubinemia in infants of 34 wks, 35 wks and 36 wks of gestational age were 22.9％(87/174), 35％(119/300) and 42.1％(143/341) respectively (χ2=1.218,P=0.544). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the maternal age(OR=1.044,95％ CI:1.010-1.080,P=0.011)was independent risk factor and multiple births(OR=1.365,95％CI:0.989-1.883,P=0.048), premature rupture of membranes(OR=2.350,95％ CI:1.440-3.833,P=0.001), cesarean section(OR=1.540,95％CI:0.588-4.031,P=0.014)were risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants. Conclusions The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants is relatively high. Maternal age, multiple births, premature rupture of membranes and cesarean section are risk maternal factors related to hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants.

Objective:To study the respiratory morbidity and the risk factors of respiratory complications in late-preterm infants.Methods:The data of 959 late-preterm infants in 21 hospitals in Beijing from October 2015 to April 2016 were collected.These infants were divided into the respiratory morbidity group (237 cases) and the control group (722 cases) according to whether they had short-term respiratory morbidity after birth.Clinical data of the two groups were compared.Results:Among the 959 late-preterm babies, 530 were male and 429 were female.Two hundred and thirty-seven cases (24.7%) developed short-term respiratory morbidity after birth.Infectious pneumonia developed in the most cases (81 cases, 8.4%), followed by transient tachypnea (65 cases, 6.8%), amniotic fluid aspiration (51 cases, 5.3%), and respiratory distress syndrome (24 cases, 2.5%) successively.All the infants recovered and discharged.There were no differences between gender and maternal age between 2 groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, more late-preterm infants were delivered by cesarean section (73.4% vs.59.7%, χ2=14.43, P<0.001) and the 1-minute Apgar score was lower [(9.41±1.66) scores vs.(9.83±0.53) scores, t=5.40, P<0.001] in the respiratory morbidity group.The differences were statistically significant.There were more cases with maternal complications in the respiratory morbidity group that in the control group (66.7% vs.58.6%, χ2=4.877, P=0.027), but no difference in various complications between 2 groups was observed ( P>0.05). In the respiratory morbidity group, the most frequent complications were maternal hypertension and preeclampsia (27.8% vs.22.6%, χ2=2.728, P=0.099). There were no differences between 2 groups in gestational age, birth weight and birth length (all P>0.05). There were more infants small for gestational age and large for gestational age in the respiratory morbidity group than in the control group (18.8% vs.14.1%, 6.3% vs.2.4%, χ2=8.960, P=0.011). The duration of hospitalization of the respiratory morbidity group was significantly longer than that of the control group [(9.00±4.42) d vs.(6.82±4.19) d, t=6.676, P<0.001] since the infants with respiratory morbidity needed to be hospita-lized. Conclusions:Respiratory diseases occur in about 1/4 of late-preterm infants.Infants who are delivered by cesarean section and whose mothers are complicated with the maternal hypertension and preeclampsia should be monitored closely.Respiratory support should be provided for infants not appropriate for gestational age who are more likely to suffer from respiratory diseases, so that they can successfully pass through the transition period.

The detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristic wave is the basis of cardiovascular disease analysis and heart rate variability analysis. In order to solve the problems of low detection accuracy and poor real-time performance of ECG signal in the state of motion, this paper proposes a detection algorithm based on segmentation energy and stationary wavelet transform (SWT). Firstly, the energy of ECG signal is calculated by segmenting, and the energy candidate peak is obtained after moving average to detect QRS complex. Secondly, the QRS amplitude is set to zero and the fifth component of SWT is used to locate P wave and T wave. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, the algorithm in this paper has high accuracy in detecting QRS complex in different motion states. It only takes 0.22 s to detect QSR complex of a 30-minute ECG record, and the real-time performance is improved obviously. On the basis of QRS complex detection, the accuracy of P wave and T wave detection is higher than 95%. The results show that this method can improve the efficiency of ECG signal detection, and provide a new method for real-time ECG signal classification and cardiovascular disease diagnosis.
Algorithms ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis