Objective To evaluate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in reduction of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury by hypoxic preconditioning or norepinephrine preconditioning in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Methods Primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 25 each): control group (group Ⅰ), H/R group (group Ⅱ), hypoxia preconditioning group (group Ⅲ), norepinephrine preconditioning group (group Ⅳ), H7 + hypoxia preconditioning group (group Ⅴ) and H7 + norepinephrine preconditioning group (group Ⅵ). In group Ⅱ , the cardiomyocytes were exposed to 3 h of hypoxia followed by 1 h of reoxygenation. In group Ⅲ, the cells were subjected to 20 min of hypoxia followed by 20 min of reoxygenation before H/R. Norepinephrine was added to the culture medium with a final concentration of 10- 7 mol/L,and then the cells were cultured for 30 min before H/R in group Ⅳ. H7 was added to the culture medium with a final concentration of 5 × 10-5 mol/L, the cells were then cultured for 10 min, and the following procedures before H/R were the same as thase described in group Ⅴ . H7 was added to the culture medium with a final concentration of 5 × 10-5 mol/L, the cells were then cultured for 10 min, and the following procedures were the same as those described in group Ⅵ. The cell survival rate, the activities of LDH and CK in the supernatant, and the content of MDA and activity of SOD in cardiomyocytes were determined. Results The cell survival rate and activity of SOD were significantly lower, while the LDH and CK activities and MDA content higher in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ ,in group Ⅴ than in group Ⅲ, and in group Ⅵ than in group Ⅳ (P ＜ 0.01). The cell survival rate and activity of SOD were significantly increased, while the LDH and CK activities and MDA content decreased in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ compared with group Ⅱ (P＜0.01).Conclusion The activiation of PKC is involved in the reduction of H/R injury by hypoxic preconditioning or norepinephrine preconditioning in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Objective To proceed deep data mining in large database obtained by Cancer Genome Anatomy Project and to distinguish the difference expression genes of gastric carcinoma.Methods The 300,783 serial analysis of gene expression records from 4 libraries of gastric cancer and 2 libraries of normal gastric tissue in database of the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project were analyzed by digital gene expression displayer.Results The 201 difference expression tags represented 136 genes(54 up-regulated and 82 down-regulated) and 65 ESTs(24 up-regulated and 41 down-regulated) were distinguished,and these genes were involved in biological process and signal transduction pathways,such as cell cycle regulation,cell proliferation and apoptosis.The gene expression profile in whole body normal and cancer tissues of PTMA were constructed by digital Northern based on serial analysis of gene expression database and by virtual Northern based on cDNA database,respectively.Conclusion The difference expression genes of gastric cancer can be distinguished effectively with bioinformatics,and the results will guide our further molecular biology research.If validated by molecular biology experiment,the difference expression genes will be used as molecular targets of gastric carcinoma.

Aim To study the progestogen effect and activity of triphasic contraceptive tablets.Methods The progestogen activity of triphasic contraceptive tablets (kalirui and trinordiol) was evaluated through uterus weight increase test of female young mice and endometrium translation examination of female young rabbits. Radialized receptor analysis was used to determine the effect of the triphasic contraceptive tablets on progestogen receptor by the uterus histiocyte from the adult female rabbits whose ovaries had been taken away a week ago. Results Compared with the negative control, triphasic contraceptive tablets kalirui andtrinordiol in three phase groups not only enhanced uterus weight of female young mice, middle and high dose groups obviously accelerated the uterus weight increase ( P

Objective To compare the effects of two surgical procedures via comparison on tibial fractures with/without proximal fibula fractures ,and to explore the reference importance of proximal fibula fractures in surgery for complex tibial plateau fracturesinvolvingposterior and lateral spine .Methods Totally 69 cases of patients with complex tibial plateau fracturesinvolving‐posterior and lateral spine (Schatzker Ⅴ and Ⅵ) were selected ,who accepted treatment between January 2008 and October 2012 . The patients were screed according to the quality of fracture reduction immediately after operation .39 cases were screened whose scores were excellent and the general condition was similar .The patients were divided into group A1 ,A2 and B1 and B2 according to the whether there was proximal fibula fractures and whether accepted posterior lateral support steel plate:group A1 (n=10):without proximal fibula fractures but with posterior lateral support steel plate;group A2 (n=11):without proximal fibula fractures and without posterior lateral support steel plate;group B1 (n=9):with proximal fibula fractures and with posterior lateral support steel plate;group B2 (n=9):with proximal fibula fractures but without posterior lateral support steel plate .According to the knee scoring system of American Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) ,a total of 39 cases of patients were followed up for 12-14 months (average 12 .8 months) to evaluate the recovery condition of knee function .And correlations between the scores of the 4 groups were compared .Results There were statistically significant differences between group B1 and group B2 on HSS scores (P<0 .01) ,but there were not between group A1 and A2 (P>0 .05) .Conclusion For patients with complex tibial plateau fracturesin‐volvingposterior and lateral spine and with proximal fibula fractures ,posterior lateral support steel plate can achieve more satisfac‐tory rehabilitation function .

AIM: To investigate the effects of TNF receptor-associated death domains (TRADD) of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) on the proliferation of nasopharyngeal cancer SP18 cells.METHODS: The SP18-LMP1 cells and SP18-LMP1TRADD cells, which expressed LMP1 and LMP1 TRADD proteins, respectively, were established.The proliferation of SP18 cells affected by LMP1TRADD was detected by cell counting to analyze the cell growth curve, and by colony formation assay, soft agar formation assay, and flow cytometry.Moreover, the expression profile of differential genes between SP18-LMP1 cells and SP18-LMP1TRADD cells was analyzed by gene chips.RESULTS: The cell growth curve, and the results of colony formation and soft agar formation displayed that the growth velocity and colony forming ability of SP18-LMP1 cells were stronger than those of SP18-LMP1TRADD cells (P<0.01).The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the proliferation index of SP18-LMP1 cells was higher than that of SP18-LMP1TRADD cells (P<0.01).Sixty-three differentially expressed genes associated with cell proliferation were screened out, in which 33 genes were up-regulated and 30 were down-regulated in the SP18-LMP1TRADD cells.CONCLUSION: TRADD active region is an important functional site of LMP1 to promote the proliferation of SP18 cells.LMP1 may improve the cell proliferation index and induce the proliferation of SP18 cells through TRADD.

Objective To compare the efficacy of flurbiprofen axetil combined with fentanyl administered using different modes for postoperative analgesia.Methods This was a prospective,multicenter,randomized,double-blind,control,parallel-group study.ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 14-91 yr,weighing 35-95 kg,scheduled for orthopedic,thoracic or hepatobiliary surgery under general anesthesia from January 2010 to October 2010,were randomly divided into A,B and C groups.The three groups received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery.In group A,flurbiprofen axetil 100 mg was injected immediately after the end of surgery and then PCIA was performed with fentanyl 1.0 mg in 100 ml of normal saline.In group B,PCIA was performed with flurbiprofen axetil 200 mg and fentanyl 0.6 mg in 100 ml of normal saline.In group C,flurbiprofen axetil 100 mg was injected immediately after the end of surgery and then PCIA was performed with flurbiprofen axetil 200 mg and fentanyl 0.6 mg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCA pump was set up with a 2 ml bolus dose,a 10 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 2 ml/h.VAS scores at rest and during activity and sedation score were recorded at the end of surgery and 4,8 and 24 h after surgery.The effective analgesia,excessive sedation,nausea and vomiting,dizziness,somnolence and respiratory depression were recorded within 24 h after surgery.Samples from the PCIA bump were taken to do microbe culture experiment at 24 and 48 h after surgery.Results Two thousand five hundred and ninety-six cases completed this trial (875 cases in group A,946 cases in group B and 775 cases in group C).Compared with group A,VAS scores at rest and during activity at the end of surgery and 4,8 and 24 h after surgery and sedation score were significantly decreased in group B,VAS scores at rest and during activity were significantly decreased at the end of surgery and 4 and 8 h after surgery and sedation scores were significantly increased at 4 and 8 h after surgery in group C,the rate of effective analgesia was increased in groups B and C,the incidence of excessive sedation was decreased in group B,while increased in group C,the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly decreased in groups B and C,and the incidence of postoperative dizziness was significantly decreased in group C (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group B,no significant change was found in the VAS scores at rest and during activity,rate of effective analgesia,and incidences of nausea and vomiting,and somnolence (P ＞ 0.05),sedation scores were significantly increased at the end of operation and 4 and 8 h after surgery,the incidence of excessive sedation was increased,and the incidence of postoperative dizziness was decreased in group C (P ＜ 0.05).Neither bacterium nor fungus was found in the PCIA pump samples.Conclusion PCIA with flurbiprofen axetil 200 mg and fentanyl 0.6 mg (background infusion at a rate of 2 ml/h,2 ml bolus dose,10 min lockout interval) provides better efficacy and the occurrence of sides effects is low for the patients undergoing moderate or major operations.

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of decreasing conditioning regimen intensity on the engraftment of HLA haplotype peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

METHODTwelve patients with leukemia, including 4 in complete remission, whose HLAs were full matched with donors, and 8 with refractory leukemia, whose HLAs were mismatched, were transplanted with G-CSF mobilized allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells after conditioned with a regimen consisting of fludarabine (30 mg/m(2) x 6 days), busulfan (4 mg/kg x 2 days) and cyclophosphamide (30 approximately 60 mg/kg x 2 days) (FBC). Donor lymphocytes were infused at day + 30, + 60 and + 90 after transplantation, respectively. Hematopoietic reconstitution was observed. Engraftment was documented by the analysis of short tandem repeats with polymerase chain reaction (STR-PCR).

RESULTPatients in HLA haplotype group received a mean number of 4.87 x 10(8)/kg donor mononuclear cells (MNC), with CD(34)(+) cells of 4.58 x 10(6)/kg and patients in HLA identical group a mean number of 4.85 x 10(8)/kg MNC with CD(34)(+) cells of 4.47 x 10(6)/kg. The mean time of white blood cell count more than 1.0 x 10(9)/L was 14 (10 approximately 18) days in HLA matched patients and 29 (11 approximately 90) days in HLA haplotype group. One three locus mismatched patient failed to engraft, but auto-hematopoiesis was recovered on day + 50. Full donor chimerism was observed in all patients except one with mixed chimera. The mixed chimera was converted into full donor chimera after three times donor lymphocyte infusion. One each died from severe acute GVHD, severe VOD and severe chronic GVHD in HLA haplotype group, and one from chronic GVHD in HLA identical group.

CONCLUSIONPatients survived engraftment was not influenced by decreasing conditioning intensity as in this regimen. Haplotype stem cells could be engrafted durable in recipients by this regimen combined with donor lymphocyte infusion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Busulfan ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation Tolerance ; drug effects ; Vidarabine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of social isolation on the cognition and expression of 5-HT2C receptor(5-HT2CR) and adenosine deaminase that act on RNA 1(ADAR1) in BALB/c mice.MethodsThe healthy BALB/c mice were isolated for 2,4,and 8 weeks individually since postnatal 21 days respectively to set up isolation mice model,the same age mice without isolation were regarded as control group.The new object location and the new object recognition tests were used to measure the spatial and non-spatial cognitive function,and western blot was used to measure the protein expression of 5-HT2CR and ADAR1.ResultsThe new object location test showed that the spatial discrimination index (DI) of BALB/c mice isolated for 2 weeks was decreased significantly compared with the control group(control group was (0.075±0.340),isolation group was (-0.653±0.308),P<0.05),and no obvious difference was found for the group isolated for 4 and 8 weeks.The new object recognition test showed that the non-spatial DI of BALB/c mice isolated for 2 and 4 weeks were decreased significantly compared with the control group(control 2 weeks group was (0.088±0.210),isolation 2 weeks group was (-0.945±0.194),P<0.05;control 4 weeks group was (0.105±0.267),isolation 4 weeks group was (-0.506±0.215),P<0.05),and no obvious difference was found for the group isolated for 8 weeks.Compared with the control group the expression of 5-HT2CR and ADAR1 in the hippocampus were decreased significantly for the group isolated for 2 weeks.(5-HT2CR:control group was (1.025±0.144),isolation group was (0.891±0.026),P<0.05.ADAR1: control group was (0.839±0.120),isolation group was (0.629±0.094),P<0.05).ConclusionsTwo week social isolation results in the decrease of spatial and non-spatial cognitive function in BALB/c mice,in the meanwhile,social isolation stress results in the obvious decrease of 5-HT2C receptor and ADAR1 protein expression in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of vitamin K 2 on traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the relationship with nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in rats. Methods:Thirty-six SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 280-300 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) by a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham), group TBI and TBI plus vitamin K 2 group (group TBI+ VK 2). The TBI model was developed using modified Feeney′s method.In TBI+ VK 2 group, vitamin K 2 400 mg/kg (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide) was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min after developing TBI model.The equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide was intraperitoneally injected in group Sham and group TBI.The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was measured and open field tests were performed at 24 h after development of TBI.The rats were sacrificed after the end of behavioral testing, and brains were obtained for measurement of brain water content (by wet-dry weight method), percentage of brain injury volume (by TTC assay), contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18 and caspase-1 in cortex on the injured side (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-18 in cortex on the injured side (by Western blot). Results:Compared with group Sham, the mNSS score was significantly increased, the total distance travelled was reduced, the time spent in the central zone was shortened, the brain water content and percentage of brain injury volume were increased, the contents of IL-1β, IL-18 and caspase-1 in cortex on the injured side were increased, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-18 was up-regulated in group TBI ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Compared with group TBI, the mNSS score was significantly decreased, the total distance travelled was increased, the time spent in the central zone was prolonged, the brain water content and percentage of brain injury volume were decreased, the contents of IL-1β, IL-18 and caspase-1 in cortex on the injured side were decreased, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-18 was down-regulated in group TBI+ VK 2 ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions:Vitamin K 2 can reduce TBI, and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in rats.

Objective: To investigate the value of Multislice computed tomography volume rendering(VR) technique and 3D printing technique in auricular reconstruction. Methods: Six patients were enrolled for auricular reconstruction with costal cartilage, including 5 congenital microtia patients and 1 traumatic auricular defect patient. We harvest the three-dimensional reconstructive data of the contralateral sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth costal cartilage with VR technique. Three-dimensional solid models were 3D printed with nylon material according to the data exported in STL format. Preoperative simulation was performed on the models, accordingly, we determined the strategies of costal cartilage harvest and framework fabrication, and operations were performed based on the pre-designed plan. Results: In all 6 patients, the actual costal cartilage harvest and framework fabrication process was consistent with the preoperative design and simulation results, and more scientific than before. The shapes of reconstructed ears were vivid and natural. No complications such as infection, absorption, distortion and chest deformity happened. Conclusions Through costal cartilage VR and 3D printing technique, we could make more reasonable preoperative design and simulation. The results can be improved with reduced injury, while avoiding the risks of thoracic deformity.