Objective To study the clinical features of gallbladder small cell carcinoma (GSCC),to improve the diagnosis and treatment of GSCC.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of GSCC patients at our hospital from January 2000 to January 2012,and made a collective review of the literature.Results In this series,there were four female cases,one male case,the age at the first diagnosis was between 42-67,with the median age of 57.The main complain was pain and dis-comfort on the up and right abdomen.Tumor located in the bottom of gallbladder in 3 cases,and in the body in 2.Cholelithiasis was complicated in 4 cases.2 patients received radical resection of GSCC,followed by adjuvant chemotherapy of VP-16 and cisplatin,radioactive therapy in one.Postoperatively,these two were followed up for 45 and 32 mons with tumor free survival.3 cases received palliative resection,followed by adjuvant chemoradioactive therapy or intervention treatment,these three were followed up to 8,11,30 months respectively to their death for tumor recurrence.Conclusions GSCC is a rare disease,the initial symptoms are not often specific and easily misdiagnosed.The prognosis of GSCC is poor.

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of EGC patients,especially the relationship between prognosis and tumor size.Methods Clinical data of 119 EGC cases from 1998 to 2002 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The overall 5-year survival rate was 90.9%.and the survival rate of patients with tumor D＜2 cm.2 cm≤D＜4 cm and D≥4 cm respectively was 100%,92.0%and 80.8%(P=0.024).In this group,tumor stage,lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion depth did not affect the survival statistically.There was no correlation between tumor size and other prognostic factors.Conclusion Tumor size is an independent prognostic factor of patients with EGC,which may have some relevance to the surgical approach of EGC.

Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical feature,therapeutic mnethods and prognosis of colorectal small cell carcinoma.Methods From January 2000 to January 2012,15 patients of colorectal small cell carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 12 male cases,3 females.The age at diagnosis was between 39-71 years,with median age of 60.SCC located in the rectum in 12 cases,in the colon in 3 cases.The time from the onset of symptoms to final diagnosis was from 1 to 12 months.The diameter of tumors varied from 2.5 to 8.0 cm.13 cases received up-front surgery,including radical tumor resection in 6 cases,palliative resection in 7 cases,and neoadjuvant-chemotherapy followed by palliative resection in one case.The initial Ⅰ,Ⅲ B,Ⅳ B stage were 1 case,6 cases and 8 cases,respectively.The overall median survival time is 11 months,1,2 year's survival rate is 40.0％ and 20.0％,respectively.Conclusions Colorectal SCC is less common and the prognosis is poor.Multimodality management,with radical surgical resection of the primary lesion followed by standard adjuvantchemotherapy,affords good local disease control and a fair survival.

Objective:To confirm the potential of growth-related gene productβ(GROβ) as a biomarker for colorectal cancer. Methods:Serum GROβlevels in 123 subjects with colorectal cancer, 88 healthy controls, and 125 subjects with other diseases were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in all subjects were measured using immunoluminometric assay. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the associa-tions between serum GROβlevels and clinical parameters for colorectal cancer. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of GROβ, CEA, and CA19-9 were analyzed. Results:The serum GROβlevels were higher in patients with colorectal cancer (median=96.15 pg/mL) than in the healthy controls (median=43.28 pg/mL, P<0.01) and in patients with other diseases (median=57.30 pg/mL, P<0.01). The serum GROβlevels in patients with colorectal cancer were positively correlated with the tumor-node-metastasis staging (P<0.01) and depth of infiltration (P<0.05), but not with the histological grade, tumor embolus, lymph node metastasis, gross pathologic tu-mor type, or gender of the patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay for serum GROβwere 56.1%(69/123) and 95.31%(203/213), respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity was 22.2%(4/18) for stage I and 66.7%(26/39) for stage II when the data of GROβwere combined with the data of CEA and CA19-9. The ROC curve constructed with the data of GROβ(0.834) was larger than that construct-ed with the data of CEA (0.739) or CA19-9 (0.676) for discriminating colorectal cancer from the matched controls. Conclusion:These preliminary results indicated that the serum GROβlevel could be a useful biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnoses.

BACKGROUND:The osmotic tissue expander is a self-fil ing device consisting of an osmotic active hydrogel which is made of vinylpyrrolidone and mehtylmethacrylate. It can absorb body fluids and swel up gradual y after embedded.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the short-term and long-term regular patterns as wel as histocompatibility of the osmotic tissue expander in vivo.
METHODS:A self-control design was carried out in Wistar rats by embedding the osmotic tissue expander and high-density polyethylene into each side of their spinal column subcutaneously. Wound healing, tissue expansion and inflammatory reaction were detected and compared at different periods after operation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the wounds got primary healing. The device expanded fastest at week 1 after the implantation. After being enlarged to about nine times that of the initial size at week 4, the expander slowed down its swel ing. It reached its ultimate volume at week 12 which was about 10 times as big as that of the initial one. Then it remained almost the same size until the end of our design. Pathological sections showed that the inflammatory reaction of osmotic-tissue-expander-group had no significant difference from that of the control group (P>0.05). These findings suggest that osmotic tissue expander has a slow-lasting swel ing ability and good histocompatibility.

BACKGROUND: The nano-hydroxyapatite/bacterial cellulose (nHAP/BC) nanocomposites has a good prospect of application in bone tissue engineering, and the bone tissue engineered materials and its degradation products Should have excellent compatibility. This study further assessed DAN synthesis cycle using flow cytometry on the basis of evaluating cell compatibility by metabolic 3-(4, 5-dim ethylthiazo 1-2-y 1) -2, 5-Dipheny 1-2H-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cytocompatibility of a new-pattern nHAP/BC nanocomposites and its residues. METHODS: Effects of nHAP/BC nanocomposites and its residues on morphclogicel changes in osteoblasts were observed using in vitro cell culture method. Effects of nHAP/BC nanocomposites and its residues on osteoblast growth and prclifera'don were evaluated by MTT assay. Cell cycle phase changes were detected using flow cytometry to evaluate matsdal effects on cell proliferation on molecular levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The nHAP/BC nanocomposites and its residues had neither remarkable effects on cell morphology, nor significant inhibition on osteoblast growth and proliferation. Test of MTT cytotoxicity showed that the average cell proliferation rate was over 80% after treated with the material and its residues, with the cytotoxity grade of 1 (non-toxic). Flow cytometry indicated that the rate of G_0/G_1 was reduced, and the rates of S, G2/M were increased, and the synthesis of DNA was increased, the cellular growth and repair in osteoblasts was accelerated. These indicated that nHAP/BC nanocomposites have good cytocompatibility, and it will be safe and prospected scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the effects on the condition of nutrition and immunologic function of gastric cancer treated with the insertion of jejunal nutrient canal after total gastrectomy.Methods In this study 113 gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into enteral nutrition group (the group of the fine-needle/catheter jejunostomy during operation,FCJ group) and parenteral nutrition group (PN group) after total gastrectomy.Evacuating time and postoperative complications were observed and relative laboratory parameters were measured prior to surgery (preoperative) and on days 3 and 7 postoperatively.Results The evacuating time in enteral nutrition group was shorter than that in parenteral nutrition group significantly[(4.1±2.2) d vs.(5.1 ±2.0) d,t =2.156,P =0.037];Serum level of prealbumin[( 18 ± 7 ) mg/dl vs.( 14 ± 7 ) mg/dl,t =2.370,P =0.022]and transferring[(205 ±45 ) mg/dl vs.( 186 ± 39 ) mg/dl,t =3.665,P =0.001]in enteral nutrition group on postoperative day 7 was higher than that in parenteral nutrition group;Serum IgA[( 2.3 ± 1.0 ) g/L vs.( 1.9 + 0.7 ) g/L,t =2.178,P=0.034],lgM[(1.4 ±0.4) g/L vs.(1.0 ±0.4) g/L,t=2.124,P=0.039]and IgG[(9.5 ±1.9) g/L vs.(9.0 ± 2.3 ) g/L,t =2.189,P =0.033]were higher in enteral nutrition group than that in parenteral nutrition group;The incidence of postoperative alimentary dysfunction in enteral nutrition group was lower than that in parenteral nutrition group( 3％ vs.13％,x2 =3.962,P =0.048).Conclusions It is safe and convenient to use early postoperative enteral nutrition support by fine-needle/catheter jejunostomy (FCJ) in gastric cancer patients immediately after total gastrectomy.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and effects of pseudomonas aerug PA-MSHA vaccine on cytoimmunity in advanced gastric cancer patients. MethodsSeventy two patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Tumor bed was treated intraoperatively by pseudomonas vaccine injection in experimental group.The venous bloods were sampled prior to surgery (preoperative) and on days 10,20,and 30 postoperatively.The total lymphocyte count and lymphocyte subpopulations were detected while the postoperative complications and adverse drug reaction were observed,prognosis was evaluated. ResultsThe total lymphocyte count(P =0.042) and the counts ofCD3+ lymphocyte(P =0.027) and NK cell increased (P =0.012) obviously in experimental group.CD8+ lymphocyte decreased(P =0.037),but the counts of CI4+ lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ were not significantly different.Complications were not significantly different in the two groups.One year survival rate was longer ( 94.9％ ) in experimental group than that in the control group ( 83.3％ ) ( P =0.022 ).ConclusionsPeritoneal cavity administration with pseudomonas aerug vaccine was safe,and effectively helps regulate cytoimmunity in postoperative patients of advanced gastric carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To understand and use reasonably the strategy of prevention and management of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection(OPSI). METHODS According to intervention to patients with postsplenectomy by means of education,vaccination,antibotic prophylaxis after April 1998,clinical and follow-up data were reviewed and analyzed from 337 cases patients with traumatic splenectomy from Jan 1992 to Jan 2004,and correlative factors of four OPSI cases were further analyzed. RESULTS Incidence of OPSI descended obviously after intervention(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the result of laparoscopic colorectomy in treatment of colorectal cancer.

METHODSLaparoscopic colorectal surgery was performed in 78 patients with colorectal cancer. Operative procedures, complications and postoperative recovery were studied.

RESULTNone of the 78 patients died of laparoscopic colorectal surgery or complications. Eleven patients died from tumor metastasis and 2 from other causes. Twenty-one, 17, 8 patients for 1, 3, 5 years survived respectively. In nine patients who had received operation less than 1 year, no tumor recurrence or metastasis was found except in 1 patient 11 months after operation.

CONCLUSIONLaparoscopic colorectal cancer resection is essential to colectomy for colon and rectum cancer when indicated.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colectomy ; methods ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rectum ; surgery