Objective To investigate the ultrasound measured inferior vena cava (IVC) caliber used as an objective indicator to assess water retention of patients with acute heart failure (AHF).Methods A total of 72 consecutive patients with acute heart failure admitted in the emergency department between December 2013 and April 2014 were enrolled.Acute heart failure was defined by the presence of symptoms such as asthmatic embarrassment and nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea with or without signs of tracheobronchchial rale and edema of lower limbs,and by objective evidence of cardiac dysfunction as well,either a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45％ or the combination of both left atrium dilation (≥ 4 cm diameter in the parasternal long axis) and a plasma concentration of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) ＞ 450 pg/mL (patients under 50 years old) or ＞ 900 pg/mL (patients over 50 years old and under 75 years old) or ＞ 1800 pg/mL (patients over 75 years old) or ＞ 1200 pg/mL (patients with renal dysfunction,glomerular filtration rate ＜ 60 mL/min).Exclusion criteria were chronic hepatic disease and acute myocardial infarction.Another 22 patients were enrolled as control.Independent t tests were used to compare normally distributed continuous variables between two groups,while nonparametric tests were used to compare non-normally distributed continuous ones,and chi-squared tests were used for categorical variables.The relations between IVC inner diameter and other normally distributed variables were assessed by Pearson correlation coefficients.A 2-sided P value ＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The congestion score and IVC inner diameter were significantly higher in patients with AHF (P ＜ 0.05 ; P ＜ 0.01).The IVC inner diameter was correlated with NT-proBNP concentration (r =0.339,P =0.01 3) and congestion score (r =0.431,P =0.002).There was no relation between IVC inner diameter and LVEF (r =-0.241,P =0.102).IVC inner diameter had significantly positive correlations with pulmonary artery pressure and tricuspid regurgitation (r =0.414,P =0.004 ; r =0.359,P =0.015).Creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and bilirubin were independently associated with increasing IVC inner diameter (r =0.313,P =0.032 ; r =0.379,P =0.009 ; r =0.385,P =0.007),while IVC inner diameter had negative relation with glomerular filtration rate (r =-0.337,P =0.021).Conclusions The IVC inner diameter can be used as a measurable and objective indicator to estimate the magnitude of access water retention in patients with AHF.

Objective To explore if the day surgery for cataract is safe and should be popularized. Methods From September to October in 2015, among the patients who received the ultrasonic phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in the cataract department of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, according to the admission time, one hundred and three patients were chosen respectively from the day ward(the experimental group)and the traditional ward(the control group)based on the purposive sampling. The average time of waiting for admission, the falls events before admission, the awareness about postoperative considerations, the postoperative complications and the infection rate between the two groups were compared. Results The average time of waiting for admission in the experimental group was much shorter than that in the control group, (6.36 ± 4.02) days vs. (21.35 ± 18.58) days. The difference was significant (Z=-8.386, P<0.01). The rate of falls before admission in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group and the difference was significant, 9.71%(10/103) vs. 20.39%(21/103),χ2=4.595, P<0.05. No infection happened in both groups. Conclusions The day surgery model doesn′t increase the risk and is as safe as the traditional surgery model. It should be extended as it also has the advantages of shorter hospital stay, less medical resource consumption and less hospitalization expenses, besides, it saves time and labor. What′s more, the mean waiting time for hospitalization for day surgery is shorter. It means the patients can receive the operation as soon as possible, which ensures the patients′safety, and reduce the unsafe factor in their life, bring the benefit to the society.

Objective To investigate the effect of complete revascularization strategy on the prognosis of elderly patients suffering from acute ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction(STEMI)complicated with multivessel disease(MVD). Methods A total of 390 elderly patients(over 60 years old)suffering from acute STEMI with MVD treated by clinical revascularization administration were enrolled for the study and divided into complete revascularization group(CR group,n=139)and non-complete revascularization group(NCR group,n=251). The effect of complete re-vascularization strategy on the prognosis was then analyzed by COX regression analysis. Results Compared with the NCR group,the patients of the CR group are younger and with a higher ratio of old myocardial infarction ,as well as the average number of stents ,and the mean value of total stent length is larger. The application of calcium channel blocker for post-operation patients is rarer as well. No significant difference can be found between the two groups on the ratio of post-operation all-cause mortality,cardiac mortality,nonfatal myocardial infarction,unplanned repeat revas-cularization. Multivariate COX analysis showed that the complete revascularization had no obvious difference on the prognosis of these patients be-tween the two groups. Conclusion There is individual diversity in the revascularization strategy choosing for elderly patients of acute STEMI alongside MVD;however,the prognosis is not significantly improved.

BACKGROUND:Mental material has shadow intervention effects on multi-slice helical CT (MDCT).Mental wall thickness and lumens inner diameter in stent structure can significantly affect longitudinal axis imaging quality of MDCT target vessel stent.However.there are few studies involved in this aspect.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of various coronary stent materials and structures on patency images of target vessel by MDCT evaluation,and to provide clinical evidences for improving stent technique.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The comparison observation was conducted at the Shenzhou Hospital,Shenyang Medical College.and Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University from January 2006 to December 2008.PARTICIPANTS:A total of 139 patients with coronary heart disease who were treated with stent implantation were divided into material and construct groups (227 stents were implanted).There were 92 stainless steel stents,135 nick-eltitanium alloy stents,85 thin mental wall stents (<140μm).142 thick mental wall stents (≥140μm).71 small diameter stents (<3 mm),and 156 big diameter stents (≥3mm).METHODS:During following up,patients were checked using 64-slice helical CT and routine coronary arteriongraphy to compare patency images of target vessels in the two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:MDCT was scored by four-mark standard to evaluate sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive and negative predictive values of MDCT.RESULTS:A total of 227 stents were implanted into 139 patients.CT images of stainless steel stent group were poorer than nickel-titanium alloy group,and the indicators including image score,sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values of the stainless steel stent group were significantly less than nickel-titanium alloy group (P<0.05).CT images of thick-wall stent were poorer than thin-wall stent,while the indicators including image score,sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values of the thick-wall stent were significantly less than thin-wall stent (P<0.05).CT images of small-diameter stent were poorer than large-diameter stent,while the indicators including image score,sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values of the small-diameter stent were significantly less than large-diameter stent (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Materials,wall thickness and diameter of coronary stent may influence images of target vessels via MDCT evaluation.

Adult ; Angiomyolipoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; genetics ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; complications ; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of short-term prognostic factors in very elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods:A total of 2 912 ACS patients admitted to Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 1, 2010 to October 31, 2014 and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled and divided into two groups according to age: very elderly group (≥75 years, 480 cases) and control group (< 75 years, 2 432 cases). The clinical data and coronary artery lesions of the included patients were detected. Major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) occurred within 30 d after discharge were followed up and recorded. The short-term prognostic factors in very elderly patients with ACS were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:Compared with control group, the percentage of hypertension, global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, the left main lesion ratio and Gensini score in very elderly group were higher, while the percentage of men, number of smoking, hyperlipidemia proportion, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, blood platelet count, albumin, and long term oral administration of aspirin, clopidogrel, statins, angiotensin receptor inhibitor after discharge were lower, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01 or<0.05). During the follow-up period, the all-cause mortality in very elderly group was higher than that in control group: 2.5%(12/480) vs. 0.9% (21/2 432), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that oral angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor was a protective factor for elderly ACS patients after discharge ( OR = 0.046, 95% CI 0.006 to 0.383, P = 0.004). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that Gensini score ≥ 87.75 scores was a threshold value for all-cause mortality. The all-cause mortality ratio in high Gensini score (≥ 87.75 scores) group was higher than that in low Gensini score (<87.75 scores) group: 6.6% (9/137) vs. 0.9% (3/343), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Very elderly patients with ACS have their own characteristics from both clinical history and prognostic factors. Patients with Gensini score of ≥ 87.75 scores should be closely observed, and drug treatment during hospitalization should be intensified if necessary. Follow-up should be strengthened for such patients, and oral drug treatment should be continued after discharge.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of surgical treatment of the thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniations through the posterior far lateral approach,Methods From April 2005 to June 2010,24 consecutive patients with thoracic or thoracolumbar disc herniations were treated surgically,using the posterior far lateral approach.There were 15 males and 9 females with the mean age of 53.6 years old(range,25-69 years).The levels of herniated discs were located in T4-s,T5-6,T6-7 for 1 case,in T9-10 for 1 case,in T10-11 for 2 cases,in T10-11,T11-12,T12L1 for 1 case,in T11-12 for 3 eases,in T11-12,T12L1 for 3 cases,in T12L1 for 4 cases,in T12L1,L1-2 for 3 cases,and in L1-2 for 6 eases.There were one level disc herniation in 16 cases,two levels disc herniation in 6 cases and three levels disc herniation in 2 cases.16 out of 24 cases had "bony protrusions",including bony separation of the endplate,bony spur,disc calcification or OPLL.The average preoperative Cobb angle of localized kyphosis was 10.5°.According to the Frankel grading system,5 cases were classified as C,16 as D,and 3 as E,preoperatively.Results Average operation time was 3.5 h(2.0-4.5 h),and mean blood loss was 800 ml(300-4000 ml).Postoperative localized kyphosis was an average of 4.6°,with average correction rate of 56.2%.24 cases were followed up for 1 to 62 months,with an average of 18 months.According to Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)criteria system,there were 12 cases(50.0%)with excellent outcome,9 cases(37.5%)with good outcome,and 3 cases(12.5%)with fair outcome.The postoperative Frankel grading were C for 1 case,D for 2 cases,and E for 21 cases.There were no complications intraoperatively and postoperatively.The symptoms were improved in all patients.Conclusion By using "safe triangular zone" and dekyphosis stabilization,the posterior far lateral approach was a relatively safe,reliable,effective and better view surgical procedure for the treatment of the thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniations.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of thoracic laminectomy with dekyphosis for thoracic myelopathy due to multi-segmental ossification of the posterior ligaments.Methods The clinical data of five cases of thoracic myelopathy due to multi-segmental ossification of longitudinal ligaments who were surgically treated in our hospital between August 2012 and March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,among which two were male and the other three were female,with an average age of 52 (range,45-56) years old.The pre-operative duration ranged from 2 months to 6 years.All five cases were suffering from progressive bilateral partial paraplegia with an average preoperative JOA score 3.8 (range,3-6),an average segment-number of ossification of the posterior ligaments 7.6 (range,5-10),and also an average segment-number of 5.0 (range,2-10) ossification of the ligamentum flavum.All the five cases showed different kyphosis at the stenotic area of thoracic spine,with an average kyphotic angle (Cobb) of 35.8° (range,22°-56°).Their pre-operative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (JOA) was 3.8 averagely (range,3-6).Clinical features,operation time,blood loss,perioperative complications and postoperative outcome were recorded.Results The segment number of laminectomy of these five cases was 8.2 averagely.The segment number of dekyphosis was 2 for 2 cases and 1 for the other 3 cases,with a average dekyphotic degree of 7.8° (range,2°-15°).The average operation time was 6.3 hours (range,5.5-7.0 hours) and the average blood loss was 3900 ml.The perioperative complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 4 cases who were treated conservatively,and epidural hematoma in 1 case who underwent reoperation for removing the hematoma.All cases were followed up for 21 to 27 months,and their average final JOA score was 10,with an average recovery rate of 85.6％,and a rate of excellent or good was 100％ by the modified Epstein standard.Conclusion The result of thoracic laminectomy combined with dekyphosis for thoracic myelopathy due to multi-segmental ossification of longitudinal ligaments is quite satisfying,however this procedure is demanding with a long operation time,a huge blood loss and a high complication rate.

This study was aimed to analyze differences of chemical compounds of Ginseng and Radix Puerariae be-fore and after compatibility using HPLC. Hypersil ODS column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm) was adopted. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. The column tem-perature was 25℃. The flow rate was 1 mL/min. The results showed that through the study of all main peaks in the finger print spectra, there was no obvious influence on extract before and after compatibility of Ginseng and Radix Puerariae. It was concluded that there were no obvious chemical changes of Ginseng and Radix Puerariae before and after compatibility. The synergistic mechanism of compatibility might mainly come from the interaction between the pharmacological actions and the absorption or the metabolism of effective constituents of the medicinal plants.