Objective To investigate the relationship between uncertainty in illness and recovery quality. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from June to December 2015. The Chinese version Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale was used to assess uncertainty in illness of 168 patients with unconfirmed breast tumor undergoing general anesthesia. The following datarecovery time, time stay in postanesthesiacar unit, modified Observer′s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score etc were recorded. Results The breast tumor patients had a medium degree of illness uncertainty (81.11 ± 12.57) points. Educational background, marital status, family medical history, the severity of disease affect scores of illness uncertainty (P<0.05 or 0.01). Uncertainty in illnesswas negative correlated with recovery quality (P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions Uncertainty in illness of patients isrelated to recovery quality. Nursesshould instruct breast tumor patients to manage symptoms to decrease uncertainty in illness.

Objective To compare the adverse reactions of intranasal and intravenous dexmedetomidine on tracheal extubation during wake up of general anesthesia.Methods One hundred and twenty patients who ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ grade were divided into four groups (each 30 patients) by random digits table method.The patients in intravenous group were given 0.5 μ g/kg intravenous dexmedetomidine (diluted to 10 ml by 0.9％ sodium chloride,intravenous injection slowly,≥30 s).The patients in intranasal group 1 were given 0.5 μg/kg intranasal dexmedetomidine.The patients in intranasal group 2 were given 0.8 μg/kg intranasal dexmedetomidine.The patients in control group were given intravenous 0.9％ sodium chloride.The systolic blood pressure(SBP),mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),heart rate were compared among groups.Eyes open time and extubation time,the rate of cough and the degree during extubation were compared too.Results The SBP,MAP,heart rate in intravenous group,intranasal group 1 were significantly higher than those in basal state (P ＜ 0.05).The SBP,MAP,heart rate at different time in intranasal group 2 had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The SBP,MAP,heart rate before extubation and after extubation for 3 min in control group were significantly higher than those in intravenous group,intranasal group 1 and intranasal group 2 (P ＜ 0.05).Eyes open time and extubation time among four groups had no significant difference(P ＞0.05).The rate of cough,restlessness and 3 scores of degree before extubation in intravenous group,intranasal group 1 and intranasal group 2 were significandy lower than those in control group [43％ (13/30),50％(15/30),47％(14/30) vs.70％ (21/30); 17％(5/30),23％(7/30),20％(6/30) vs.43％(13/30);53％ (16/30),60％ (18/30),50％ (15/30) vs.80％ (24/30)] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Either intravenous or intranasal dexmedetomidine can effectively prevent the stress reaction during extubation,decrease the degree of restlessness and cough.Intranasal dexmedetomidine(0.8 μ g/kg) is more effective and safe.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after aesthesia, which may cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and even aspiration. Although anesthesia technology has made great progress, the incidence of PONV is still high. Non-pharmacological intervention is an important way to manage PONV, but it has not attracted enough attention. This paper reviews the adverse effects, risk prediction and severity assessment tools of PONV, and non-drug intervention methods, so that nurses can better understand the management status of PONV, and then provide reference for improving the management strategy of PONV.