Objective To explore the diagnosis ,treatment methods and clinical features of primary ureteral polyps.Methods Clinical data of 27 cases with primary ureteral polyps were analyzed retrospectively .The clinical features and treatment of this disease were analyzed .Results 7 cases were treated with polypectomy ,10 cases with basement fulguration by ureteroscopy operation or polyps-removing by ureter forceps ,4 cases with distal ureter resec-tion and termino-terminal anastomosis ,4 cases with lesions ureter resection and bilateral ureteric reimplantaion and 2 cases with nephrectomy due to nonfunctioning kidney .All cases were confirmed to be primary ureter polyp by pathology.All cases were followed up for 6-12 months with no recurrence and canceration ,only 1 case had ureteral stenosis.Conclusion Primary ureteral polyps is a benign disease with rare malignancy .The primary and effective treatment method is surgery which has few complications and good effect .

BACKGROUND:Intertrochanteric fracture showed shattered state of different degrees in the clinic. The medial cortex is often a lack of continuity. Indentation and lesser trochanter displacement often cause destruction of biomechanics of femoral calcar to different degrees. Under this condition, it is very important to perform detailed classification of fractures and to strictly master indication of dynamic hip screw. OBJECTIVE:To further analyze the reasons for failure of internal fixation with dynamic hip screw for intertrochanteric fracture. METHODS:Data of 82 patients with intertrochanteric fracture repaired by internal fixation with dynamic hip screw, who were treated at the Department of Orthopedics, Kangtai Branch of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from March 2004 to December 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. The reason for failure of internal fixation and prevention method were explored. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were fol owed up for 4-48 months. Time of fracture healing was 12-38 weeks. Fixation failure was found in 12 cases, with an incidence of 15%. Of 12 failure cases, 7 cases affected hip screw cutting out femoral head neck (including 1 case combined with avascular necrosis of the femoral head), 1 case suffered from compression screw slipping out of the tube, 3 cases experienced screw pul ing out and breaking, plate loosening, and 1 case affected steel plate breakage. There were 1 case of Evans II type (8%), 3 cases of type III (25%), 5 cases of type IV (42%), and 3 cases of type V (25%). Lesser trochanter was not completely reset in 5 cases (42%). There were tip-apex distance>25 mm in 7 cases (58%) and early weight loading (3 weeks after fixation) in 1 case (8%). These data confirmed that the selection of indications, the degree of stability after reduction, accuracy of implant position and postoperative unreasonable exercise wil cause fixation failure of dynamic hip screw. Preoperative careful and comprehensive analysis, intraoperative precise operation and postoperative reasonable functional exercise are the keys to ensure success of fixation.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and molecular phenotypes of gastric cancer with enteroblastic dif-ferentiation (GCED). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 337 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed by the pathology de-partment of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University in March 2013-2017 was conducted. Of them, 8 patients were diag-nosed with gastric carcinoma with intestinal blastocyte differentiation. All the patients were elderly, including 6 men and 2 women. The onset age was 68-83 years (mean 76.6 years). Two cases had serum AFP≥200 μg/L before treatment. According to the histopatho-logical morphology, the immunophenotype was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, the SALL4 gene was detected using reverse tran-scription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Microscopically, all cases had primi-tive enteroid structures, consisting of cubic or columnar cells with clear cytoplasm, and immunohistochemical staining showed positivi-ty for either AFP and GPC3 or SALL4. The expression of SALL4 mRNA was significantly increased by RT-PCR. Follow-up from 1 to 5 years showed that 5 patients had liver and other organ metastases, 2 patients died, and 1 patient survived without a tumor. Conclusions:GCED is a rare invasive gastric adenocarcinoma with a worse prognosis than that of normal intestinal adenocarcinoma. The treatment of general intestinal adenocarcinoma has little effect. There are some characteristic changes in histology. It would be helpful for diag-nosis and differential diagnosis if clinicians are familiar with the tumor spectrum and genetic characteristics. Target therapy for an origi-nal marker, such as SALL4, has a bright future.

The targeting of anti-tumor drugs is an important means of tumor treatment and reducing drug side effects. Oxygen-depleted hypoxic regions in the tumour, which oxygen consumption by rapidly proliferative tumour cells, are generally resistant to therapies. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are disparate array of microorganism united by the ability to biomineralize membrane-encased, single-magnetic-domain magnetic crystals (magnetosomes) of minerals magnetite or greigite. MTB by means of flagella, migrate along geomagnetic field lines and towards low oxygen concentrations. MTB have advantage of non-cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility, moreover magnetosomes (BMs) is more powerful than artificial magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs). This review has generally described the biological and physical properties of MTB and magnetosomes, More work deals with MTB which can be used to transport drug into tumor based on aerotactic sensing system as well as the competition of iron which is a key factor to proliferation of tumor. In addition, we summarized the research of magnetosomes, which be used as natural nanocarriers for chemotherapeutics, antibodies, vaccine DNA. Finally, We analyzed the problems faced in the tumor treatment using of MTB and bacterial magnetosomes and prospect development trends of this kind of therapy.
Bacteria ; Ferrosoferric Oxide ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Magnetics ; Magnetosomes ; Neoplasms/therapy*

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

The nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to have a high ability of liquid-liquid phase separation, which enables its incorporation into stress granules (SGs) of host cells. However, whether SG invasion by N protein occurs in the scenario of SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknow, neither do we know its consequence. Here, we used SARS-CoV-2 to infect mammalian cells and observed the incorporation of N protein into SGs, which resulted in markedly impaired self-disassembly but stimulated cell cellular clearance of SGs. NMR experiments further showed that N protein binds to the SG-related amyloid proteins via non-specific transient interactions, which not only expedites the phase transition of these proteins to aberrant amyloid aggregation in vitro, but also promotes the aggregation of FUS with ALS-associated P525L mutation in cells. In addition, we found that ACE2 is not necessary for the infection of SARS-CoV-2 to mammalian cells. Our work indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection can impair the disassembly of host SGs and promote the aggregation of SG-related amyloid proteins, which may lead to an increased risk of neurodegeneration.
Amyloidogenic Proteins/metabolism* ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics* ; Animals ; COVID-19 ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism* ; Mammals ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Stress Granules