Diffuse lower-grade glioma is a diversified group of infiltrative brain tumors comprising WHO grades II and III astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed oligoastrocytomas. These tumors exhibit a wide range of clinical heterogeneity;thus, histopathological classification does not adequately predict clinical outcomes. In recent years, a number of molecular markers closely related to the clini-cal features and prognosis of gliomas have been discovered. These molecular markers include isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) muta-tion, chromosome 1p/19q codeletion, ATRX mutation, TERT promoter mutation, and MGMT promoter methylation. Furthermore, nu-merous studies focusing on the integrated molecular classification of diffuse lower-grade gliomas combined with these molecular markers have been conducted. Results indicate that integrated molecular pathological classification can improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy and facilitate therapeutic formulation. This paper reviews the research progress on integrated molecular classifica-tion of diffuse lower-grade gliomas.

Objective:To explore the effects of survivin antisense RNA on apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cell Panc-1.Methods:survivin antisense RNA was transferred into pancreatic cancer cell Panc-1 by lipofection.The opposite livability on Panc-1 cell line were assayed with MTT test.Expression of survivin detected by RT-PCR.Apoptosis was detected by DNA gel electrophoresis.Results:survivin antisense RNA obviously inhibited the Panc-1 cell growth(P

Objective To establish a method for determination of lead in cosmetics. Methods Samples were digested. The lead content was detected by isochronous mercury-plating method with the condition of lead cation being enriched for 40 s at -1.20V(vs. SCE). Results The stripping potential peak of lead appeared at - 0. 20 V( vs. SCE) . The detection limit was 0.03 jug Pb. Six parallel determinations of a sample were done with the mean of 3.574mg/ kg and the relative standard deviation of 4. 1% . Recovery rates obtained by standard addition test ranged from 90% -100.5% . Conclusion The method is suitable for detecting lead in cosmetics.

Objective To establish a simple,rapid,accurate and practical method for determination of chloride in drinking water by chloride ion-selective electrode.Methods The chlorine ion-selective electrode was used as indicator electrode and type217saturated calomel electrode of the double salt bridge(the lower salt bridge was filled with a solution of0.1mol/L potassium nitrate)was used as reference electrode.The contents of chloride in water were calculated using the calibration curve method in the electrolyte containing0.1mol/L potassium nitrate.Results The linear range of the method was10 -5 -10 0 mol/L and the best lin ear range was10 -4 -10 -1 mol/L with r=0.9999and the slope=53.5?0.667.The detection limit,recovery rate and coefficient of variation(CV)were0.3545mg /L,94.2%-102.2%(mean98.1%)and2.8%respectively.The suitable pH for the determination of the method was2-10.In the solution containing3.545mg/L chloride,50times more BrO -3 ,NO -2 ,CH 3 COO - ,SO 42- ,F - ,CrO 42- and10times more CO 32- could not interfere with the detection,but Br - and I - were interfering factors.The re-sults obtained by the chlorine ion-selective electrode method and the national standard determination method showed no statistic differences.Conclusion The method was easy to operate,rapid,accurate and suitable for determination of chloride in water.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the Microbial limit test(MLT) for Danggui funing drop pills.METHODS:The recovery rates of 5 tested strains treated by Danggui funing drop pills were detected and the MLT method for the control bacteria was validated.RESULTS: Danggui funing drop pills exhibited strong inhibitory effect on staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis,but showed no effect on escherichia coli,candida albicans and aspergillus niger.CONCLUSION: By membrane-filter procedure,the antibacterial effect of Danggui funing drop pills can be eliminated and the bacterial count can be conducted;however,by routine method,the test of control bacteria is feasible.

The procedure of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has get significant achievement in recent years.Recent studies show that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for the treatment of unicompartmental osteoarthritis not only has quick rehabilitation,little injury,good post-operative functional outcome,effectiveness costs,but also preserves bone.The survival of UKA prostheses was about 95% at 10 years follow up.With strict patient selection,unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for the treatment of unicompartmental arthritis is preferable.

Objective To establish a method for determining the content of Naringin and Hesperidin in Zengshi Keli by HPLC. Methods The Kromasil C18 column with acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid (20∶80∶0.02) as the mobile phase was used. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the detective wavelength was 283 nm, the temperature of column is 35 ℃. Results The calibration curve were linear in the range of 0.178 5～0.892 5 ?g for Naringin and 0.073 68～0.368 4 ?g for Hesperidin (r=0.999 9) respectively. The average recovery was 97.24% (RSD=1.21%) and 96.95% (RSD=1.49%) respectively. Conclusion The method was simple, accurate, reproducible and can be used for quality control of Zengshi Keli.

Objective To establish a new method to analyze the position accuracy of multileaf collimator (MLC) in the dynamic mode.Methods The MLC test sequence was created in a field,where intentional leaf positional errors ranging from 0.1 to 1 mm per centimeter were introduced.In order to establish the relationship between the ion chamber readings and leaf position,whose slope indicated the leaf position error per centimeter,a two-dimensional ion chamber array was used to measure absorbed dose while leaves were moving at dose rates of 100,300 and 600 MU/min,respectively.For routine test,leaf position error was easily found via dose profile in y direction of the field created by dynamic leaves,where the position error could be quantitatively calculated as the slope of absorbed dose line of x direction of the same field.Results The error of 0.2 mm or more per centimeter was obviously shown through y dose profile.The calibration curve was linear at different dose rates.At 600 MU/min,a 0.1 mm leaf position error corresponded to a slope variation of 0.74％,and the differences between the tested errors and the introduced errors were within 0.1 mm.Conclusions The simple and reliable method is helpful to establish the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) quality control (QC) system.

BACKGROUND:At present, there stil remain controversies concerning the choice of tibial slope in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, and the related biomechanical studies are rare. OBJECTIVE:To find the rational tibial slope in mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty through the results of finite element analysis. METHODS:A finite element model of normal knee was established and validated using the techniques of three-dimensional reconstruction and finite element pre-processing. Then the finite element models of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with different tibial slopes were established based on the normal knee model. The finite element analyses were conducted after the boundary conditions and loads were unified. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The finite element models of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with different tibial slopes were established successfuly. The results of the finite element analyses indicated that the posteromedial tibial cortical and cancelous bone stress increased gradualy as the posterior slope increasing, as wel as the load distribution and the cartilage contact pressures of lateral compartment. The anteromedial tibial cortical stress increased significantly with the anterior slope. A posterior tibial slope of 0°-7° can be recommended when implanting a mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants and antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods Patients were divided into anticoagulant group (warfarin) and antithrombotie group (aspirin or clopidogrel) based on the initial treatment. The prothrombin time (PT), activated clotting time (ACT), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fihrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (TT), coagulation factor Ⅱ,Ⅴ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ, and Ⅹ,fibrin degradation product (FDP) and D-dimer were tested at baseline and after therapy in both groups. Results The average treatment period was 44.2±37.5 months in antithrombotic group and 39.0±61.5 months in anticoagulant group. There were six cases of isehemic stroke, one acute artery embolism in right lower limb and three gastrointestinal bleeding in antithrombotic group, while two gastrointestinal bleeding and two fatal hemorrhagic stroke in anticoagulant group. The results of PT, ACT, INR, APTT, FIB, TT, coagulation factor Ⅱ,Ⅴ ,Ⅶ, Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ,FDP and D-dimer had no significant differences compared with the baseline in antithrombotic group. However, there were significant increase in PT and INR [(8.4±7.5)s and (0. 93±0. 83)s, both P<0. 05)], and significant decrease in ACT, coagulation factor Ⅱ,Ⅶ, Ⅸ and Ⅹ (all P<0. 05) in anticoagulant group. Conclusions Anticoagulant therapy may he effective in prevention of ischemic stroke in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. However, it may slightly increase the hemorrhage incidence. The overall adverse events were not significantly reduced.