Objective To investigate the effect of cisplatin ototoxicity on apoptosis of spiral ganglion cells(SGC), and relation between signal transportation of Caspase-3 and apoptosis of SGC.Methods Forty guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups, and injected cisplatin (1, 2, 4 day group and control group). ABR and AERP (40 Hz Auditory Event Related Potentials) were tested every day after the injection, to find out the threshold changes of guinea pigs. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate(d-UTP) nick end labeling method (TUNEL), and immunohistochemistry method was used to detect Caspase-3 p20 segment of SCGs.Results It was observed that the more cisplatin injected, the worse hearing guinea pigs got, and the damnification of threshold on 8KHz was significantly higher than that on 1 kHz. At the same time, TUNEL staining and the expression of Caspase-3p20 segment rose up gradually, and significant difference was observed compared with control group ( P

Objective: To investigate the CE fingerprint of Salvia miltiorrhiza . Methods : Separation was performed on a 50?m?50cm uncoated capillary with 20mmol?L -1 borate solution as CE buffer. The run voltage was 15kV and the UV detection was set at 210nm. Results : Fingerprint consisted of 11 common peaks. The validation of methods meet the requirements for SDA's technical regulations. Conclusion : The method was accurate and simple for quality control of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Objective The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases is threatening the biological safety of donated blood in developing countries .This study was to analyze the prevalence of transfusion‐transmissible infectious related measures among first‐time ,voluntary blood donors from 1999 to 2013 in China .Methods From 1999 to 2013 ,all first‐time donors in the Xi′an Blood Service were screened for hepatitis B virus (HBV) ,hepatitis C virus (HCV) ,human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Trepone‐miapallidum (TP) and analyzed by trend test analysis .Results The positive rates of HBV ,HCV ,HIV ,and TP in the 415 657 blood donors were 1 .02% ,0 .55% ,0 .05% ,and 0 .46% ,respectively .The prevalence of HBV and HCV presented a decreased trend .Conclusion HBV infection is the primary threat to the blood safety ,while the increasing prevalence of TP and HIV might al‐so be a potential threat .

Objective To grope for an ideal immune strategy in grown-ups via comparison of immunological effects under 4 different vaccination schemes.Methods Study population was selected by stratified random cluster sampling.A total of 4 different vaccination proposals,including Strategy A (3 doses,10 μg,administrated repeatedly into the unilateral deltoid muscle at 0-1-6 months),Strategy B (2 doses,20 μg,administrated into the bilateral deltoid muscles simultaneously),Strategy C (3 doses,10 μ g,administrated repeatedly into the unilateral deltoid muscle at 0-1-2 months) and Strategy D (2 doses,10 μg,administrated to the bilateral deltoid muscles at the same time),were conducted in Liangzhou,Minqin Gulang,and the Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomic county respectively,in Wuwei city,Gansu province.Under 4 different strategies,post-vaccination immunological effectiveness was evaluated when blood samples of participants collected in the eighth months,post-first injection and in the third year,and tested by enzyme-linked immunoassays and electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay.Chi-squared test and Fisher exact test were used to evaluate the immumological differences between the 4 strategies.Wilcoxon's signed rank test and Kruskal-Waillis H test were conducted to compare the differences of the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of antibody against HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) titers.Results A total of 1 621 eligible participants aged 16 to 60 years old,were recruited for the study.Numbers of administration and gender were testified as the presuming factors for influencing immune effectiveness.The vaccination completion rates were 53.97％ and 79.82％ in Strategy A and C,respectively,and the difference statistically significant (P＜0.05).In the first year,the protective antibody sero-conversion rates (standardization rate) were 89.21％,54.88％,92.11％,and 41.63％,in Strategy A,B,C and D,respectively,and the significant statistically differences emerged (P＜0.05) if Strategy B,C and D were compared with Strategy A (as the gold standard).Over a 3-year follow-up period,the levels of GMTs on protective antibody declined from 179.2 IU/L,51.6 IU/L,277.1 IU/L and 10.1 IU/L to 61.3 IU/L,21.2 IU/L,31.8 IU/L and 6.0 IU/L in Strategy A,B,C and D,respectively,and the differences of declination on GMTs showed statistically significant differences (P＜0.05) when compared within or between the 4 strategies.Conclusion The 0-1-2 months' prophylactic schedules (Strategy C) seemed superior to the others,in terms of effectively inducing the protective antibody,with shorter duration of vaccination,persisting longer immunity and having higher rate of completive vaccination,so is worth to be recommended as a feasible immune programme for adults,especially for migrants from the rural regions.

Objective To perform a Meta-analysis on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive rates among general Chinese population aged 1-59 years.Methods We systemically reviewed the related data (January 2007 to August 2016) published from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),VIP,and PubMed.We also assessed the HBsAg-positive rates among general Chinese populations aged 1-59 years,using a random effects regression model with the comprehensive Meta-analysis software 2.2.Results A total of 46 papers were finally included,with a total sample size of 625 053 individuals.Results from the Meta-analysis showed that the overall combined HBsAg-positive rate was 5.7％ (95％CI:4.8％-6.6％) among general Chinese populations aged 1-59 years.When comparing the HBsAg-positive rates in different regions,data showed that the HBsAg-positive rate of was higher in the mid-western areas (6.3％,95％CI:4.9％-8.0％)than in the eastern areas (5.5％,95％CI:4.4％-6.8％).Results showed that HBsAg-positive rates was higher in males (6.1％,95％CI:5.3％-7.0％) than in females (4.8％,95％CI:4.2％-5.5％).As for the HBsAg-positive rates in different time periods,data showed positive rate of 6.3％ (95％CI:5.5％-7.2％)in 2007-2009,5.9％ (95％CI:4.4％-8.0％) in 2010-2012 and 3.5％ (95％CI:2.0％-6.1％) in 2013-2016,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was decreasing between 2007 and 2016 in China,making the country an intermediate endemic area on HBV.

Objective    To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and short-term effect of minimally invasive ascending aorta surgery through a right anterior thoracotomy via the second intercostal incision. Methods    The clinical data of 13 patients who underwent minimally invasive ascending aorta surgery (including minimally invasive Bentall operation in 7 patients, minimally invasive Wheat operation in 2 patients, and minimally invasive ascending aorta replacement in 4 patients) through a right anterior thoracotomy via the second intercostal incision in our center from October, 2019 to September, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 males and 1 female at age of 19-69 (52.4±13.7) years. Results    The aortic cross-clamping time was 84.3±18.3 min. Three patients received blood transfusion, with the rate of 23.1%. The drainage volume in the first 24 hours after operation was 214.5±146.3 mL, with no redo for bleeding. The duration of mechanical ventilation was 19.0±11.3 hours and the length of intensive care unit stay was 1.8±1.3 days. The drainage tube was removed 2.5±1.0 days after operation. All the 13 patients recovered and discharged 6.4±2.0 days after operation, with no dead patients found. All patients survived with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classⅠandⅡduring a median follow-up of 8 months. Conclusion    Minimally invasive ascending aorta surgery through a right anterior thoracotomy via the second intercostal incision may be a safe and effective method with less injury and quick recovery.