OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of curcumin on Aβ1-42 damaged cells. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were cultured with Aβ1-4210μmol · L-1 in the absence or presence of curcumin 1, 5 or 10 μmol · L-1. Cell viability was assayed by MTT. Cell membrane damage was detected by the concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry with Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was characterized by fluorescence of JC-1 dye. Enzymatic activity of caspases-9 and-3 was measured by colorimetric assay. Protein expression of caspase-3 was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with vehicle control, the cell viability, concentration of LDH and both early and late apoptosis in Aβ1-4210 μmol · L-1 damaged group were decreased(P<0.01). However, the cell viability, release of LDH and both early and late apoptosis in curcumin group were promoted compared with that in Aβ1-4210μmol·L-1 damaged group. Curcumin inhibited Aβ1-42-induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.01), and attenuated Aβ1-42-induced activation of both caspases9 and caspases3 in a concentration-dependent manner, respectively(r=0.990, P<0.01; r=0.996, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the above detected indexes between curcumin 10 μmol · L-1 group and vehicle control group. CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibits Aβ1-42-induced cell damage and apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial membrane potential and depressing the activation of caspases.

Objective:This study was conducted to investigate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric cancer in Wuwei ar-ea of Gansu province (China) and the roles of miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 in EBV-associated gastric carcinomas (EBVaGC). Meth-ods:Tissue microarray technique, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization were performed to detect the expression of EBV-en-coded small RNAs (EBERs), miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2, in gastric cancer tissues (n=120) and the corresponding adjacent tissues (n=120). Results:The positive rate of EBV was 10.0% in 120 cases of gastric cancer tissues. EBVaGC was not significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and developed most often in the cardia and body (P<0.05). The differences in the positive rates of miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 in 120 cases of gastric cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were significant (P<0.05). The differences in the positive rates of miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 in 12 cases of EBVaGC and in 108 cases of EBV-negative gastric can-cer (EBVnGC) tissues were significant (P<0.05). The infection of EBV in gastric cancer tissues was positively related to miR-101 ex-pression. By contrast, miR-101 expression was negatively related to lymph node metastasis and expression of COX-2 and EZH2 in EB-VaGC tissues (P<0.05). Conclusion:EBV infection was related to gastric cancer in Wuwei area of Gansu province. EBVaGC and EB-VnGC have significant differences in lymph node metastasis and in the location of cancer. MiR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 were related to the development of EBVaGC.

We used the method of partial penectomy combined with penis lengthening to treat 2 cases of penile cancer. The penile lengths were lengthened by 3-4 cm. This method could retain the penis and sexual function to the maximum degree. And a few patients could avoid total penectomy and micturate on their feet. This operation is very simple and safe, with no complication.
Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penile Neoplasms ; surgery ; Penis ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-P) in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Fifty-six over 65 years old patients with advanced NSCLC treated with Nab-P monotherapy in department of chemotherapy of the People's Hospital of Zhongshan City from January 2014 to January 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The chemotherapy regimen was Nab-P 260 mg/m2, on d1 or d1 + d8, every 21 day for a cycle, imaging examination was made for efficacy evaluation after every 2 cycles. Results All 56 patients had been evaluated for efficacy, and received a total of 186 cycles of chemotherapy. All patients had been completed 2 cycles or more than 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the median number of chemotherapy cycles was 3. The treatment response rate (RR) was 25.0 ％ and the disease control rate (DCR) was 76.8 ％. The median progression free survival (PFS) time was 4.7 months. The main adverse reactions were neutropenia, nausea and vomiting, fatigue and peripheral nerve toxicity. However, the vast majorities of adverse reactions were grade 1-2, and can be improved after treatment. Conclusions Nab-P is effective in the treatment of advanced NSCLC in elderly patients. The adverse reactions are mild and tolerant, and it is worthy to be popularized.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, apoptotic cell death caused by massive lipid peroxidation-mediated cell membrane damage. Recent evidence suggests that exosomes, as a 30-100 nm diameter follicular body, contain a variety of active ingredients such as proteins, various RNAs and lipids that can have a great impact on the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases by regulating cellular iron death. To this end, this paper elaborates the research significance of exosomes in the regulation of cell ferroptosis, analyzes their role in disease treatment, and reviews the relevant reports and studies on exosomes regulating cell ferroptosis in recent years.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive and systematic review of the efficacy and safety of Wenxin Keli (WXKL) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) . Methods: Seven databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web ofScience, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP and SinoMed) were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inceptions to 1 October, 2018. Two review authors independently assessed the methodological quality andanalyzed data by Cochrane handbook and the Rev Man 5.3 software. Begg.s test was conducted to assess publication biasvia Stata 14 software. Results: Twenty-four RCTs with 2246 patients were included in this review. Compared with blankcontrol, placebo or western medicine alone, WXKL alone or combined with western medicine could effectively reducerapid ventricular rate (MD=-7.14, 95％CI:-8.42——5.87), the frequency and duration of AF. It could also shorten thesinus rhythm conversion time (MD=-3.04, 95％CI:-3.47——2.61), increase the sinus rhythm conversion rate (RR=1.19, 95％ CI: 1.09～1.29) and decrease recurrence rate of AF (RR=0.28, 95％ CI: 0.13-0.59) . Besides, WXKL alone orcombined with western medicine was beneficial for improving the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MD=3.44, 95％ CI: 0.87-6.01), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (MD=-2.47, 95％ CI:-2.86——2.08), left atrialdiameter (LAd) (MD=-0.91, 95％CI:-1.58——0.25) and P wave dispersion (Pd) (MD=-4.04, 95％CI:-4.15——3.93) .WXKL combined with low-dose amiodarone was superior to conventional-dose amiodarone alone in improving themaximum P wave (Pmax) (MD=-8.25, 95％ CI:-10.33——6.17), and WXKL combined with conventional-doseamiodarone is more effective (MD=-13.10, 95％CI:-13.65——12.55) . Compared with the control group, the treatmentgroup had fewer adverse reactions, and the Begg.s test did not find any publication bias. Conclusion: WXKL alone orcombined with western medicine exhibited better therapeutic effects in the treatment of AF, but these results still needhigh-quality evidence to verify.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted pathogens. It can cause a variety of diseases such as condyloma acuminatum, anal cancer, penile cancer and oropharyngeal cancer in men, resulting in a high disease burden. With the development of society, the application of HPV vaccines in males has attracted more attention. Currently, there are many clinical trials and real-world research results of HPV vaccines applied to boys and men worldwide, and many countries have introduced HPV vaccination for underage boys into their national immunization programs. This article intended to review the research progress in the efficacy of HPV vaccines in male population.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor activated by bile acid that is involved in regulating gene expression related to bile acid, fat, glucose, and amino acid metabolism. The activity of FXR is regulated by a variety of post-translational modifications. Common post-translational modifications of FXR include O-GlcNAcylation, phosphorylation, acetylation, sumoylation, methylation, etc. These post-translational modifications may affect FXR binding of DNA and ligand, heterodimerization, and subcellular localization, and may specifically regulate downstream gene transcription and expression. Different post-translational modifications can lead to changes in FXR stability and biological function, which are closely related to the occurrence of diseases. This paper aims to review the post-translational modification of FXR in the past five years and the mechanisms involved in disease regulation, to explore the effects of post-translational modification on the physiological function of FXR and to provide a theoretical basis for mechanism research targeting FXR.

【Objective】 To explore the safety and efficacy of a modified one-piece posterior laparoscopic total nephroureterectomy with cystic sleeve resection in the treatment of upper urinary tract uroepithelial carcinoma (UTUC). 【Methods】 A total of 24 patients treated during Jan. and Jun. 2022 were involved, including 16 males and 8 females, aged 62 to 90 (average 73) years. The UTUC was in the left side in 15 cases, and in the right side in 9 cases. There were 10 cases of renal pelvis tumor, 6 cases of upper ureteral tumor and 8 cases of lower ureteral tumor. 【Results】 All operations were successful without conversion to open surgery. The operation time ranged from 60 to 100 minutes, average (71.25±9.80) minutes. The intraoperative bleeding volume was 20 to 200 mL, average (30.03±8.13) mL. No significant intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The postoperative hospital stay was 4 to 7 days, average (5.83±1.44) days. Bladder perfusion chemotherapy was performed after surgery. 【Conclusion】 The modified one-piece posterior laparoscopic total nephroureterectomy plus cystic sleeve resection for UTUC is an effective and feasible procedure with satisfactory tumor control, which is worth further promotion in clinical practice.

【Objective】 To investigate the efficacy and safety of single position transabdominal and extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy in the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). 【Methods】 Clinical data of 31 UTUC cases treated in our hospital during Nov.2018 and Jun.2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 11 tumors in the right side, and 20 in left side. There were 14 cases of renal pelvic carcinoma, 16 cases of ureter carcinoma, and 1 case of renal pelvic carcinoma plus ureter carcinoma. 【Results】 All surgeries were successfully performed without conversion to open surgery. The mean operation time was (81.45±19.80) min, and the estimated blood loss was (69.03±24.13) mL. No serious perioperative complications were observed. The average postoperative hospital stay was (6.13±2.44) d, and the median follow-up was 28 (3.0-49.0) months. At the last follow-up, 2 patients died, 3 had recurrence, but no contralateral recurrence was observed. 【Conclusion】 Single position transabdominal and extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy is safe, effective and feasible in the treatment of UTUC. It is worth clinical popularization.