Objective To observe the change of vascular endothelial cells and structure of the auricular posterior vein caused by freezing or pingyangmycin injection alone and freezing in combination with pingyangmycin injection,to investigate the effect of these treatments on the vein. Methods Eighteen rabbits were divided into 3 groups of 6 each, and another rabbit was used as a control. (Pingyangmycin) was injected into the auricular posterior vein in the first group, spray freezing within 20 seconds on the auricular posterior vein was performed in the second group,and freezing in combination with pingyangmycin injection was performed in the third group. Light microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the change of auricular posterior vein in the rabbits.Results Proliferation of endothelial cells,and thickening of vessel wall were induced by pingyangmycin. Thrombus formation, tissue oedema and inflammatory infiltration induced by spray freezing within 20 seconds were reversible. Thrombus formation, proliferation of endothelial cells and thickening of the vessel wall was induced by freezing in combination with pingyangmycin injection.Conclusion Freezing and pingyangmycin injection have the synergistic effect, resulting in the proliferation of endothelial cells, thrombus formation, thickening of vessel wall, and even occlusion of vessels.

Surface lubricity is one of the important performance criteria for interventional guide wire. In this paper, a review of the methods of surface hydrophilicity and lubrication modification of interventional guide wire is presented, including their fundamental principles, effects and some relative applications. These methods all have their own advantages and disadvantages, therefore, limitations of experimental conditions need to be taken into account.
Catheterization ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Lubrication

Objective To study the effects of Valsartan on oxidative stress in brain tissue of diabetic rats.Methods Diabetic Wistar rats were induced by streptozotocin(STZ) and were randomly divided into diabetic group and Valsartan treatment group.In Valsartan treatment group,the rarts received Valsartan 40 mg/(kg?d) for 12 weeks by intragastric administration.Then blood glucose and body weight were measured.The cognition ability of rats was assayed with Morris water maze test.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),maleic dialdehyde(MDA) and hydroxy radical(OH-) were detected by chromatometry.Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of NADPH oxidase p47phox mRNA.Results(1) Compared with normal control group,the body weight in diabetic group and Valsartan treatment group decreased significantly(both P

Prostate cancer is the most prevalent malignancies in elderly men. At present, gene therapy is the most po-tential treatment for late-stage prostate cancer. However, virus vector or nonvirus vector are less safety, weaker targeting function and higher immunogenic. Ultrasound microcapsular contrast agent as a drug transporter is a new type of disease tar-geted treatment strategies. It has provided a high-targeted, an effective and a safety gene therapy for prostate cancer, and brings a new hope for late-stage prostate cancer patients. This article aims to summarize the recent progress in using the mi-crobubble technology in prostate cancer.

0.05).Conclusion Neither rs2735343 nor rs701848 of the PTEN gene is not associated with gastric carcinoma,they may not be susceptibility loci for gastric carcinoma in Northern Han Chinese.

Studying the essence of syndromes (Zheng) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a fundamental challenge in basic theoretical research of TCM. The relationship between any given syndrome and biochemical indicators is one of the important aspects of the study. As the indexes selected in each study are specific to a particular Western medical disease diagnosis, and the disease factor is inevitably introduced into the study, the effect of disease factor on the index changes cannot be assessed effectively by traditional data processing methods. This is known as "the same syndrome with different reasons", which has resulted in confusion in TCM research. This study aimed at providing a mathematical tool to address this issue. Based on information theory and the residual-split method, the syndrome information, which was covered in the index variation, was quantitatively calculated in this paper as an independent part of the disease factor. A mathematical model capable of objectively assessing and statistically testing the effect of the syndrome factor on the index changes was established. Applying this model to literature data of studies on the relationship between cyclic nucleotides and yang-deficiency syndrome showed following results. First, the values of yang-deficiency syndrome information were negative for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) while positive for cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in all included literature. This indicated that the group of yang-deficiency syndrome was correlated with an obvious trend of reduced cAMP levels and increased cGMP levels. Second, the statistical test results of yang-deficiency syndrome information of the two indexes were different among the literature included. The quality of original data was considered as a possible reason. Third, the significant differences between the yang-deficiency group of a specific disease and the normal group may, in some cases, be caused by a disease factor rather than a syndrome factor. The mathematical model provided a reasonable mathematical tool for the analysis of disease factor and syndrome factor in clinical research of TCM, suggesting that the mathematical model may give rise to innovative ideas and methods in the study of syndromes.

Imaging of trace metal distribution in the cadmium ( Cd) hyperaccumulator Indian mustard by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ( LA-ICP-MS ) was typically performed using spatial resolutions of 25 μm. Indian Mustard was submitted to 50 mol/L Cd for 14 days exposure and analysed using Nd:YAG laser (213 nm) . Intensities of 13 C, 34 S, 39 K, 44 Ca, 66 Zn, 111 Cd, 65 Cu and 31 P were measured by ICP-MS to study elemental distribution. Preferential Cd accumulation in vascular bundles was observed in stem tissue, whereas Cd was mainly localized to the mesophyll and vascular cells. The high relationship between Ca and Cd distribution indicated that the two elements had a very similar pathway. In vivo analytical method developed in this work was useful to study spatial element distribution across stem samples and had great potential for applications in other areas of plant pathology research.

Objective To study the efficacy of CPT-11 TACE in the treatment of unresectable HCC.Methods A retrospective review was undertaken on unresectable HCC patients receiving doxorubicin transarterial chemoembolization (59 cases) and irinotecan(CPT-11) in 24 cases from May 2003 to November 2011.Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier statistics.Differences in survival between the two groups were assessed for statistical significance with the log-rank test.Results Overall survival time was significantly longer in patients treated with CPT-11 compared with doxorubicin treated group (21.7 vs 14.5 months,P =0.042).There was no significant difference in time to progression between the two groups,but time to progression was longer in CPT-11 group than doxorubicin treated group (11.42 vs 9.46 months,P =0.091).Subgroup analysis showed that for intermediate-stage HCC,CPT-11 resulted in a significantly longer time to progression and overall survival compared with doxorubicin treated group (P =0.029 and P =0.014,respectively).There were no significant differences in adverse events among the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Chemotherapeutic agent CPT-11 in the form of TACE significantly improved overall survival when compared with doxorubicin for the treatment of unresectable HCC.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer who were previously treated with PTCD.Methods From September 2005 to December 2012,47 unresectable pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice were enrolled in this study.They were divided into two groups.21 patients received after PTCD chemotherapy or radiation,or chemoradiotherapy.26 patients in support care group received only nutrition,analgesia and other related support treatment.Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier statistics.Differences in survival between the groups were assessed for statistical significance with the log-rank test.Results The median overall survival time of patients after PTCD was 7.19 months.The median overall survival time of chemoradiation group was 9.07 months,which was higher than that of support care group (5.52 months),P=0.017.12 patients received single therapy (either chemo or radiation),and 9 patients received chemoradiotherapy.The median overall survival times were 8.31 months and 11.15 months,respectively (P =0.325).Conclusions Post PTCD chemoradiotherapy helps prolong the survival time in unresectable pancreatic cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of mineral dust-induced gene(MDIG) in malignant pleural effusions (MPE) and tuberculosis pleural effusions (TBPE).Methods Fifty-four patients with MPE (MPE group) and 50 patients with TBPE (TBPE group) were collected.The MDIG protein was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the relative quantification of MDIG mRNA was measured by real-time quantitation polymerase chain reaction.The cutoff value,sensitivity and specificity of the MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA to diagnose the MPE were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.By Spearman correlation analysis,the correlation of MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA was evaluated.Results The MDIG protein in MPE group was significantly higher than that in TBPE group [(304.38 ± 228.47) ng/L vs.(44.43 ± 40.57) ng/L],and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).The MDIG mRNA in MPE group was significantly higher than that in TBPE group (6.27 ± 3.54 vs.1.82 ± 0.64),and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).With a cutoff point of 114.23 ng/L,MDIG protein had a sensitivity of 77.8％ and a specificity of 94.0％ for differential diagnosis.With a cutoff point of 2.75,MDIG mRNA had a sensitivity of 88.9％ and a specificity of 92.0％ for differential diagnosis.There was a positive correction between MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA (r =0.915,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA are highly expressed in MPE with a good sensitivity and specificity.MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA maybe a good clinical indicator in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions.