OBJECTIVE To investigate the degree of risk of viral prevalence of HBV,HCV and HIV through blood transfusion in Beijing Hospital in China,and to assess the need of a national Haemovigilance System. METHODS Retrospectively,7883 blood bank specimens (collected from 2004 to 2007) were re-examined using 8 indicators (including 5-item Hepatitis B,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and Syphilis) for the prevalence of most common viral infection. RESULTS From the blood bank specimens,the prevalence of HBsAg was 0.88% (69),the anti-HBc positive blood,only the anti-HBc was found in 2.65% of the specimens,while both the anti-HBc and the anti-HBe were found in 2.09% of the specimens. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 0.09% (7). CONCLUSIONS We need to establish the national Haemovigilance System to strengthen the monitoring of the above HbsAg,HBcAb and HCV indicators to prevent the transfusion-transmitted infection. Only in this way can the public confidence in blood safety be improved.

For engineering an efficient butanol-producing Escherichia coli strain, many efforts have been paid on the known genes or pathways based on current knowledge. However, many genes in the genome could also contribute to butanol production in an unexpected way. In this work, we used Tn5 transposon to construct a mutant library including 1 196 strains in a previously engineered butanol-producing E. coli strain. To screen the strains with improved titer of butanol production, we developed a high-throughput method for pyruvate detection based on dinitrophenylhydrazine reaction using 96-well microplate reader, because pyruvate is the precursor of butanol and its concentration is inversely correlated with butanol in the fermentation broth. Using this method, we successfully screened three mutants with increased butanol titer. The insertion sites of Tn5 transposon was in the ORFs of pykA, tdk, and cadC by inverse PCR and sequencing. These found genes would be efficient targets for further strain improvement. And the genome scanning strategy described here will be helpful for other microbial cell factory construction.
Butanols ; chemistry ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Gene Library ; Hydrazines ; Industrial Microbiology ; Mutagenesis ; Open Reading Frames ; Organisms, Genetically Modified ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pyruvic Acid ; chemistry

The template-independent teminal transferase activity of Taq DNA polymerase results in an overhanging dA at the 3′end of its PCR products. The pGEMX vector constructed in this experiment forms a single overhanging dT at its 3′end as the result of cleavage with Xcm I restriction enzyme. This vector is very efficient for direct cloning of PCR product obtained by using Taq DNA polymerase.Recombinant colonies can be selected by Blue/white screening. Moreover,insertion fragment can be easily released from the vector simply with either BamH I or Hind III digestion.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with septic arthritis.Methods Twelve SLE patients with septic arthritis admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1990 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The median duration from onset of SLE to septic arthritis was 8.5 months (ranged from 1 to 120 months).All patients had received higher doses of steroid therapy (equal to prednisolone 1 mg ·kg-1 ·d-1) and immunosuppressant,and 5 of them had received methylprednisolone pulse therapy.The infectious manifestations included joint pain (all cases),swelling (5 cases),reduced joint function (8 cases) and fever (10 cases).All patients were oligo-arthritis.The hip and knee joints were most commonly involved.Three patients were infected by Salmonella,4 patients were infected by S.aureus,and 3 patients were infected by tuber culosis.Conclusion When SLE patients with long term steroid and immunosuppressant therapy developedacute joint pain and swelling,septic arthritis should be considered.Synovial fluid Gram stain,culture,blood culture and arthroscopy should be performed promptly.Appropriate antibiotics should be administered,and early treatment can improve the outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influences of staphylococcus aureus in planktonic and biofilm forms on the expression of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 in the human sinonasal explant model. METHOD: Mucosa samples from ethmoid sinus were collected from ten patients of cerebrospinal fluid leak and were cultured with and without S. aureus biofilms and planktonic cells. After the infection, the explant model was confirmed by CLSM, and the secretion of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 8, 16, and 24 h after S. aureus challenge. Expressions of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 in mRNA and protein levels after 24 h S. aureus challenge were detected using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western bolt assay respectively. RESULT: The secretion of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 in the explant model was observed with a trend to increase in a time-dependent manner. At 8 and 16 h after S. aureus challenge, the secretion of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 in biofilms group was significantly higher than these in planktonic cells group and control group (P<0. 05). S. aureus biofilms enhanced the mRNA expressions of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 significantly compared with planktonic cells and controls, and the mRNA expressions in the explant model challenged by planktonic cells were significantly higher than controls (P < 0.05). Although the Western bolt assay showed no differences between the lysozyme expression in the planktonic cells group and control group (P > 0.05), the biofilms enhanced the expressions of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 significantly compared with planktonic cells and controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION S. aureus biofilm induced the expressions of lysozyme, SLPI and gp340 to a higher level than planktonic cells, indicating that S. aureus biofilm was an influencing factor on the innate immune system.
Biofilms ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Ethmoid Sinus ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Muramidase ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor ; metabolism ; Staphylococcal Infections ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques

AIM: To explore the effect of berbamine(BER) on apoptosis in K562 cells and its possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry while electron microscopy and DNA electrophoresis were used to evaluate the characteristic changes of apoptosis, RT-PCR and Western blot were used to examine the expression levels of apoptosis related gene bcr/abl and BCR/ABL protein. RESULTS: By FCM, the apoptosis rate of K562 cells treated with 8.0 mg/L BER for 24 h and 72 h increased from (29.20?3.82)% to (61.77?4.35)% (P

Based on the subject classification of biomedical engineering in military hospital,the development modes of the discipline are discussed in this paper.

Objective To investigate the effects of anticholinergic antidote and rhodosin on the brain injury induced by soman intoxication combined with hypobaric hypoxia in rats. Methods A total of 72 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: hypoxia control (HC), hypoxia plus soman (HS), hypoxia plus soman plus anticholinergic antidote (HSAA), and hypoxia plus soman plus anticholinergic antidote plus rhodosin (HSAAR). The animals after soman intoxication (72 ?g/kg) were placed in a hypobaric (62 kPa) apparatus for hypoxic exposure for 48 h. Rats were sacrificed for brain tissue detachment at the time points of 12, 24, and 48 h. Evans blue (EB) content and PLA 2 activity were detected biochemically. CaM concentration was determined by radioimmuno assay. Results Compared with the rats in HC, soman induced significant increases of brain EB, PLA 2, and CaM at 12, 24, and 48 h in HS. Elevated EB, PLA 2, and CaM induced by hypoxia and soman intoxication in rats in group HSAA were obviously attenuated by anticholinergic antidote. More significant decreases of brain EB, PLA 2, and CaM were found in rats in group HSAA. Conclusion Both anticholinergic antidote and anticholinergic antidote plus rhodosin have the preventive effect on rat brain damage induced by soman intoxication combined with hypoxia.

Objective To investigate the effect of physical training on plasma N-terminal pro-brain natri- uretic peptide(NT-proBNP)levels in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods Eighty NYHAⅡ-ⅢCHF patients were randomly divided into a training group(n=42)and a control group(n=38).A 6-minute walk- ing test was performed within 24 hours after the patients were admitted.The 6-minute walking distance and plasma NT-proBNP levels were determined before and after 8 weeks of programmed physical training.The patients of both groups were treated with routine drugs for heart failure.6-minute walk training was only performed in the training group twice a day for 8 weeks.Results Physical training could significantly reduce plasma NT-proBNP levels and improve performance on the 6-minute walking test.Conclusions Physical training could significantly reduce plas- ma NT-proBNP levels and improve the motor function of patients with CHF,and could be helpful in delaying the de- velopment of CHF.

BackgroundThe morphological examination of macular disease is very important information for the early diagnosis.Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is a gold criteria in the diagnosis of macular diseases,but its clinical application is limited in the eyes with refractive medium opacity.The resolution ratio of conventional B-scan sonography is unsatisfactory.20 MHz B-scan sonography may be a new approach to maculopathy.ObjectiveThis study was to evaluate the clinical value of 20 MHz B-scan ultrasound by comparing morphological changes of different maculopathies observed by 20 MHz ultrasound and spectral-domain OCT.MethodsA prospective study was designed.51 eyes of 51 patients with macular diseases who were determined by Tianjin Medical University Eye Center were enrolled in this study.Spectral-domain OCT was used to image the macular area,and then the 20 MHz B-scan ultrasound was used to examine the same eye to assess the value of 20 MHz B-scan ultrasound diagnosis.The macular diseases were typed according to the OCT manifestation.The characteristics of 20 MHz ultrasound for the same maculopathy were analyzed.All the patients subscribe the informed consent before the study.ResultsIn 10 eyes with macular hole determined by spectral-domain OCT,shallow dome-shaped lesion with central hollow was exhibited on the ultrasound image.The macular edema,retinal neuroepithelium layer detachment and retinoschisis were found in 16 eyes,6 eyes and 4 eyes by spectral-domain OCT,but the 20 M Hz B-Scan ultrasound presented with the focal belt-shaped elevation with non-echo zone below.In contrast,in 15 eyes of retinal pigment epithelium detachment in OCT,spectral-domain OCT showed stronger and thicker belt-shaped echo.Conclusions20 MHz B-scan ultrasound has certain value in the diagnosis and differentiation for several common maculopathies.Although it is not accurate as OCT in recognizing diseases,it could play an important role in refractive media opacity eye.