Objective To select 15 short tandem repeat(STR) loci that are highly and steadily polymorphic,and study the genetic relationships between Luoba ethnic group,Tibetan living in Lassa and Changdu area,and other Asian populations by using 15 STR polymorphism.Methods The blood samples of unrelated individuals from Luoba ethnic group,Lassa Tibetan and Changdu Tibetan were collected.DNA templates were screened using AmpF/ STR Identifiler kit and ABI3100Avant DNA analyzer with Genescan and Genotype software.The STR data of Luoba,Lassa Tibetan,Changdu Tibetan,other 21 Chinese ethnic groups and six Asian populations were compared;phylogenesis tree was constructed;the genetic relationships among ethnic groups living in Tibet and other Asian populations were analysed.Results Eight Hans clustered,and five ethnic groups of Guangxi clustered firstly;then the two clustered with Luoba,and two groups of Tibetan secondly;and then clustered with other Chinese populations,and then the Chinese groups clustered with other six Asian populations and Chinese Uygur lastly.Conclusion The results of this study are basically consistent with geographic distribution,and histories of these ethnic groups.They can provide the genetic proofs for the origin,migration,formation and development of ethnic groups living in Tibet.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tubastatin A Hcl,a selective HDAC6 inhibitor,on the development of chronic asthmatic mice with airway inflammation,airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. Methods BALB/C mice were randomly divided into control group, asthma group,dexamethasone group and Tubastatin A Hcl group. The airway resistance,total cells and different cells in BALF,IL?4,IL?5,TGF?β1 were detected by ELISA. HE、AB?PAS and Masson trichrome staining were carried out to assess the airway inflammation and remodeling. Immuno?histochemical staining and western blotting were adopted to determine the expression ofα?SMA and TGF?β1. Results After drugs treatment,air?way resistance decreased,and levels of IL?4,IL?5,TGF?β1,total inflammatory cells and eosinophils in BALF were relieved. Meanwhile,inflamma?tory cells infiltration,goblet cells metaplasia and collagen deposition in lung tissue were also reduced,but all of above the effects of dexamethasone were better than Tubastatin A Hcl. The expression ofα?SMA and TGF?β1 in the lung tissue decreased significantly after treatment ,in which Tu?bastatin A Hcl were slightly better than dexamethasone treatment. Conclusion Tubastatin A Hcl can effectively relieve airway inflammation ,air?way remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness in chronic asthmatic mice ,but its effect of anti?inflammatory is worse than dexamethasone treat?ment,while it is better than dexamethasone in the effect of relief airway remodeling.

Objective To study the effects of environmental exposure to rare earth elements REEs on intelligence of children. Methods Intelligence quotient IQ were examined with Drawing a Man Test in 464 children aged 7-10 years living in RE ore containing area and the control area in Xunwu country Jiangxi province China. Fifteen kinds of REEs in 112 blood samples 69 samples from RE ore area and 43 samples from the control area  were detected by inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry ICP-MS. Results All 15 kinds of REEs were detected in each sample the content of blood REEs of the children in the rare earth area 2.18?1.08 ng/g was 1.73 times of that of the children in the control area 1.26?0.35 ng/g the difference was significant P

Aim To observe effects of Seabuckthorn fatty acids on old rat ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 and fas,then discuss the adjustive effect of Seabuckthorn fatty acids on ovarian function of menopause.Methods 22 months old rats were randomly divided into 5 groups,estrogen control group,old control group,Seabuckthorn fatty acids group of high dose,middle dose and low dose.In addition,one young control group was made up of 3 months old rats.Rat ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL.The expression of protein bcl-2 and protein fas were detected by immunohistochemistry,and bcl-2 mRNA and fas mRNA by in situ hybridization(ISH).Grey analyse was done using Q550CW image analyse system.Results Compared with the old rats control group,Seabuckthorn fatty acids of high dose,middle dose and low dose can differently restrain rat ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis,enhance the expression of protein bcl-2 and bcl-2 mRNA,weakened the expression of protein fas and fas mRNA.Conclusion Seabuckthorn fatty acids restrains ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis through adjusting the expression of bcl-2 and fas.Sequentially,it adjusts estrogen level and treats menopause syndrome.

This paper focuses on the quality risk control and management of Chinese medicine (CM) injections. The most important technological requirements are analyzed, and a strategy for integrated pharmacology to study CM mechanism is proposed. A key technology system for quality risk control and management was further constructed. The strategy and technology system was finally applied to Shengmai injection for quality risk control and management.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Injections ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Quality Control ; Risk ; Technology

Objective To investigate the effect of α-galactosidase A (GLA) gene mutation on cell autophagy and to elucidate its mechanism preliminarily.Methods Two families were diagnosed by ultrastructural pathological examination,GLA gene activity test and GLA gene mutation screening.Mutant type recombinant expression plasmid of two pedigrees (pcDNA3.1-GFP-ex1 (EX1 group),pcDNA3.1-GFP-ex3 (EX3 group)) and wild type recombinant expression plasmid of GLA (pcDNA3.1-GFP-GLA,GLA group) were constructed.Hela cell line (control group) was transiently transfected with recombinant expression plasmid according to lipofectin transfection.The relative gene expression of Beclin-1 was measured with real-time PCR,and protein expression level of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,Beclin-1 and P62/SQSTM1 was examined by Western blotting.Results The LC3 protein values of groups EX1,EX3,GLA and control were 1.495 ± 0.064,1.490 ± 0.020,1.285 ± 0.021,1.260 ± 0.042,respectively;P62/ SQSTM1 values were 0.555 ± 0.086,0.480 ± 0.084,0.785 ± 0.439,0.980 ± 0.278,respectively;Beclin-1 mRNA 2-△Ct values were 0.011 ±0.003,0.008 ±0.002,0.005 ±0.001,0.003 ±0.001,respectively;Beclin-1 protein values were 1.178 ±0.098,1.209 ±0.092,0.931 ±0.100,0.796 ±0.184,respectively.Compared with the wide type group,the level of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein was significantly higher in the mutant type groups(t =5.118,4.984;P =0.007,0.008),though no statistically significant difference was found in the expression levels of P62/SQSTM1 (t =1.052,1.400;P =0.323,0.199).Besides,the expression levels of Beclin-1 mRNA (t =3.800,2.445;P =0.005,0.040) and protein (t =2.424,2.729;P =0.042,0.026) were significantly higher in the mutant type groups.Conclusions GLA gene mutation can induce cell autophagic dysfunction,and signaling pathway of autophagic activation may be Beclin-1 dependent.

Objective To compare the effect of radionuclide bone imaging and MRI in locating responsible vertebrae after osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures (OVCF).Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 25 patients with OVCF treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP)from May 2015 to December 2015.There were 4 males and 21 females,at age range of 63-87 years [(73.3 ±6.16)years].The fractured vertebrae included 2 T4,3 T5,2 T6,2 T7,5 T8,3 T9,3 T10,7 T11,9 T12,11 L1,10 L2,2 L3,5 L4 and 1 L5.Cervical imaging examinations (X-ray,bone mineral density,MRI,radionuclide bone imaging) were performed on admission.Oswestry disability index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were estimated before operation and 1 d after operation.Results of MRI and radionuclide bone imaging were compared.Results A total of 64 vertebrae were included in our study.Thirty-six vertebrae were recognized as fresh OVCFs by MRI,and 40 by radionuclide bone imaging.Kappa-test indicated the results of the examination methods were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Specificity (96.6％) and accuracy (98.4％) of MRI were higher than radionuclide bone imaging bone scan (82.8％,92.2％).Conclusions Radionuclide bone imaging has a high consistency with MRI in locating responsible vertebrae after OVCF,but MRI is associated with higher specificity and accuracy.In exceptional cases,radionuclide bone imaging can partly replace MRI as a way to locate OVCF.

Objective To observe the effects of human EP cells (hEPCs)transplantation on the function recovery of rats with spinal cord injury.Methods 24 SD rats (5 ones died in the process of operation)were firstly completed transection of T10 segment of spinal cord by using quick knife slices to complete animal model.19 rats after spinal cord transection were randomly divided into:the experimental group (10 cases)and the control group (9 cases). The experimental group with spinal cord injury was injected 7.5μL suspension of hEPCs (human Endothelial Progeni-tor Cells).Adjacent area of spinal cord injury in control group was injected equal amount DMEM(Dulbecco minimum essential medium.Postoperative intraperitoneal injection of cyclosporine A,an immunosuppressant,was administrated daily.At postoperative 1,2,4,6,8 weeks Basso Beatlie Bresnahan (BBB)score were administrated to record the neural function recovery of lower limbs in SCI rats.The transection spinal cord were removed from rats 8 weeks after operation to detect transplanted survival hEPCs in transection spinal cord of ratsby immunohistochemical and hybridization technique. Results 2 weeks after SCI model established,the BBB scores in the experimental group and the control group showed no statistically significant difference(t =0.61,0.69,all P >0.05).4 weeks postoperatively,the BBB score of the experimental group (1.67 -0.71)points was more than that in the control group (1.11 -0.60),the difference was statistically significant(t =3.16,P <0.05).Untill 8 weeks scores were respectively the (4.00 -1.41)of the experimental group and the (1.44 -0.89)of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t =5.384,P <0.05). Finally it was concluded that 4,6,8 weeks after SCI,hind limbs function of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group,the difference had statistical significance (P <0.05).Hybridization and immuno-histochemical detection showed that the transplanted hEPCs not only live in the host but in partial hEPCs chimeric to SCI in rats of spinal cord and its vascular system.Conclusion After transplantation,hEPCs can survive,differentiate into vascular endothelial cell,and improvement spinal cord function recovery as compared with control group.

Objective To investigate whether fasting obestatin level is different in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes, and to explore the association between obestatin and lipid metabolism. Methods Eighty-four subjects without known diabetes were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance(NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (DM) Plasma obestatin levels were measured with a radioimmunoassay. The relationship between fasting obestatin levels and metabolic parameters was also analyzed. Results Fasting obestatin levels were lower in DM group [(2.82±0.78)ng/ml] and IGT group [(3.25±0.29)ng/ml] than in NGT group[(3.55±0.57) ng/ml, P＜0.01]. Triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels gradually increased among the three groups (P＜0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed fasting obestatin level was independently associated with waist-to-hip ratio, triglyeride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The regression equation was obestatin=6.953-3.412×W/H-0.175×TG-0.123×LDL-C. Conclusions The decreased obestatin may be associated with IGR and T2DM, and obestatin level may be associated with lipid metabolism.

Objective To investigate the direct and indirect MRI manifestations of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)tears and discuss its mechanism and diagnostic value.Methods The study involved 40 patients with ACL tears including 37 males and three females at age range of 16-49 years(mean age of 33 years).Arthroscopy and operation confirmed 28 patients at acute phase of ACL tears,12 at chronic phase of ACL tears,35 with complete ACL tears and five with partial ACL tears.All patients were examined on 1.5T Siemens MRI scanner,with SE,TSE or Medic sequence in multiple directions.The direct and indirect MRI manifestations of ACL tears were retrospectively and statistically analyzed by employing three experienced doctors.Results Among 28 patients with acute tears,the direct MRI signs included signal interruption or non-consecutive(86%),uneven signal(64%)and swelling and thickening ligament(36%).While in 12 patients with chronic teats,the MRI signs manifested swelling ligament(92%),signal interruption or non-consecutive(75%)and uneven signal(58%).The sign of thickening ligament was mainly seen at chronic phase of ACL tears(P ＜0.01).Of 35 patients with complete ACL tears,80% occurred in the middle part of ACL,with low incidence of upper and lower parts.All five patients with partial ACL tears occurred in the anteriomedialis bundle.The indirect MRI signs of ACL tears included 7-shaped deformity of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)(34 patients,85%),meniscus exposure(26 patients)including 16 with lateral meniscus exposure(62%),bone injury(15 patients)including segond fracture(8 patients,53%),widened joint space(9 patients)including 78% at chronic phase,and tibia antelocation(23 patients,57%).Among 40 patients,37 patients were diagnosed correctly preoperatively,with accuracy rate of 92%.While three patients with partial ACL tears were missed diagnosis preoperatively,with inaccuracy rate of 8%.Conclusion ACL tear is relatively easy to identify preoperatively according to direct and indirect MRI signs in combination with trauma history.