In recent years,the incidence of allergic diseases is rising.The mild symptoms in allergic diseases are partial performance,but the severe symptoms in allergic diseases can induce anaphylactic shock and even death.With the unclear pathogenesis,there is lack of the effective treatment.Early detection and control of risk factors that cause allergic disease may be helpful in reducing the incidence of allergic disease.This review describes recent progress in the study of epidemiology, risk factors of allergic diseases, hypotheses of mechanism and the direction of future researches in risk factors of allergic diseases.

Graves' disease is a common autoimmune disease triggered by the susceptibility genes and environmental factors.Among the 9 risk genes related to Graves' disease,SCGB3A2 is the first Graves' disease-predisposing gene identified by our group using tagSNPs,strategy of candidate genes,and positional clones.The association between SCGB3A2 and Graves' disease has been confirmed by two independent cohorts from UK and Russia.So far,the geneticists on Graves' disease regard SCGB3A2 as a validated susceptibility gene of that disease.

Objective To observe the effect of carvedilol and motoprolol on the weight of cardiac muscle in patients with hypertensive heart disease.Methods One hundred patients with hypertensive heart disease were divided into two groups by random number and treated with carvedilol(n =54) and motoprolol(n =46) respectively for 12 months.Data were recorded (left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),interventricular septal thickness (IVST),and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT)) before and after the treatment.Left ventricular muscle mass(LVW),left ventricular mass index(LVWI) were calculated.Results After treatment,both groups improved with declined LVEDD (motoprolol group:(43.60 ± 4.43) mm vs.(46.70 ± 3.21) mm,t =18.143,P ＜ 0.01 ; carvedilol group:(42.50 ± 2.56) mm vs.(46.5 ± 3.18) mm,t =18.232,P ＜ 0.01),thinner IVST (motoprolol group:(9.68 ± 1.65) mm vs.(12.01 ± 1.56) mm,t =12.785,P ＜ 0.01 ; carvedilol group:(9.05 ± 1.04) mm vs.(11.59 ± 1.54) mm,t =7.865,P ＜ 0.01),and increased LVEF (motoprolol group:(52.89 ± 8.78)％ vs.(50.23 ± 7.88)％; carvedilol group:(54.65 ± 8.87％)％ vs.(50.22 ±7.89)％).In the carvedilol treatment group,LVMI significantly (t =4.987,P ＜ 0.01) declined from (133.75 ±25.89) g/m2 to (109.25 ± 22.53) g/m2.In the motoprolol treatment group,LVMI declined from (134.76 ± 25.87) g/m2 to (119.78 ± 23.65.53) g/m2 (t =5.689,P ＜ 0.01).After the treatment,each index of carvedilol group improved significantly compared with metoprolol group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Both medications are able to reduce the weight of cardiac muscle of patients with hypertensive heart disease,and carvedilol is better than motoprolol.

Objective To investigate the causes and therapeutic method for children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Methods 72 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were treated by adenctonsillectomy, operation and precaution of postoperation complication. Results 62 patients (86.1% )were cure.8 patients(11.1% ) were better. 2 patients(2.7% ) were no change. Conclusion The children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome caused by glandular organ and hypertrophyoftonsil, can improve the surgical results and late results.

More and more studies suggest that endocrine-metabolic diseases and liver diseases influence each other. Endocrine-metabolic diseases may lead to abnormal liver function, and liver diseases are found also to cause disturbance of endocrine-metabolic system.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Genital Diseases, Male ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment of ileocecal disease.Methods The general data,clinical manifestations,imaging examinations,colonoscopy and pathological examination and diagnosis of 134 patients in our hospital with ileocecal disease from September 2009 to March 2016 were collected.The clinical characters were summarized by retrospective analysis.Results A total of 134 cases with ileocecal disease were collected,and 36(26.87％)of them were ileocecal cancer,30(22.39％)of them were inflammatory bowel disease,26(19.40％)of them were intestinal tuberculosis.The main clinical manifestations of ileocecal lesion were abdominal pain,abdominal distention,diarrhea,bloody stool,etc.The colonoscopy imaging showed mucosal hyperemia,edema,erosion,ulcer and tumors on the intestinal tract.The benign lesions mainly showed ulcer with mucosal erosion and edema,and the ileocecal cancer showed neoplasm.CT examination was the common imaging method,and 93(69.40％)cases got tested.49 cases had operation,in which 7 cases had misdiagnosed before operation,and the rate of misdiagnosis was 14.28％.Conclusion The ileocecal disease is mainly benign lesions,and the process of diagnosis is complex;the rate of misdiagnosis is a little high.

BACKGROUND: Intra-oral, extra-oral, and combination of intraoral and extra-oral incisions often use in mandibular angle contouring surgery. Minimally invasive incision at auriculocephalic sulcus in mandibular angle osteotomy is a new approach, but its report is rare. OBJECTIVE: To observe the anatomical structure of the mandibular angle and its related blood vessels and nerves, and to provide the anatomical basis for the minimally invasive incision at auriculocephalic sulcus in mandibular angle osteotomy. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A single sample observational experiment was performed at Department of Anatomy in the Second Military Medical University from February to May in 2008. MATERIALS: A total of 15 adult skull specimens (30 laterals), including 11 female and 4 male, and 15 adult mandible (30 laterals) were used in the experiment. METHODS: Anatomical study was performed on 30 laterals of 15 skull specimens, observing distributions and arrangement of blood vessels and nerves as well as their position relation with mandibular angle. After sawing the mandible bones along mark lines, the distances from the mental foramen, mandibular foramen, and each section of mandibular canal to the edge, internal wall and external wall of the mandible bone were measured. The results were expressed as Mean?SD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The anatomical level, blood vessels, nerves and mandibular canals of mandibular angle region were observed. RESULTS: The distances from great auricular nerve, external jugular vein, cervical branch of facial nerve, facial artery and facial vein to the mandibular angle were (19.48?6.45), (13.84?3.78), (9.58?3.05), (22.62?7.16) and (20.08?6.45) mm, respectively. The distance from the location of marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve running out of the parotid gland to the mandibular angle was (7.79?2.57) mm. The distance from the location of mandibular canal at outer margin of third molar to the mandibular angle was (16.97?2.24) mm. CONCLUSION: The anatomical structure of the mandibular angle region is complex, and there are many important blood vessels and nerves. Minimally invasive incision at auriculocephalic sulcus is relatively safe in anatomy.

A migraine is a common essential headache in clinical practice. Studies in recent years have found that cortical spreading depression (CSD) may be one of the important mechanisms for the cause of migraine. This article reviews the relationship between SCD and neurobiological mechanism of migraine,particular expounding the significance in the gene mutations of familial hemiplegic migraine, CSD in migraine pathophysiological mechanisms and their prophylactic treatment.

Objective To observe the effect of heat-producing needling (Shao Shan Huo) and cool-inducing needling (Tou Tian Liang) on the gait cycle after operation for gluteus contracture. Method Sixty-six patients after operation for gluteus contracture were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 33 in each group. The control group was intervened by rehabilitation, while the treatment group was by acupuncture in addition to the rehabilitation training. The topical points Zhibian (BL 54), Huantiao (GB 30), and Juliao (GB 29) were treated with reducing cool-inducing needling technique; Biguan (ST 31), Futu (ST 32), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Xuehai (SP 10), Diji (SP 8), and Yanglingquan (GB 34) were treated with reinforcing heat-producing needling technique. The motor time parameters were observed before and after intervention.Result After intervention, the supporting phase of the affected side, supporting phase of the healthy side, gait cycle, swinging phase of the affected side, swinging phase of the healthy side, and bilateral supporting phase of the treatment group were significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Heat-producing and cool-inducing needling techniques can effectively shorten the gait cycle after operation for gluteus contracture, and can improve the walk function.