Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Disease ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnostic Imaging ; methods ; Humans

China ; Feeding Methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; growth & development ; Infection ; complications ; therapy ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; complications ; mortality ; Pregnancy ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Therapy ; Survival Rate

Cardiomyopathies ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; diagnosis

Neonatal fungal infections include superficial skin infections and deep fungal infections.Fungal infection is more common during the neonatal period,which is related with newborns(especially premature children),low birth weight and immune dysfunction.In addition,long-term application of broad-spectrum antibiotics and adrenal corticosteroids also induce fungal infections.Severe or disseminated fungal infection can lead to serious illness and even death.Neonatal fungal infections usually show no special clinical manifestations,and can thus result in the delayed diagnosis and treatment.This article discussed the pathogenic species of fungal infection and the risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the progress of clinical application of implant during distraction osteogenesis in the jaw bones, and to evaluate its biocompatibility.METHODS: The first author retrieved CNKI database from 1989 to 2009 in Chinese and Medline database from 1989 to 2009 in English with the key words of "jaw, distraction osteogenesis, treatment". A total of 56 articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 20 articles concerning treatment progress of distraction osteogenesis and clinical application of implant were included.RESULTS: Distraction osteogenesis implants contained intraoral or extraoral distraction device, which could be used for distraction of transport plate. A distraction was selected in accordance with patients' condition and requirement. Distraction osteogenesis had been an important manner for complicated tooth jaw facial deformity and jaw defect in oral dentofacial surgery and Orthodontic treatment. It could have effective osteogenesis in combination with various systemic therapy, local therapy and physical therapy. Presently, distraction osteogenesis implants were metal materials. Metal implants have great advantages in preventing bacterium growth, keeping implant fixation and distraction effects, and the price was high. However, the cost of Ni-Ti memory alloy wire was lower compared with common retractors. The fixing device and alloy wire closely adhered to the bone could be completely implanted into tissues, with the advantages of anti-infection and completely closing the exterior and interior wound. CONCLUSION: Distraction osteogenesis is a new method for treating dental and craniofacial hypodevelopment straightening of teeth and for repairing jaw bone defect deformation. Biocompatibility of metal implants was good such as internal small Ni-Ti memory alloy wire. The biocompatibility of other types of implants should be improved.

The article reviews primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategy of thyroid diseases and its possible effect.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction of effective ingredients and purification for crude glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin from Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae with different methods. METHODS:The contents and extraction percentages of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin were used as indexes to optimize the extraction solvent. Then the extraction process was optimized with orthogonal experiment taking the concentration of ammonium ethanol,the amount of solvent and the extracting times as indexes. Crude glycyrrhizic acid was purified with the method of recrystallization and crude liquiritin was purified with organic solvent method.RESULTS:The optimal extracting solvent was ammonium ethanol. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extracting the solvent 4 times(2 h/time) by adding 5 times volume of 60% ethanol(containing 0.3% ammonia water). The purity of glycyrrhizic acid was over 85% with total extraction rate at 43%,and content of liquiritin was above 15% with its total extraction rate at 67%. CONCLUSION:The method is simple and feasible and from which glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin was been obtained,Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae can broaden the scope of the application.

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome,also known as “Ondine′s curse”,is charac-terized by hypoventilation during sleep and impaired ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxemia. This disorder is associated with a malfunction of the nerves that control involuntary body functions and abnor-mal development of early embryonic cells that form the spinal cord. This review summarized the latest pro-gression in the pathogenesis,clinical symptoms,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.