OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in the clinical nutrition therapy for patients with parenteral nutrition-associated liver dagame (PNALD),and to promote the rational use of nutrition drugs. METHODS:Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of a case of PNALD,and suggested adjusting 5% Glucose and sodium chloride injection 500 mL to 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 500 mL,30% Long-chain triglycerides 250 mL to 20% Medium/long chain fatty emulsion 250 mL,8.5% Compound amino acid injection(18 AA)1000 mL to 8% Compound amino acid injection(15 AA)750 mL;addition-ally using 20%Alanyl glutamine injection 100 mL and 10% ω-3 Fish oil fat emulsion injection 100 mL inall in oneparenteral nutrition(PN)formula. The remaining recipes remain unchanged. Reduced glutathione and S-methionine were also adopted for pro-tecting liver and receding jaundice,and the amount of PN was decreased gradually and replaced by enteral nutrition (EN). RE-SULTS:Physicians adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists,and liver function of the patient recovered to normal. CON-CLUSIONS:Main factors of PNALD include medication time of PN,types and intake of lipid,over nutrition. Clinical pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care in nutritional treatment for patients,which can assure effective and safe use of nutritional drugs,and reduce the occurrence of complication and ADR.

Objective To explore the protective effects of puerarin on CCl 4-induced acute hepatic injury of rats. Methods Acute hepatic injury model was induced by CCl 4. Before and after low-dose (40 mg/kg) or high-dose (200 mg/kg) of puerarin was given, the levels of AST, ALT in serum, and liver index, and SOD activity, MDA content in serum and liver tissue were measured. Liver pathological changes were also observed. Results Puerarin reduced the serum levels of AST, ALT obviously (P

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the treatment of portal hypertension conplicated by gallstones.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 96 patients with portal hypertension complicated by gallstones who underwent surgical treatment in The Fourth People's Hospital of Zigong from January 2012 to June 2016.These patients were divided into laparoscopic group with 50 patients who underwent LC and open group with 46 patients who underwent open cholecystectomy.The surgical conditions and changes in liver function after surgery were compared between the two groups.An analysis of variance with repeated measures was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups,and the least significant difference t-test was used for comparison between two groups;the t-test was used for comparison between two groups.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Results No deaths occurred during the perioperative period and no patient was converted to open surgery in the laparoscopic group.Compared with the open group,the laparoscopic group had significantly lower time of operation,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,hospital costs,and incidence rate of postoperative complications (t =2.075,7.389,4.839,and 3.809,x2 =4.697,all P ＜0.05).Both groups had increased or reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),total bilirubin (TBil),and albumin (Alb) at 1 day after surgery,which gradually returned to preoperative levels at 3 or 7 day after surgery.The laparoscopic group had significant changes in the serum levels of ALT,AST,and Alb (F =201.85,185.55,and 4.570,all P ＜ 0.01),while the open group had significant changes in the serum levels of ALT,AST,TBil,and Alb (F =597.84,373.10,5.617,and 10.429,all P ＜ 0.01).There were significant increases in the serum levels of ALT and AST 1 day after snrgery in the laparoscopic group and at 1 and 3 days after surgery in the open group (all P ＜0.05),and at 1 and 3 days after surgery,the laparoscopic group had significantly lower serum levels of ALT and AST than the open group (t =12.537,18.370,9.548 and 15.118,both P ＜0.01).At 1 day after surgery,the open group had a significant increase in the serum level of TBil (P ＜ 0.05) and a higher serum level of TBil than the laparoscopic group (t =2.547,P =0.013).There were significant reductions in the serum level of Alb at 1 day after surgery in the laparoscopic group and at 1 and 3 days after surgery in the open groups (all P ＜ 0.05),and at 1 day after surgery,the laparoscopic group had a significantly higher serum level of Alb than the open group (t =2.291,P =0.024).Conclusion LC is safe and feasible in the treatment of portal hypertension complicated by gallstones,and compared with open cholecystectomy,it has the advantages of a minimally invasive surgery and causes less liver damage.

To prepare polyrotaxane-camptothecin conjugates and evaluate its anti-tumor effect, polyrotaxane-camptothecin conjugates were successfully synthesized, and the release behavior was performed; MTT assay and cell morphology were used to examine the inhibition of cells' proliferation effect in vitro. The experimental study of the antitumor effect on S180 mice in vivo was also performed to further evaluate the anti-tumor effect of conjugate. The result showed polyrotaxane-camptothecin conjugates can effectively inhibit the proliferation in a dose dependent effect. In vivo study and cell morphology observation of S180 mice showed significant decrease in growth of tumor, degree of tumor infiltration and blood vessel number. The result indicated anti-tumor mechanism may be through affect the angiogenesis and reduced blood supply to tumor cells and then leading to necrosis.

Objective To analyze the HLA-A, B local haplotype frequencies of Han population in Northwest China. Methods The results of HLA-A, B local polymorphism were obtained by using the PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP) reverse dot blot. Haplotype was inferred by the heredity law of HLA. Results The high haplotype frequencies were A02-B46, A30-B13, A02-B40. Linkage disequilibrium parameters of 11 haplotypes had significant differences. Conclusion The HLA-A, B local haplotype frequencies of Han population in Northwest China differ from those of Han population in other areas. The haplotypes A30-B13, A01-B37 and A32-B44 present significant linkage disequilibrium.

Objective To determine the levels of serum anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) before and after treatment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, and investigate the relationship of AGR2 and clinical pathological characteristics of NPC patients.Methods The serum levels of AGR2 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 55 NPC patients (NPC group) before and after treatment, 30 patients with nasopharyngeal inflammation (inflammation group) and 20 healthy controls (health control group).The correlations between serum AGR2 before and after treatment and clinical pathological characteristics of NPC were analyzed.The NPC patients received radiotherapy and were followed up for 6 months, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results The serum AGR2 levels in NPC group before treatment, inflammation group and health control group were (22.92±5.24)μg/L, (9.50±4.15)μg/L and (8.75±2.18)μg/L respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=268.400, P=0.000).The level of serum AGR2 in NPC group was obviously higher than that in inflammation group (t=14.241, P=0.000) and health control group (t=15.254, P=0.000).The level of serum AGR2 in NPC group after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment [(15.15±10.33)μg/L vs.(22.92±5.24)μg/L, t=12.774, P=0.000].In NPC patients, serum AGR2 levels of clinical Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage group before and after treatment were higher than those of clinical Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage group (t=5.938, P=0.000;t=0.759, P=0.032).Serum AGR2 levels of lymph node metastasis group before and after treatment were higher than those of no lymph node metastasis group (t=6.879, P=0.000;t=2.700, P=0.009).Serum AGR2 levels of carotid sheath and skull base involvement groups before treatment were higher than those of non-involvement groups (t=8.342, P=0.000;t=8.255, P=0.009).Serum AGR2 levels of cranial nerve involvement group before and after treatment were higher than those of non-involvement group (t=7.743, P=0.000;t=3.021, P=0.004).The serum AGR2 level after treatment in complete response patients [(13.86±2.93)μg/L] was significantly lower than that in partial response patients [(15.85±3.24)μg/L, t=2.267, P=0.028] and invalid patients [(20.65±6.59)μg/L, t=4.935, P=0.000].The serum AGR2 level in partial response patients was significantly lower than that in invalid patients (t=3.196, P=0.004).Conclusion The level of serum AGR2 in NPC patients increases obviously.AGR2 plays an important role in the genesis and development of NPC, and can be used as a new marker of NPC for judging the clinical therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.

Aim To observe the protective effects and explore the possible mechanism of lycopene on hepatic injury induced by the combining use of isoniazid(INH) and rifampicin(RFP) in rats.Methods Chronic hepatic injury model was induced by INH and RFP.Low dosage,middle dosage and high dosage of lycopene(10,20,30 mg?kg-1 body weight) were given to protect liver injury.The serum level of AST and ALT,liver index,contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathion(GSH) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in liver were measured.Hepatic pathological changes were also observed after giving lycopene.Results Lycopene could reduce the liver index,the serum level of AST and ALT and the content of MDA,raise the liver GSH content and promote the activities of SOD in liver tissue in rats.Degeneration and necrosis of liver tissues were relieved.Conclusion Lycopene has protective effects on the hepatotoxicity in rats induced by the combination of INH and RFP for a long time,and the mechanisms is related to of antioxidation action of lycopene possibly.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope for bladder calculi. Methods From March 2003 to May 2007, 32 patients with bladder calculi were treated by transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope. Results The operation was completed in all the patients without conversion to open surgery. Transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) was carried out on 22 patients who were complicated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Four patients received cystotrachelotomy because of bladder-neck contracture, and 4 underwent dilation of the urethra owning to urethral stenosis. Simple pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy was performed on two patients. The operation time was 25 to 90 minutes with a mean of (45?25) minutes. No patient had residual stones or perforation of bladder. One patient developed urethral stenosis after the operation. Conclusions Transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope is a safe, less traumatic treatment for patients with bladder calculi with few complications. The method is especially suitable for patients with BPH.

BACKGROUND:It has been reported that blast wave and haze can lead to hemodynamics disturbance.However,studies on blast-haze combined injury on hemodynamics changes are few.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of blast-haze on the hemodynamics parameters during early period following cabin explosion,additionally,to evaluate the feasibility of brain natriuretic polypeptide(BNP) to serve as the damage criterion in early detection.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomization,experimental observation of animal was performed at the Research Institute of Surgery,Daping Hospital,Third Military Medical University between August 2006 and August 2007.MATERIALS:One hundred and four healthy,male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control(n=8),blast injury(n=48),and combined injury(n=48) groups.METHODS:The rats were fixed in the cabin according to the position of the war sitting,0.4 g cyclotrimethylene trinitramine were used to explosion in the centre of the cabin.The rats in the blast injury and combined injury group were took out immediately and 100 s after explosion,respectively.No treatment was performed in the normal control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The heart function changes,the level of BNP,as well as the pathological change of lung tissues were analyzed by ELISA,double antibody sandwich method,and the microscope at 1,3,6,12,24,and 72 hours after injury,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with the normal control group,there were significantly differences of pathomorphological changes in the blast injury and combined injury groups,even,more severe in the combined group than the blast injury group.The level of BNP at each time point was higher than that of the normal control group(P

Objective To investigate the possibility of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus by transfusion of unreliable blood and relevant product. Methods ELISA technique was used to detect the antibodies of SARS associated coronavirus in the plasma from 158 volunteer blood donors, who were medical workers, before the SARS epidemic. The subjects with positive result were place under surveillance. Results There were two positive samples in 158 tested samples. The subjects with positive test result did not have the history of SARS infection. Conclusion There was no epidemic of SARS in the hospital. The transmission pathway of SARS was unknown. It seems that the risk of transmitting SARS by unreliable blood product transfusion is just a theoretical hypothesis. With further investigation of SARS, its transmission pathway will be hopefully made known.